Plants are among the most important natural factors contributing to climate regulation on Earth. They play a vital role in maintaining the balance of atmospheric gases, regulating temperatures, and improving air quality, making them an integral part of the ecosystem and climate.<br /><br />Carbon Dioxide Absorption<br />Plants, especially trees, absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere through photosynthesis. Plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This absorption reduces the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, thus contributing to mitigating global warming and the resulting climate change.<br /><br />Oxygen Production<br />During photosynthesis, plants produce oxygen, which is essential for the life of living organisms on Earth. The presence of balanced oxygen in the atmosphere ensures a stable ecosystem and climate.<br /><br />Cooling the Surrounding Environment<br />Plants contribute to cooling the surrounding air through transpiration, where water evaporates from their leaves into the atmosphere, lowering the air temperature. This effect is most evident in urban areas lacking green spaces, where temperatures are higher due to the lack of natural cooling.<br /><br />Maintaining the Water Cycle<br />Forests and vegetated areas play an important role in the water cycle. They increase atmospheric humidity and aid in cloud formation and rainfall. This contributes to maintaining the local climate and preventing land drought.<br /><br />Soil Stabilization<br />Plant roots stabilize the soil and prevent its erosion by wind or rain. This maintains soil balance and prevents the spread of dust, which can negatively impact air quality and climate.<br /><br />Plants play a key role in regulating the climate by absorbing greenhouse gases, producing oxygen, cooling the environment, and maintaining the water and soil cycle. Therefore, it is essential to preserve vegetation cover and increase green spaces to mitigate climate change and ensure the sustainability of life on planet Earth.<br /><br />Al-Mustaqbal University is the first university in Iraq.<br /><br />