The AMBU Bag is considered one of the essential medical devices used in the fields of anesthesia and resuscitation. It is also known as a manual resuscitation bag. This device is used to provide artificial ventilation to patients who are unable to breathe adequately or who experience complete respiratory arrest, whether during anesthesia or in emergency situations. The AMBU Bag consists of a flexible rubber bag, a one-way valve, and a face mask that is fitted onto the patient’s face, with the option of connecting it to an oxygen source. When the bag is manually compressed, air or oxygen is delivered into the patient’s lungs, helping to maintain effective gas exchange and adequate oxygenation. In anesthesia practice, the AMBU Bag is used in several critical situations, including pre-oxygenation before endotracheal intubation, during recovery from anesthesia in cases of respiratory depression, or in the event of sudden failure of the anesthesia machine. It is also a vital life-saving tool in cases of respiratory or cardiac arrest within the operating room. The importance of the AMBU Bag lies in its ease of use and rapid availability, as it can be relied upon immediately without the need for complex equipment. However, improper use may lead to complications such as gastric insufflation or pulmonary barotrauma, which highlights the necessity of proper training for medical staff in correct ventilation techniques. In conclusion, the AMBU Bag is an indispensable device in anesthesia and emergency departments, playing a crucial role in preserving patients’ lives during critical situations. This underscores the importance of mastering its use by anesthesiologists and healthcare professionals to ensure the highest levels of safety and quality medical care. Yasmin Mouaed Al-Mustaqbal University The First University in Iraq.