Hospital Design Foundations<br /><br />Hospital design is considered one of the most important spaces that need to be studied and understood well before starting to design it, as every country and state needs a certain number of hospitals and health centers because its first and primary goal is to provide types of treatment to patients “treatment, services and medical care<br />Types of hospitals in terms of specializations:<br />- General hospitals: (They contain all specializations and treat all diseases.)<br />- Specialized hospitals: (They specialize in certain types of diseases such as heart hospitals, neurological hospitals and cancer treatment hospitals and include general medicine and surgery in each type of hospital. They represent at least 120 beds.)<br />- Central hospitals: 200 beds (Include general medicine and general surgery in addition to various specializations such as obstetrics, ophthalmology, nose and throat)<br />- Central hospitals: More than 650 beds<br />- The same specializations as before in addition to urology, neurology, anatomy and medical tests.<br />- Major hospitals: more than 1000 beds<br /><br />Include centers for study and scientific research in addition to departments for psychiatric diseases, dermatology and venereal diseases, or surgery and orthodontics.<br /><br />Choosing the hospital site<br />There is a relationship between the area of ​​the land and the number of patient beds. 65 or 70 square meters are taken for each bed, and 10 square meters are taken for each bed as an area for gardens<br />-Avoid noise and crowded places and resort to the quietest locations surrounded by nature and trees, and also to facilitate the movement of patients and ease of access to the site, and also open the road for ambulances<br />-Ease of access for ambulances and multiple roads leading to the hospital, and also paving the road to withstand the speed of ambulances.-The site must be provided with public services such as drainage, electricity and telephone.<br />-The site must be connected to the main road networks and also provided with public transportation passing by the hospital to facilitate the movement of patients.<br />- Taking into account the possibility of future expansion.<br />-It is preferable to choose high places in the hospital site.<br />- Surrounding the site with a fence to separate the residential areas surrounding the hospital from the service areas affiliated with the hospital. The separating area can be equal to twice the height of the adjacent building.