Introduction The kidneys play a fundamental role in regulating the balance of fluids and electrolytes within the body, relying on an adequate amount of water to maintain blood flow and remove waste products. Dehydration is a common condition that occurs when the body loses more water than it takes in, affecting many vital bodily functions, especially kidney function. Therefore, understanding the relationship between dehydration and its impact on kidney health is essential. The Relationship Between Dehydration and Kidney Health Dehydration leads to a reduced volume of blood flowing to the kidneys, which decreases the glomerular filtration rate—the primary indicator of kidney function. This reduction limits the kidneys’ ability to remove waste and toxins from the body, causing their accumulation in the bloodstream. Additionally, dehydration increases urine concentration, raising the likelihood of salt precipitation and kidney stone formation. Furthermore, dehydration causes urine to become more viscous, hindering its normal flow and increasing the risk of urinary tract infections that can negatively affect kidney health. These changes also impact the mechanisms of reabsorption and secretion within the renal tubules, leading to an imbalance in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis in the body. ⸻ Conclusion It is evident that dehydration poses a direct threat to kidney function and increases the risk of various health complications such as stone formation and urinary tract infections. Therefore, maintaining proper hydration and drinking adequate amounts of water are critical factors in preserving kidney health and ensuring its proper functional performance. Adopting healthy fluid intake habits contributes to preventing the potential damage caused by dehydration and supports overall internal body balance. Al-Mustaqbal University The First University in Iraq