Introduction Metabolic processes are among the most essential biological activities occurring within living cells, as they ensure the continuous supply of energy required to perform various vital functions. Biochemistry represents the scientific foundation for understanding these processes, as it explains the organized chemical reactions that take place inside the cell to maintain biological balance. مفهوم الأيض (Metabolism) Metabolism refers to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism. It is divided into two main types: Anabolism: A set of reactions in which complex molecules are synthesized from simpler ones with the consumption of energy. Catabolism: A group of reactions in which complex molecules are broken down to release the energy required by the cell. Role of Enzymes in Metabolic Reactions Enzymes play a central role in accelerating biochemical reactions without being consumed during the process. They function by lowering the activation energy, allowing reactions to proceed rapidly and efficiently. Any disruption in enzyme activity can lead to metabolic disorders that may cause various diseases. Regulation of Metabolic Pathways Metabolic pathways are characterized by precise regulation that ensures balance within the cell. This regulation occurs through: Control of enzyme activity Hormonal effects Availability of substrates and end products Such regulation prevents energy waste and maintains cellular homeostasis. Importance of Biochemistry in the Medical Field Understanding metabolic pathways helps explain many diseases, such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, and liver diseases. It also contributes to the development of pharmaceutical treatments and improves laboratory diagnostic methods. Conclusion Biochemistry plays a crucial role in explaining metabolic processes, which form the basis of life. Advances in this field contribute significantly to improving healthcare and expanding scientific research in medical and biological sciences. Al-Mustaqbal University Ranked First Among Private Iraqi Universities