Molecular biology is a branch of life sciences that focuses on studying fundamental biomolecules, including DNA, RNA, and proteins, and understanding their functions in living organisms. This field serves as a powerful tool for accurate disease diagnosis, especially for genetic disorders, cancers, and infectious diseases. Techniques such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing are used to detect genetic mutations and identify diseases before clinical symptoms appear. These techniques also aid in developing targeted treatments, designing effective vaccines, and analyzing epidemics. Moreover, molecular biology bridges biological information with medical applications, fostering continuous research to understand diseases and improve public health. Al-Mustaqbal University – the first university in Iraq.
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