While DNA dominates forensic analysis, proteins provide temporal and functional information that DNA alone cannot reveal. Protein structures and concentrations change predictably after death. Using mass spectrometry and proteomic profiling, forensic investigators can assess: • Tissue degradation stages • Evidence of inflammation or trauma before death • Accurate postmortem interval estimation Protein fingerprinting is especially valuable when DNA is degraded or insufficient. (Asst. Lect. Bushra Hussein Atiyah)
  SDG4