Adsorption technology represents an effective solution for water pollution problems. This paper investigates the latest adsorbent materials and adsorption techniques used in water treatment, with a focus on practical applications and economic feasibility. 1. Advanced Adsorbent Materials A. Nanomaterials · Metal oxide nanoparticles · Carbon nanotubes · Graphene and graphene oxides B. Hybrid Materials · Organic-inorganic compounds · High porosity materials · Functional materials 2. Adsorption System Design A. Batch Systems · Design of discontinuous reactors · Kinetic and dynamic studies · Optimization of operating conditions B. Continuous Column Systems · Adsorption column design · Breakthrough curve modeling · Optimization of operating conditions 3. Feasibility Studies A. Economic Analysis · Cost of adsorbent materials · Operation and maintenance costs · Life cycle analysis B. Environmental Assessment · Environmental impact assessment · Carbon footprint analysis · Sustainability evaluation 4. Practical Case Studies A. Heavy Metal Removal · Applications in mining industries · Industrial wastewater treatment · Results and challenges B. Organic Pollutant Removal · Sewage water treatment · Pesticide and pharmaceutical removal · Protection of water resources 5. Conclusion Advanced adsorption technologies represent a sustainable and effective solution for water pollution problems. Through optimal design and innovative materials, high treatment efficiency can be achieved while maintaining economic feasibility. Al-Mustaqbal University, The First University in Iraq.