Introduction Kidney cysts are abnormal fluid-filled sacs that form within the kidneys and are considered one of the most common kidney problems. These cysts may be simple or multiple, hereditary or acquired, and can affect kidney function to varying degrees. One of the most significant potential complications of kidney cysts is high blood pressure and deterioration of kidney function, making regular monitoring essential for maintaining overall health. Types of Kidney Cysts 1. Simple Cysts: Usually benign, do not affect kidney function, and typically do not require treatment. 2. Complex Cysts: May have thick walls, contain blood or solid material, and can affect kidney function, requiring careful follow-up. 3. Hereditary Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD): A genetic disorder that causes the formation of multiple large cysts, which may lead to chronic kidney failure over time. Impact of Cysts on Blood Pressure • Kidney cysts can disrupt the secretion of renin, leading to increased blood pressure. • Chronic high blood pressure places extra strain on the kidneys and accelerates their functional decline. • Early control of blood pressure through prescribed medications or lifestyle modifications reduces the risk of future complications. Impact of Cysts on Kidney Function • Large cysts compress normal kidney tissue, reducing the kidneys’ ability to filter waste and fluids. • Over time, the accumulation of cysts may lead to chronic kidney insufficiency or severe kidney failure. • Regular monitoring through blood tests (such as creatinine and urea) is essential to assess disease progression. Conclusion Kidney cysts are usually benign in most cases, but in complex or hereditary cases, they clearly affect blood pressure and kidney function. Therefore, regular monitoring, along with blood pressure management and a healthy lifestyle, is essential for maintaining kidney health and overall quality of life. Al-Mustaqbal University The First University in Iraq