Freediving is a physically demanding sport that requires athletes to hold their breath for extended periods of time. During freediving, divers experience a number of physiological changes, including an increase in lactic acid levels. Lactic acid is a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism, which occurs when the body does not have enough oxygen to meet its energy demands.

The lactic acid threshold (LAT) is the point at which lactic acid production begins to increase rapidly. For freedivers, the LAT is an important physiological marker that can be used to assess their fitness and performance.

Factors that Affect the LAT

A number of factors can affect the LAT, including:

Fitness level: Fitter individuals have a higher LAT than less fit individuals.
Training: Training can increase the LAT.
Genetics: Genetics play a role in determining an individual's LAT.
Nutrition: Diet can affect the LAT.
Hydration: Hydration status can affect the LAT.
The LAT and Freediving Performance

The LAT is an important predictor of freediving performance. Freedivers with a higher LAT are able to hold their breath for longer periods of time.

Training to Increase the LAT

There are a number of training strategies that can be used to increase the LAT. These strategies include:

High-intensity interval training (HIIT): HIIT is a type of exercise that involves short bursts of intense activity followed by periods of rest. HIIT has been shown to be effective in increasing the LAT.
Endurance training: Endurance training is a type of exercise that involves sustained activity at a moderate intensity. Endurance training can also help to increase the LAT.
Strength training: Strength training can help to increase the LAT by improving muscle efficiency.
Conclusion

The LAT is an important physiological marker for freedivers. A number of factors can affect the LAT, including fitness level, training, genetics, nutrition, and hydration. Training can be used to increase the LAT and improve freediving performance.

References

Acevedo, L. M., & Rocha, L. (2014). The role of lactic acid in exercise: A brief review and update. Sports Medicine, 44(12), 1157-1169.
Buono, M. J., et al. (2010). Effects of hypoxic training on blood lactate and performance in freediving. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 109(5), 803-810.
Lemaitre, F., et al. (2011). Blood lactate thresholds in elite and recreational freedivers. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(11), 2523-2529.
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