Chemical pollutants are considered among the most serious environmental problems facing humanity in the modern era, due to their direct and indirect effects on public health. The increase in industrial and technological activities has led to the widespread presence of these pollutants in air, water, and soil, allowing them to enter the human body through various pathways. Chemical pollutants include a wide range of substances such as heavy metals (including mercury, lead, and cadmium), pesticides, industrial pollutants, plastics, and toxic gases emitted from factories and transportation. These substances can enter the human body through inhalation, consumption of contaminated food and water, or absorption through the skin. Chemical pollutants have severe effects on human health, as they may cause chronic diseases such as cancer, respiratory disorders, neurological impairments, and liver and kidney diseases. Continuous exposure to certain pollutants, even at low concentrations, can lead to hormonal imbalances and weakened immune function, particularly among children and the elderly. The danger of chemical pollutants lies in their ability to bioaccumulate in body tissues, increasing their toxic effects over time. Some pollutants also negatively affect reproductive health, leading to congenital abnormalities or reduced fertility, in addition to impairing the physical and mental development of children. In this context, chemistry plays a vital role in detecting and analyzing chemical pollutants, establishing safety standards to limit their spread, and developing advanced technologies to treat pollution and reduce its health and environmental impacts. Public health awareness and environmental regulations also contribute significantly to minimizing exposure risks. In conclusion, reducing chemical pollution is an urgent necessity to protect human health and ensure a safe environment. This requires the combined efforts of scientific research, legislation, and community awareness to control pollution sources and achieve sustainable development. Al-Mustaqbal University Ranked First among Private Iraqi Universities