With the rapid development of information technology and the increasing reliance on the Internet, cyber attacks have become one of the most prominent threats facing individuals and institutions. These attacks are aimed at stealing data, disrupting systems, or breaching privacy. This article highlights the most important types of cyber attacks and methods of prevention Types of cyber attacks 1. Malware Attacks They include viruses, worms, and Trojans, where they damage devices or steal data without the user's knowledge. 2. Phishing attacks (Phishing) It relies on deceiving the user through fake messages or sites aimed at stealing sensitive information such as passwords and bank card data. 3. Denial of Service Attacks (DDoS) It aims to disable sites or servers by sending a huge number of requests, which leads to the interruption of the service. 4. Hacking Attacks In which the attacker exploits security vulnerabilities for unauthorized access to systems or networks. 5. Social Engineering Attacks It relies on psychological manipulation of the user to force him to reveal confidential information without using direct hacking techniques Ways to prevent cyber attacks • Use and constantly update protection software • Install security updates for operating systems and programs • Use strong passwords and change them periodically • Activate Two-Factor Authentication • Avoid opening links or files from unreliable sources • Educate users of the risks of cyber attacks • Back up data regularly The importance of cybersecurity lies in protecting information and systems from penetration and damage, ensuring business continuity, and maintaining the privacy of individuals and institutions in the digital age In conclusion, cyberattacks are an increasing risk in light of technological development, but following appropriate prevention methods contributes significantly to reducing these risks. Therefore, security awareness and protection measures must be enhanced to ensure a secure digital environment Al-Mustaqbal University, the first Iraqi private universities