Asst. Lect. Hamid Khalaf Mattar, a faculty member in the Department of English Language and Literature at the College of Arts and Human Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, has published a scientific article titled "What is the Difference Between the Mother Tongue and the French Language?". The study provides a comparative linguistic analysis highlighting the fundamental differences between Arabic (the mother tongue) and French in terms of historical origins and structural systems. In his study, Asst. Lect. Hamid Khalaf explains that Arabic is an ancient Semitic language based on a tri-consonantal root system and a unique phonetic structure. In contrast, French is a Romance language derived from Latin. The article highlights key distinctions in writing systems; Arabic is written from right to left using its own script, while French uses the Latin alphabet and is written from left to right. The researcher also pointed out the differences in grammatical complexity and structure, noting that Arabic possesses a complex structural system involving verbs, nouns, and particles, whereas French features a structure more similar to other European languages. The article concludes that mastering these two languages requires separate study due to their radical differences in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.
  مقارنة حول خصائص اللغتين العربية والفرنسية