Digital identity has become one of the most prominent features of the modern era, providing individuals with fast and efficient access to government, educational, and financial services, thus simplifying daily life and enhancing digital participation.<br /><br />However, alongside these benefits come serious concerns regarding privacy and the potential for excessive surveillance. Through digital identity, individuals' identities can be verified automatically and seamlessly, facilitating processes such as logging into systems and conducting banking transactions. Yet, this process relies on collecting vast amounts of personal data, which raises the risk of misuse or excessive commercial exploitation of this information.<br /><br />The greatest threat lies in the ability to track individuals’ activities, behaviors, and preferences without their knowledge or consent, fueling growing concerns about the right to privacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for clear and strict legal frameworks that regulate the use of personal data and protect individuals from exploitation or unjustified surveillance.<br /><br />Additionally, digital identity systems must be designed based on the principle of "privacy by design," ensuring full transparency regarding how data is collected and used.<br /><br />Ultimately, digital identity remains a powerful tool for enabling digital empowerment, but it also carries the risk of becoming a means of surveillance if not managed responsibly and ethically.<br /><br />Al-Mustaqbal University The first University in Iraq.<br /><br />