Climate change has become one of the most serious challenges facing humanity in the 21st century. It occurs as a result of the accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere—such as carbon dioxide and methane—which leads to abnormal rises in temperature and directly affects nature and human daily life. Impact of Climate Change on the Earth Rising temperatures cause the melting of glaciers at the poles, leading to an increase in sea and ocean levels. This change puts many coastal cities at risk of flooding in the near future. High temperatures also contribute to severe heat waves and changes in rainfall patterns, increasing the risk of drought and desertification in many regions, including the Middle East and North Africa. Impact on Humans and Daily Life Climate change directly affects agriculture and food security, as crop productivity declines due to water scarcity and drought. Storms and floods increase economic and health risks, causing damage to homes and infrastructure. Studies indicate that rising temperatures contribute to the spread of infectious diseases such as malaria and dengue fever in regions that were previously free of them. Global Efforts to Combat Climate Change Efforts to mitigate climate change include the use of clean energy sources such as solar and wind energy, as well as expanding afforestation to reduce carbon emissions. Governments also focus on improving water management, promoting sustainable environmental policies, and raising public awareness about the importance of environmental protection. Conclusion Climate change is a global issue that requires cooperation among all nations. Protecting the environment today is not optional—it is essential to ensure a safe and healthy life for future generations and to prevent the degradation of natural resources upon which humans and all living organisms depend. University of Al-Mustaqbal – The First University in Iraq