Introduction Carbonated beverages are considered common environmental factors that affect human health, and their consumption has increased significantly across all age groups. These drinks contain added sugars, phosphoric acids, and caffeine—components that may negatively impact kidney function when consumed regularly. Understanding the relationship between carbonated beverage intake and kidney health is essential for preventing kidney diseases and improving public health. Effects of Carbonated Beverages on the Kidneys • Increased risk of kidney stone formation: The sugars and acids found in carbonated beverages can increase the concentration of calcium and oxalate in the urine, facilitating crystal formation and the development of kidney stones. • Impact on kidney function: Excessive consumption of carbonated beverages may contribute to increased urine acidity, which can impair the kidneys’ ability to eliminate waste and disrupt mineral balance. • Increased risk of chronic kidney failure: Continuous intake of carbonated beverages has been associated with a higher likelihood of developing chronic kidney problems over the long term. Other Related Environmental Factors In addition to carbonated beverages, other environmental factors affecting kidney health include inadequate water intake, high salt consumption, a sedentary lifestyle, and exposure to chemicals in food and water. The combination of these factors increases the burden on the kidneys and enhances the risk of kidney diseases. Conclusion It has been shown that carbonated beverages are an influential environmental factor affecting kidney health, as they may increase the risk of kidney stone formation, impair kidney function, and contribute to the development of chronic kidney failure when consumed excessively. Therefore, it is essential to limit the intake of these beverages, increase water consumption, and adopt a healthy lifestyle to maintain kidney and urinary system health overall. Al-Mustaqbal University the First in Iraq