Introduction:<br />Environmental crimes resulting from the release of toxic substances or industrial pollutants can be detected through their effects on living organisms at the site.<br /><br />Context:<br />Biological evidence includes:<br /><br />Death of fish or microorganisms in water<br /><br />Changes in the color or activity of plants<br /><br />Analyzing tissues of organisms to detect heavy metal or toxin concentrations<br /><br />Biological analysis includes:<br /><br />Examining genes affected by toxins<br /><br />Analysis of affected proteins<br /><br />Evaluating mutations or abnormalities resulting from pollution<br /><br />Forensic application:<br />The source of the pollutant can be identified and the responsible party held legally accountable. This is a field where forensic medicine intersects with environmental law.<br /><br />Conclusion:<br />Molecular biology offers the potential to uncover crimes against nature and humanity and is used as conclusive evidence in environmental courts.<br /><br />Al-Mustaqbal University the first university in Iraq<br />