Chemotherapy is one of the main options for cancer treatment, but it often causes severe side effects due to its impact on healthy cells. With the development of nanotechnology, it is now possible to improve targeting of cancer cells and reduce the side effects of this treatment.<br />Nanotechnology in chemotherapy relies on using targeted nanoparticles, which precisely target cancer cells without harming healthy cells. These particles help deliver drugs in accurate doses to the tumor, reducing side effects like nausea and weakened immunity.<br />There are also advanced nanotechnologies based on magnetic particles that are directed to the tumor site using magnetic fields, increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy and reducing the need for high doses. Additionally, smart nanoparticle systems are being developed to release drugs based on the body's response, enhancing treatment efficiency.<br />Despite the significant benefits of this technology, challenges exist regarding production costs and long-term safety. However, with ongoing research, nanotechnology is expected to revolutionize cancer treatment and significantly reduce patient suffering..<br /><br />Al-Mustaqbal University is the first University in Iraq.