<br />Vanadium pentoxide is an inorganic compound with the formula( V2O5), it is a brown/yellow solid and a molecular weight of 181.9 g/mol. Vanadium pentoxide has a melting point of 690 °C and a boiling point of 1750 °C. Vanadium pentoxide is a chemical compound. Acid/alkali soluble; absolute alcohol insoluble (Costigan et al., 2001) . <br />Pentoxide (𝑉2𝑂5)is a popular cathode material that has received a lot of attention due to its low cost, ease of synthesis, good safety, and relatively high theoretical capacity of 437 mA h g 1 (Liu et al., 2018) . <br />(𝑉2𝑂5) is one of the most abundant transition metal oxides in the earth's crust, as well as a nontoxic and environmentally friendly material (Dhoundiyal et al., 2020) . <br />Vanadium pentoxide nanostructure is a suitable material for solar cells, gas sensors, optical-electrical switches, chemical sensing, electrochromic devices, and optoelectronic devices due to its outstanding properties such as a direct band gap in the visible-light region (Eg = 2.2 to 2.7 eV), multivalance, good chemical and thermal stability, and excellent thermoelectric property . (Chelliah and Swaminathan, 2019). <br />Deferent methods has been used to synthesis Vanadium pentoxide nanostructure includes, chemical vapor deposition, magnetron sputtering, the sol-gel process, pulsed laser deposition, electron beam evaporation, electro spinning, spray pyrolysis, and hydrothermal synthesis. Among the various deposition techniques for preparing vanadium oxide nanostructures, hydrothermal deposition is a relatively simple, costeffective, and environmentally friendly method (Abd-Alghafour et al., 2018) . <br />Crystal structure of V2O5 : <br />Vanadium pentoxide is discovered to be a single phase with an orthorhombic crystal structure and no alien phases. The lattice parameters were determined to be a = 11.5142, b = 4.3722, and c = 3.5650 to the fourth decimal point. The lattice parameters of bulk (V2O5) are a = 11.503, b = 4.369, and c = 3.557 . The lattice parameters of (V2O5) show a slight increase but are not significantly different from the bulk (Jayaraj et al., 2018) . <br /> <br />Fig. (1-4): Crystal structure of (V2O5) (Sheng et al., 2020) Synthesis of vanadium pentoxide: <br />There are different method have been used to synthesis vanadium pentoxide: <br />When vanadium metal is heated in excess oxygen, vanadium pentoxide is formed, although this product is polluted with other, lower oxides(Chen et al., 2015). <br />A more satisfactory laboratory preparation involves the decomposition of ammonium met vanadate at 500-550 °C (Brauer, 2012) . <br /> <br />Application of vanadium oxide : 1- lithium-ion batteries <br />potential to be used as a cathode in lithium-ion batteries, was find out in the 1970s . Recently, most research work on vanadium oxides has focused on vanadium oxides, which have better chemical and physical properties for lithium insertion due to nana morphologies and nanostructures . <br /> 2– Supercapacitors <br />Vanadium-oxides have the potential to be used in super capacitors . Because of the wide range of oxidation states and low cost, it is a popular choice. (Prasadam et al., 2019) <br />– the vanadium oxide increase capability for redox reactions in catalyst application . <br />- the nanostructured vanadium oxides show a good potential for completely novel applications such as Nano actuators and nonlinear optical transmission <br />- Due to its high coefficient of thermal resistance, vanadium(V) oxide finds use as a detector material in bolometers and microbolometer arrays for thermal imaging. It also finds application as an ethanol sensor in ppm. 6 - In optical applications such as the fabrication of laser crystals <br />7- In applications involving nanofibers and nanowires ,in the production of some alloys and ceramics(Kianfar, 2019) <br /><br />