Prepared by: Ms. Tabarak Ahmed Turki Al-Azzawi<br /><br />Introduction<br />Childhood obesity is one of the most significant health, due to its far-reaching effects on children’s health—particularly on kidney function. Excessive weight gain at an early age not only affects physical appearance or motor activity, but also leads to physiological changes that place additional strain on the kidneys, increasing the risk of developing chronic kidney disease in the future.<br />Causes of Childhood Obesity<br /> • Sedentary lifestyle: Lack of physical activity and prolonged screen time.<br /> • Unbalanced diet: Excessive consumption of foods high in fats and sugars.<br /> • Genetic factors: A family history of obesity.<br /> • Psychological and environmental factors: Such as stress, sleep disorders, or an environment that does not support physical activity.<br />How Does Obesity Affect the Kidneys?<br /> 1. Increased Renal Burden<br />Excess body fat forces the kidneys to work harder to filter the blood, which may lead to a condition known as glomerular hyperfiltration, an early step toward kidney damage.<br /> 2. High Blood Pressure<br />Obesity is a major factor in the development of hypertension, which in turn is a common cause of chronic kidney disease in children.<br /> 3. Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes<br />Diabetes damages the small blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to what is known as diabetic nephropathy.<br /> 4. Chronic Inflammation<br />Obesity causes chronic cellular inflammation that may, over time, negatively impact kidney tissues.<br />Prevention Methods<br /> • Encourage regular physical activity, such as walking, outdoor play, or sports.<br /> • Adopt a healthy and balanced diet, with reduced intake of sugars and processed foods.<br /> • Early monitoring of kidney function in obese children through regular medical check-ups.<br /> • Family and school awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle for children.<br /><br />Conclusion<br />Childhood obesity is not merely a superficial or social issue, but a genuine risk factor for chronic diseases, especially kidney diseases. Prevention starts with health awareness, early <br />intervention, and promoting healthy habits among children to avoid long-term health consequences for future generations.<br /><br />Al-Mustaqbal University ، The First University in Iraq