Orthopedic Failure & Implants Requirement<br />Since the human life expectancy expands, so does the senior population, which is at a higher risk of acquiring chronic musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis. This is one of the world's most pressing health issues. Osteoporosis is characterized by a bone mineral density reduction normal level. It is caused by both aging and severe bone loss in women due to estrogen insufficiency. Arthroplasty (joint replacement) is a surgical procedure used to alleviate pain and restore joint functioning, hence enhancing the patient's quality of life when physiotherapy and analgesics are no longer effective in managing the disease.<br />Bone is indeed the second greatest frequently implanted tissue in the world, with four million procedures yearly utilizing bone substitutes or bone grafts for correct bone problems. Even so, existing therapeutic options are limited, and the clinical need for bone transplants is growing owing to diseases, including infection, trauma, arthritis, and cancer. The hip and knee joint is the body's most complex synovial joint. It almost entirely supports the body's weight. Consequently, prosthetic implants are becoming more necessary to treat bone-related disorders.<br />Bone replacements through implants are being studied and used in biomedical disciplines to enhance patient life quality. The bone misses its physical qualities over time, requiring revision surgery as demand rises. Biomedical implants suit bodily needs. Biomechanical (strength, stiffness, fracture toughness, wear resistance, corrosion protection, fatigue strength), and biological (cytotoxic, osseointegration, surface condition) properties seem to be essential for an implant. Biomechanical properties should match autogenous human tissues without harm. Effective implantation depends on the material characteristics utilized, the amount and quality of the tissue, as well as the way and how the implant connects to the bone. The biocompatibility of osseointegration, or the fusion of live bone to an artificial implant surface, is critical for preventing the need for further surgeries and ensuring the implants' viability over the long term. The ideal bone replacement materials would be osteoconductive, allowing the host bone to rapidly and completely replace the native bone. For use as an implant, the metal must achieve several requirements: (a) The chemical structure must be compatible with human tissue; (b) It must not corrode in the existence of aggressive bodily fluids; and (c) It needs to have sufficient mechanical properties, such as increased rigidity and strength close to the human bone to prevent wear or stress<br />