Tea tree oil is one of the important natural essential oils. It is extracted from the leaves of the tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia), which is native to Australia. The oil is well known for its multiple therapeutic properties, particularly its ability to combat bacteria and fungi, and it is widely used in traditional medicine and skincare. Scientific Name and Classification Common name: Tea Tree Oil Scientific name: Melaleuca alternifolia Family: Myrtaceae Botanical Description The tea tree is a small evergreen tree that grows to about 7 meters in height. Its leaves are narrow and aromatic, and the oil is extracted from them through steam distillation. The oil is clear yellow to greenish in color and has a strong, distinctive aroma. Active Components Tea tree oil contains: Terpinen-4-ol, the main compound responsible for its antimicrobial activity Antibacterial and antifungal compounds Natural antioxidants Health Benefits Fights bacteria and fungi on the skin Treats acne and skin inflammations Soothes itching and skin irritation Treats dandruff and improves scalp health Used as an antiseptic for minor wounds Uses Skincare and hair care Preparation of cosmetics and natural soaps Added to essential oils for aromatherapy Used as a natural household disinfectant Precautions The oil should not be applied directly to the skin without dilution in a carrier oil It may cause allergic reactions in some individuals; a patch test is recommended before use It should not be taken internally except under medical supervision Conclusion Tea tree oil is a valuable natural oil due to its antimicrobial and antifungal properties. It is widely used in traditional medicine and personal care, provided that it is used safely and in moderation. Al-Mustaqbal University is the first university in Iraq.