<br /><br />This article explores the legal foundations of maritime transport contracts, with a focus on the international laws and conventions that govern this field. The article highlights the following key points:<br /><br />Definition of the Maritime Transport Contract:<br />A maritime transport contract is an agreement in which the carrier commits to transporting goods from one port to another in exchange for a freight fee paid by the shipper. Maritime transportation of goods is carried out by ships, whether the carrier owns the vessel or leases it.<br /><br />International Conventions:<br />The article reviews international conventions regulating maritime transport contracts, such as the Brussels Convention (1924), the Hamburg Rules (1978), and the Rotterdam Rules (2008). These conventions aim to unify maritime transport laws and define the rights and obligations of the contracting parties.<br /><br />Obligations of the Carrier and Shipper:<br />The law outlines the obligations of both the carrier and the shipper. The carrier is responsible for transporting and delivering the goods at the agreed time and location, while the shipper must pay the transport fee and ensure the goods are properly and safely delivered for shipment.<br /><br />Legal Liability:<br />The article addresses the carrier’s legal liability in cases of damage or loss of goods during transport. International laws specify the circumstances under which the carrier may be held liable, as well as those that exempt the carrier, such as force majeure or faults committed by the shipper.<br /><br />Arbitration in Maritime Transport Disputes:<br />The article emphasizes the importance of arbitration as a means of resolving disputes related to maritime transport. Parties agree to refer disputes to specialized arbitrators whose final and binding decisions contribute to the stability of maritime transactions.<br />"AL_mustaqbal University is the first university in Iraq"<br/><br/><a href=https://uomus.edu.iq/Default.aspx target=_blank>al-mustaqbal University Website</a>