Introduction
Standing water is one of the most prominent environmental and health problems facing many areas, especially in slums or neighborhoods with weak infrastructure. The presence of this water creates an ideal environment for the breeding of disease-carrying insects such as mosquitoes and flies, leading to the spread of diseases and the deterioration of the health of residents.
What is stagnant water?
It is water that collects in certain places for long periods without movement or drainage, such as:
• Pits and swamps.
• Flower pots and rooftops.
• Old tires and discarded tools.
• Uncovered ponds and drains.
Insects that breed in stagnant water
1. Mosquitoes
o Breed in stagnant water and lay their eggs.
o Transmit diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, Zika, and chikungunya.
2. Flies
o Breed in contaminated water and open sewers.
o Transmit intestinal diseases such as diarrhea, cholera, and typhoid.
3. Fleas and Ticks
o They find dampness a suitable environment for survival and reproduction.
o They may transmit skin or bacterial diseases.
Health Effects of Stagnant Water
• Increased spread of infectious diseases.
• Increased asthma and allergy cases due to dampness and mold.
• Higher mortality rates in poor areas during the rainy season.
• Deterioration of public and mental health due to constant anxiety about the spread of infection.
Real-Life Examples
In some cities lacking sanitation, stagnant rainwater has contributed to the spread of serious diseases such as dengue fever and malaria, prompting authorities to launch spraying campaigns and periodically monitor stagnant water in residential neighborhoods.
Conclusion
Standing water may seem simple and harmless, but it is in fact a dangerous source of insect pests and the spread of epidemics. Preventing it is a collective responsibility that begins at home and is complemented by the efforts of competent authorities to ensure a healthy and safe environment for all.
Al _ Mustaqbal University, the first university in Iraq
Prepared by: Shahad Nawras Abbas