Water is a fundamental element in achieving environmental sustainability, as it represents the basis of life and a key driver of ecological balance and sustainable development. The role of water in environmental sustainability is reflected through several main aspects, including the following: 1. Maintaining Ecological Balance Water contributes to supporting various ecosystems, both terrestrial and aquatic, ensuring the continuity of life for living organisms. It also helps preserve biodiversity and maintain the stability of food chains. 2. Supporting Agriculture and Food Security Water is a vital resource for the agricultural sector, as agricultural production depends directly on the availability and quality of water. This, in turn, positively contributes to food security and economic sustainability. 3. Climate Regulation and Mitigating Climate Change Water bodies play an important role in regulating temperature and humidity. They also help mitigate the impacts of climate change by absorbing heat and reducing extreme climatic events. 4. Protecting Human and Environmental Health Clean water plays a crucial role in disease prevention and the protection of public health. Proper water management and treatment also contribute to reducing environmental pollution. 5. Supporting Sustainable Development Water is used across various vital sectors such as industry, energy, and transportation. Its rational and sustainable management ensures its availability for future generations while maintaining a balance between development needs and environmental protection. Zahraa Emad Al-Mustaqbal University The First University in Iraq.