Lipoproteins such as HDL and LDL are responsible for transporting cholesterol necessary for the formation of neuronal membranes and myelin, the insulating sheath surrounding nerve fibers. A deficiency or dysfunction of lipoproteins can affect membrane stability and lead to neuronal cell death. Support of Neural Transmission: Cholesterol is essential for synapse formation and the transmission of nerve impulses. Alterations in lipoprotein levels may disrupt communication between neurons. Lipoproteins and Neurological Diseases Studies indicate a relationship between lipoproteins and several neurological disorders, such as: Alzheimer’s Disease: The apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) variant increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease due to the accumulation of harmful proteins (amyloid-beta) in the brain. Elevated LDL or reduced HDL levels may accelerate neuronal damage. Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases: The accumulation of harmful lipoproteins may lead to cerebral atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of Stroke or reduced cerebral perfusion. Other Neurodegenerative Diseases: Lipid imbalance contributes to disorders such as Parkinson's disease and certain types of neuropathy. Mechanisms of Action Oxidative Stress: Elevated harmful lipoproteins increase the production of free radicals, leading to neuronal damage. Neuroinflammation: Lipid and cholesterol accumulation triggers inflammatory responses within the brain. Alterations in Cell Membranes: Changes membrane fluidity, thereby affecting receptor function and neural signaling. Lipoproteins play a dual role in the nervous system: they are essential for maintaining neuronal health and function, yet they may also contribute to the progression of neurological diseases when their levels are imbalanced or when specific genetic variants such as ApoE4 are present. Therefore, understanding the role of lipoproteins opens the door to developing preventive and therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders. Al-Mustaqbal University – The First University in Iraq.
  الهدف الرابع : التعليم الجيد