A solid-state drive (SSD) is a solid-state storage device that uses integrated circuit assemblies to store data persistently. The SSDs replace traditional mechanical hard disks by using a simple memory chip called NAND flash memory, which has no moving parts and near-instant access times.However, seeing the outside of this memory storage, a microchip tells us little about how these SSDs can store tens of thousands of photos and files.The nanoscopic view shows structures called V-NAND that hold all the data in your computer. V-NAND or 3D V-NAND is a cell layer-stacking technology where multiple flash memory cell layers are stacked vertically and 3-dimensionally on a single NAND chip. Here is where the real magic happens.Every picture, message, and a bit of information gets saved as quantities of electrons inside these memory cells which are called charge trap flash. So how does it work? Well, in each cell we can store information by placing different levels of electrons onto a charge trap, which is the key component inside the memory cell. An older technology could only store two different levels of electrons, a lot of electrons or very few electrons, which were used to store a single bit as a 1 or a 0. However, engineers have been developing more finely tuned capabilities for trapping and measuring different amounts of electrons or charges onto the charge trap. Most memory cells in 2020 can hold 8 different levels, but newer technology can have 16 different levels of electrons. The key to the charge trap is that it is specially designed so that after it gets charged with electrons, it can hold onto those electrons for decades, which is how information is saved or written to the solid-state drive.