The Department of Archaeology at the College of Arts and Humanities organized a scientific workshop entitled “Religious Thought in the Light of Cuneiform Texts,” presented by Dr. Maryam Imran Mousa, as part of its academic activities aimed at enhancing knowledge of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia. The workshop addressed the importance of religious thought in the life of ancient humans, drawing on cuneiform documents and texts that reveal the central role of religion in organizing society and its strong influence on various aspects of daily life. It also discussed the main characteristics of religious thought, including polytheism, animism, anthropomorphism, and continuity, in addition to explaining the structure of the Assembly of the Gods, its divisions, and the status of major deities in Sumerian and Babylonian beliefs. Furthermore, the workshop explored key topics such as the creation of the universe, the world of the dead, temples and their types, and the role of priests in managing both religious and worldly affairs. These themes contributed to a deeper understanding of the intellectual and religious foundations of ancient civilizations. The workshop witnessed active participation from faculty members and students, reflecting the significance of the topics presented and their role in raising awareness of the importance of cuneiform heritage as a primary source for studying religious thought in ancient Iraq.