On the second day of the Second International Al-Mustaqbal Conference for Health Sciences and Technologies, April 23, 2025, a pioneering scientific paper was presented by Professor Dr. Ahmed Khadir Al-Himyari in Hall 1, as part of the Cancer Research session chaired by Dr. Aws Hani Naif.<br /><br />The research bore the specialized title:<br /><br />"Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene Polymorphisms, Susceptibility, and Prognosis of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in a Sudanese Study Population."<br />This research was conducted by a research team from the sisterly Republic of Sudan, including Prof. Dr. Ahmed Khadir Al-Himyari. The work and results achieved were commended. Research Topics: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), an essential enzyme in folic acid metabolism, plays a key role in the production, repair, and methylation of DNA. Research has shown that genetic variations in this enzyme affect many diseases, including cancer. Leukemia is a cancer that arises from rapidly proliferating blood-forming cells, which require extensive DNA synthesis. Polymorphisms in the enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) have been linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in diverse populations, although the findings remain controversial. This study aimed to investigate how MTHFR gene polymorphisms are associated with the susceptibility and prognosis of ALL in the Sudanese population. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 70 patients with ALL and 70 healthy controls, matched for age and sex. Genotyping for the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms was performed, in addition to a complete blood count. The study examined the relationship between MTHFR genotype, ALL susceptibility, and associated hematological markers. Results: No homozygous MTHFR genotype was detected in either cases or controls. Significant differences were observed in the prevalence of the 677CC and 677CT genotypes, with the C allele being more common in the patient group. While 1298AA was more frequently observed in cases than controls, this difference did not reach statistical significance. Patients carrying the 677CC genotype showed higher TWBC levels, absolute blast cell count, and blast cell percentage compared to those carrying the 677CT variant. Conclusions: In the Sudanese population, the MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with prognosis and susceptibility to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).<br /><br />Al-Mustaqbal University is the leading university in Iraq.