A viral dendritic ulcer is an eye infection that primarily affects the cornea, caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), most commonly HSV-1. This viral infection results in characteristic "dendritic" (branch-like) lesions on the cornea, leading to discomfort, pain, and potential vision problems if left untreated. While HSV-1 is the usual cause, HSV-2 can sometimes also lead to ocular herpes infections. Common symptoms of a viral dendritic ulcer include eye pain, redness, excessive tearing, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and a sensation of something foreign in the eye. Patients may also notice a distinct tree-like pattern on the corneal surface during a slit-lamp examination. The infection is often triggered by reactivation of dormant HSV, which can occur due to stress, illness, or a weakened immune system. Primary infection with HSV can also lead to initial eye involvement. People with previous eye injuries, contact lens use, or weakened immunity are at increased risk. Treatment focuses on antiviral medications to prevent the virus from replicating. Topical antivirals like trifluridine, ganciclovir, and acyclovir are commonly used, while oral antivirals such as acyclovir or valacyclovir may be prescribed for more severe infections. Pain management can be provided with NSAIDs or oral pain relievers. Steroids might be prescribed, but only with caution, as they can worsen the infection if used improperly.<br />Without proper treatment, complications like corneal scarring, recurrence of the infection, and permanent vision loss can occur. The virus tends to recur, and recurrent episodes can cause cumulative damage to the cornea. In severe cases, a corneal transplant may be necessary to restore vision. <br /><br /> To prevent viral dendritic ulcers, it is important to avoid triggers like sunlight, stress, or illness, and practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of HSV. Long-term antiviral suppressive therapy may help prevent recurrent outbreaks in individuals with frequent episodes. In conclusion, viral dendritic ulcers are a serious but treatable eye infection. Early diagnosis and treatment with antiviral medications are essential to prevent complications and preserve vision . <br /><br />“Al-Mustaqbal University is the top-ranked among private universities.”<br />