Climate change is one of the most serious environmental challenges facing Earth today, as it directly affects living organisms and ecosystems. Climate change occurs due to increased concentrations of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere, which leads to global warming and changes in weather patterns. Climate change affects biodiversity by altering environmental conditions that organisms depend on for survival. Some species require specific temperatures or humidity levels, and when these conditions change, they may not be able to adapt, leading to population decline or extinction. For example, rising temperatures cause polar ice to melt, threatening animals such as polar bears that depend on ice for survival. Increased water temperature also causes coral bleaching, where corals lose their symbiotic algae and eventually die. Climate change also affects animal migration, forcing species to move to new areas in search of suitable environments, which disrupts ecological balance. Additionally, climate change can increase the spread of diseases and pests affecting plants and animals. Protecting biodiversity requires reducing carbon emissions, conserving natural habitats, and increasing environmental awareness.
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