1.1 Introduction<br />In the past few years, researchers, engineers and manufacturers have <br />become increasingly interested in hydrophobic coatings because they <br />have many advantages as they are attractive for being self-cleaning and<br />anti- solvent resistant and many application as show in Fig. (1.1) , selfcleaning polymers are used as coat for commercials, doors , windows and<br />also when the appearance is required.<br />Polymers are used as a coating for different types of materials. They <br />can be used in the coating of ceramic tiles, floors and ceilings. Polymers <br />are also used as a blend with another types of polymers to strengthen the <br />desired polymer or to give the property of hydrophobicity for materials <br />that are more susceptible to water and air, especially the roofs of<br />buildings to get rid of moisture .It is also used as a coating for metals because metals are prone to <br />corrosion and damage and thus are coated with different types of coatings <br />depending on the type of application used as it reduces the corrosion in <br />them because they are essentially water repellent .<br /><br /><br />2.1 The Aim Of This Study<br /><br />This research aims to prepare polymeric nanocomposite coatings <br />have an anti-corrosion and self-cleaning properties as a coating for a<br />metal oil pipes<br />4.1 Applications of Hydrophobic Nano Composites Coatings<br /><br /><br />4.1.1 Anti- Corrosion Surfaces and Corrosion Resistance <br /><br />Corrosion is known as one of the most important problems in our <br />societies. Since this phenomenon brings about large damages, the increase of <br />surface corrosion resistance has attracted so much attention. Numerous <br />methods have been applied to prevent or reduce the corrosion rate of <br />surfaces.<br /><br />Recently hydrophobic Nano composites coatings are introduced to prevent <br />corrosion rate by applying on the whole range of metals such as aluminum <br />and steel . Corrosion is defined as a physiochemical reaction between <br />the metal surface and the environment, leading to a deterioration in the <br />properties of the metal and the outer surface is heavily influenced gradually <br />4.1.2 Self-cleaning Surfaces<br /><br />Self-cleaning surfaces have a large number of applications in everyday <br />life, agriculture, industry, and military industries. Recently, many methods <br />and strategies have been used to fabricate self-cleaning surfaces. Many of <br />the self-cleaning coatings such as glasses, tiles, and tissues have been <br />industrialized. Self-cleaning surfaces could be made using the hydrophobic <br />Surfaces<br /><br />4.1.3 Anti-icing Surfaces<br /><br />Formation of ice on the substrates exposed to the environment can <br />interfere the functioning of many industries, such as highways, aircraft, <br />shipping, and the communications equipment. Many of the strategies for <br />elimination of this problem involves removal of ice in the physical or <br />chemical form which causes damage and consumes so much energy. <br />Recently, hydrophobic surfaces on substrates of aluminum, copper and steel, <br />have been used to fix the problem. Due to the extraordinary properties of <br />hydrophobic surfaces, they can prevent the formation and accumulation of <br />ic5.1 Polymers used in hydrophobic coating<br /><br />There are many polymers that are used as hydrophobic coatings. They <br />are used in various fields, mainly in the application of self-cleaning coatings <br />and in the protection of metals from corrosion and wear for each polymer <br />has its own solvent according to the Table (1.1). After the polymer is <br />dissolved, the coating is applied by different coating methods such as <br />electroplating method, spraying, electrospinning or other known coating<br />methods .<br /> Sometimes two different polymers are blended in the coating to improve <br />the coating properties and to increase its strength or nanoparticles may be <br />used with the polymer solution that are similar to the polymer properties in <br />terms of hydrophobic characteristic .<br />Current work, polyvinyldiene fluoride (PVDF) was used as a coating <br />material to protect the metal used in oil pipelines from corrosion. The <br />coating was applied by spraying technique. This material has achieved good <br />corrosion resistance and water contact angle.<br />e on the surfaces<br />Hydrophobic nano composites coatings<br /><br />In recent years, manufacturers have become increasingly interested in <br />searching for water-based coatings because they contain many of the most <br />important advantages, such as self-cleaning, corrosion-resistant, wear <br />resistant and anti-icing .<br />Hydrophobic Surface is the capability of the surface which repel water <br />molecules is high and is determined by knowing the contact angle of the <br />surface , where the contact angle θ > 90 °. when the value exceeds 150 °, the <br />surface is defined as a super-hydrophobic surface while, with contact angle <br />less than 90 o<br />, the coating behaves as a hydrophilic surface<br /><br /><br /><br /><br />