تاريخ النشر الصنف اللغة الصورة الملفات المسموح بها: JPG, PNG | الحد الأعلى 500 كيلوبايت | يجب أن تكون الصورة مربعة أو أفقية الصور الإضافية (حتى 3) — مطلوبة صورة واحدة على الأقل صورة 1 JPG/PNG ≤ 500KB إزالة صورة 2 JPG/PNG ≤ 500KB إزالة صورة 3 JPG/PNG ≤ 500KB إزالة إضافة مرفق إضافةإلغاء Initially, the idea of the Iraqi University Ranking (IRU) emerged in line with the vision of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research to develop academic performance and advance the overall educational and pedagogical process. This ranking has gone through multiple stages since its official launch to ensure the quality of higher education and its outputs. ⸻ First: History of the Ranking and Stages of Its Development The idea of a national Iraqi ranking began out of the need for an objective evaluation system that keeps pace with global standards. Foundational Phase (2015–2016): This phase witnessed the launch of the first edition of the ranking, which focused primarily on the performance of academic departments to ensure the quality of outputs from the ground up. Institutional Expansion Phase (2017–2021): The criteria were developed to include overall university performance (institutional performance), with a separation between the evaluation of public and private universities to ensure fairness in comparison. Modernization and Digitization Phase (2022–Present): Electronic platforms were adopted for data submission and auditing, and the relative weight of scientific research indicators and publication in Scopus and Clarivate databases was increased. ⸻ Second: Objectives of the Iraqi Ranking The ranking seeks to achieve several strategic objectives, including: • Enhancing Academic Reputation: Strengthening the position of Iraqi universities in global rankings such as QS, THE, and Shanghai. • Competitiveness: Creating a competitive environment among universities to develop laboratories, curricula, and scientific research. • Transparency: Providing accurate data to society and students about the performance level of each educational institution. • Development of Scientific Research: Encouraging researchers to publish in global databases such as Scopus and Clarivate. ⸻ Third: Core Criteria and Indicators The Iraqi ranking relies on a complex matrix of indicators that are periodically updated to align with international standards. Evaluation is generally divided into two main axes: 1. Performance of Academic Departments This axis focuses on the details of academic work within individual departments and includes: • Scientific Research: Number of published papers, citations, and scientific awards. • Quality and Program Accreditation: The extent to which departments obtain accreditation from international or national organizations. • Faculty Members: Their ratio to the number of students and their academic ranks. 2. Institutional Performance This includes evaluating the university as a whole in terms of: • Infrastructure: Classrooms, laboratories, and digital libraries. • Student Activities: Services provided to students and extracurricular activities. • International Cooperation: Memoranda of understanding and cultural exchange with global universities. • Governance and Management: Efficiency of administrative systems and digital transformation. ⸻ Fourth: Challenges Facing the Ranking Despite its importance, the system faces several challenges: • Disparity in Capabilities: A funding gap between long-established universities and newly established ones. • Quality Culture: The need to instill the concept of quality among administrative and teaching staff as a working approach rather than a mere paper requirement. • Data Accuracy: Ensuring the accuracy of data submitted by universities and the need for rigorous on-site verification. ⸻ Fifth: Achieved Outcomes The launch of this ranking has led to qualitative progress in: • An increase in the number of Iraqi research publications indexed in Scopus. • A growing number of Iraqi universities entering the Times Higher Education and Shanghai rankings. • Upgrading scientific laboratories to meet national standards requirements. ⸻ Academic References 1. Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (2023). Guide to the Criteria of the Iraqi University Ranking. Scientific Supervision and Evaluation Authority. 2. Hamid, Ali, et al. (2021). “The Impact of National Quality Standards on the Performance of Iraqi Universities: An Analytical Study.” Journal of Educational and Scientific Studies. 3. UNESCO – Iraq Office. Reports on Developing and Ensuring Quality in Higher Education in Iraq. 4. Al-Juboori, A. (2022). “Quality Assurance in Iraqi Higher Education: Challenges and Opportunities.” International Journal of Educational Research. 5. Scimago Institutions Rankings. Research performance reports of Iraqi universities (Data 2021–2024).