Environmental pollution poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in urban and industrialized areas. Air, water, and soil pollution expose populations to harmful substances that can lead to acute and chronic health conditions. Air pollution, especially fine particulate matter, has been strongly associated with respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. Long-term exposure also increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Water pollution contributes to gastrointestinal infections and exposure to toxic chemicals, while soil contamination affects food safety. Children, elderly individuals, and people with pre-existing health conditions are particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of environmental pollution. Reducing pollution requires coordinated efforts involving policy implementation, environmental regulations, and public awareness. Protecting the environment is not only an ecological responsibility but also a crucial public health priority. References: World Health Organization. (2021). Landrigan, P. J. et al. (2018). Al-Mustaqbal University the first in Iraq