Bullying in schools is considered a negative phenomenon that affects students' psychological and social development, hindering the creation of a safe and encouraging learning environment. Bullying is defined as any repeated aggressive behavior by an individual or a group towards another student, whether verbal, physical, psychological, or through digital platforms. This phenomenon is no longer just an educational issue but has become a legal and social concern that requires intervention by relevant authorities to establish a legal framework protecting students and ensuring their rights. In Iraq, educational legislation and related laws have paid attention to reducing negative behaviors within schools, including bullying. The Education Law No. 89 of 2017, In Article 45, states that "schools shall take the necessary measures to protect students from any abuse or violence within the educational institution, and administrative bodies have the authority to take appropriate disciplinary measures against violators." In addition, school disciplinary instructions include provisions specifying penalties for any behavior that harms students or the school environment, including verbal and physical bullying. Legal regulations do not only focus on penalties but also emphasize prevention and awareness. Laws oblige schools to organize educational programs for students and teachers about the effects of bullying and how to deal with It. These laws also encourage the establishment of special committees to handle complaints, ensuring that bullying cases are addressed quickly and effectively, thereby enhancing students’ sense of safety. The Impact of these regulations on the educational environment is significant, as they help create an atmosphere of mutual respect between students and teachers. When students feel legally protected and confident that any violations against them will face strict consequences, their sense of trust and security within the school increases. Strict enforcement of the law also promotes school discipline, reduces aggressive behavior, and supports academic focus as well as students’ personal and social development. However, the effectiveness of these regulations largely depends on their practical implementation by school administrations and educational staff, as well as students’ and parents’ awareness of the importance of reporting any bullying incidents. Cooperation among legal authorities, schools, and families remains essential to ensure a safe and healthy educational environment, free from violence and bullying, where every student can fully benefit from learning opportunities. In conclusion, legal regulations against bullying in schools form a fundamental pillar for protecting students and enhancing the educational environment. Yet, their success requires strict enforcement, increased awareness, and the active participation of the entire school community in prevention and response efforts. Al-Mustaqbal University – the first university in Iraq.
  SDG4