Biochemistry is a pivotal scientific field for understanding biological processes at the molecular level, and it plays a growing role in supporting environmental, health, and economic sustainability goals. With the increase in global challenges such as climate change, complex pollutants, and resource scarcity, biochemistry has become a key tool for developing sustainable scientific solutions based on a deep understanding of biological interactions within living systems. 1. Biochemistry in Environmental Resource Management a. Bioremediation Environmental sustainability relies on the ability of natural systems to treat pollutants safely.Here, enzymes and microorganisms play an important role in: · Degrading polluting organic compounds such as hydrocarbons. · Removing heavy metals through biosorption. · Breaking down industrial dyes and pharmaceuticals in water. The biochemical understanding of proteins and enzymes helps improve the performance of these organisms and increase their efficiency in industrial and aquatic environments. b. Waste Management and Conversion into Useful Products Biological reactions allow the conversion of agricultural and food waste into: · Organic acids. · Biofuels. · Biodegradable biopolymers. All of which reduce emissions and support the circular economy. 2. Biochemistry in Sustainable Energy a. Biofuel Production Enzymes and microbes contribute to: · Breaking down cellulose and starches to produce bioethanol. · Developing biological methods for biohydrogen production. The biochemical understanding of metabolic pathways helps improve energy production and reduce waste. b. Enzymatic Fuel Cells These cells rely on enzymes capable of directly converting organic compounds into electricity,making them a promising technology for small, clean energy sources. 3. Biochemistry and Human Health within the Sustainability Framework Health sustainability aims to provide safe and effective treatments while reducing the environmental impact of the pharmaceutical industry. a. Developing Eco-Friendly Drugs Biochemistry contributes to: · Designing biosynthetic pathways for producing pharmaceutical compounds without toxic solvents. · Improving drug targeting to reduce doses and side effects. b. Biomaterials for Medical Applications For example: · Biological dressings made from natural polymers. · Ointments based on natural compounds with antibacterial efficacy. · Drug delivery systems based on biological nanoparticles. 4. Biochemistry in Sustainable Agriculture a. Biofertilizers These rely on bacteria and fungi capable of fixing nitrogen or solubilizing phosphates,reducing farms' dependence on chemical fertilizers. b. Biological Pest Control Using proteins or biological pathways that halt pest growth without affecting beneficial organisms or the soil. c. Crop Improvement Through engineering metabolic pathways to increase plant resistance to drought and salinity. 5. Biochemistry and Supporting the Green Economy This science contributes to the development of sustainable materials such as: · Biopolymers. · Purification materials based on proteins or enzymes. · Effective materials for removing dyes and pollutants from water, such as biological or enzymatic composites. These innovations support economic growth while reducing environmental impact. Conclusion Biochemistry plays a fundamental role in achieving sustainability by providing solutions based on the molecular understanding of life.Starting from pollutant treatment and clean energy production, through the development of sustainable medicines and more environmentally friendly agriculture, to supporting the green economy—this science represents the cornerstone in facing current environmental and health challenges. Al-Mustaqbal University is the first among Iraqi private universities