Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges, threatening human life and environmental balance through rising temperatures, melting ice, increased natural disasters, and biodiversity loss. To address these challenges, big data and artificial intelligence (AI) have emerged as essential tools for effective and sustainable solutions.
Big data allows the collection of vast amounts of environmental and climate-related information from satellites, sensors, weather stations, and smart city systems. When analyzed with AI, this data enables accurate forecasting of climate events such as hurricanes, heatwaves, or floods, helping communities and governments prepare in advance and minimize human and economic losses.
AI also enhances energy efficiency by analyzing consumption patterns in industries and urban areas, offering strategies to reduce waste and cut carbon emissions. It supports the development of smart transportation networks, advances renewable energy systems, and enables real-time monitoring of pollutant emissions. Additionally, deep learning methods are applied to track deforestation and environmental degradation through satellite imagery, ensuring timely interventions for ecosystem protection.

These applications contribute directly to Sustainable Development Goal 13: Climate Action, by strengthening resilience to climate risks, reducing emissions, and ensuring more efficient management of natural resources. Thus, big data and AI do not only address climate change but also support a sustainable future for present and future generations.

Almustaqbal University, The First University in Iraq.