CRISPR-Cas9 is considered one of the most groundbreaking technologies in modern molecular biology. It enables precise genome editing by cutting DNA at specific target locations. Mechanism of Action CRISPR consists of: Guide RNA (gRNA) Cas9 enzyme Target DNA sequence The guide RNA directs Cas9 to a specific DNA sequence, where it creates a double-strand break. The cell then repairs the break, allowing scientists to delete, insert, or modify genes. Medical Applications Treatment of sickle cell disease Cancer immunotherapy Correction of inherited genetic mutations Future Perspectives CRISPR may revolutionize gene therapy by enabling personalized medicine, early mutation correction, and potential cures for previously untreatable diseases Al-Mustaqbal University – the first university in Iraq.
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