Accounting is one of the most important information systems in modern institutions, as it plays a pivotal role in recording and analyzing financial transactions and providing reliable data that help management, investors, and decision-makers evaluate performance and make appropriate decisions. Definition of Accounting Accounting is the science and art of recording, classifying, and summarizing financial transactions, then presenting them in the form of financial reports that help in understanding the financial position and the results of the economic activities of an entity during a specific period. Importance of Accounting The importance of accounting lies in its ability to provide accurate and objective information about the financial status of an institution, which contributes to: Evaluating financial and operational performance. Determining profitability and losses. Financial planning and preparing budgets. Providing reliable data for decision-makers regarding investment or financing. Accounting and Decision-Making Accounting plays a direct role in the decision-making process, as it provides management with data that help compare the available alternatives. For example, management can determine production costs and assess the feasibility of expanding or discontinuing a specific activity based on available accounting information. Accounting in Modern Institutions With digital development, accounting systems now rely on advanced software and electronic databases, which has helped reduce human errors, speed up the preparation of financial reports, and enhance the accuracy of data analysis. It has also become possible to use artificial intelligence tools to forecast financial activity and assess risks. Results By reviewing the role of accounting in modern institutions, the following results can be concluded: Accounting is an essential element in the success of financial management in any institution, as it provides reliable and objective data. Accurate accounting information contributes to improving the quality of decisions related to investment, financing, and operations. Technological advancements have accelerated accounting processes and reduced human errors, thereby enhancing the reliability of financial reports.