Artificial Intelligence and Online Violence Against Women The widespread adoption of AI-powered digital technologies has significantly transformed communication patterns; however, it has also contributed to emerging risks, particularly the rise of online violence against women. Artificial intelligence tools are sometimes misused to generate abusive content, manipulate images and videos, or spread disinformation for harassment, defamation, or extortion purposes. One of the most concerning forms of AI-enabled abuse is the use of deepfake technology to create non-consensual explicit images or videos, causing severe psychological and social harm to victims. Data-driven algorithms can also be exploited to target women through coordinated harassment campaigns or threatening messages across digital platforms. This darker dimension demonstrates how AI can reinforce gender-based violence in virtual spaces. Conversely, AI can also serve as a protective tool. Major technology companies such as Meta and Microsoft deploy automated systems to detect and remove hate speech and harassment more efficiently than manual moderation alone. Natural language processing techniques are increasingly used to identify harmful patterns before they escalate. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including algorithmic inaccuracies, risks of content misclassification, and concerns regarding privacy and freedom of expression. Weak regulatory frameworks in some regions further complicate victim protection and accountability. Addressing online violence against women therefore requires a comprehensive approach that combines technological innovation, legal reform, and digital literacy initiatives. In this context, artificial intelligence is not neutral; its societal impact depends on how it is designed, governed, and ethically deployed.