Biotechnology plays a major role in combating infectious diseases by developing advanced vaccines and drugs. Microorganisms can be used to produce immune compounds targeting pathogens such as viruses and bacteria. These innovations help prevent epidemics and reduce disease spread, while enabling rapid and effective treatments for emerging illnesses. Genetic engineering can also be used to design vaccines tailored to the genetic makeup of different population groups. Biotechnology greatly supports public health, reduces deaths and illnesses caused by infections, and enhances the ability to respond quickly to global epidemics.