Solar Energy Potential in Iraq and the Challenges of Implementation<br />Msc Shahad Amaar Hatem<br /><br />🎯 Relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):<br />Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy<br />Goal 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure<br />Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities<br />Goal 13: Climate Action<br />Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth<br /><br /><br /><br />Introduction:<br />Iraq has a unique geographic location that provides high solar radiation year-round, making it ideal for harnessing solar energy as a sustainable source. Given the ongoing challenges in the power sector, solar energy presents a strategic option for enhancing energy security and supporting sustainable development.<br />Solar Potential in Iraq:<br />High solar irradiance: 5 to 7 kWh/m² per day.<br />Long sunlight duration: 2800 to 3200 hours annually.<br />Vast land availability: Especially in desert areas suitable for large solar farms.<br />International interest and support: Active projects funded by global partners.<br />Applications of Solar Energy:<br />Electrification of rural and remote areas.<br />Agricultural water pumping systems.<br />Photovoltaic systems for households and institutions.<br />Integration with the national grid.<br />Challenges:<br />High upfront investment costs.<br />Weak and outdated electrical infrastructure.<br />Lack of skilled local labor in solar technology.<br />Unstable political and security situation.<br />Absence of clear renewable energy legislation.<br />Future Opportunities:<br />Training programs to build local technical expertise.<br />Technology transfer through international partnerships.<br />Upgrading the national power grid.<br />Incentive-based policies to attract investors.<br />Benefit from global drop in solar technology costs.<br />Conclusion:<br />Iraq holds great potential to lead in solar energy adoption in the region. Overcoming current barriers with smart planning and investment could ensure energy security and advance the country’s sustainable future.<br /><br />AL Mustaqbal University The First University in Iraq<br /><br />