Biology plays a vital role in modern forensic science, as it significantly contributes to crime investigation, evidence analysis, and identifying perpetrators. Forensic science relies on biological principles to examine biological traces left at crime scenes, such as blood, saliva, hair, and tissues. One of the most important applications of biology in forensic science is DNA analysis. DNA is used to identify individuals with a high degree of accuracy, whether they are suspects or victims. Because DNA is unique to each person, it is considered strong and reliable evidence in courts of law. Biology is also essential in bloodstain pattern analysis, which helps investigators understand how a crime occurred, including the direction of force and the type of weapon used. In addition, microbiology plays a role in detecting toxins, bacteria, and viruses that may have caused death. Another important biological field used in forensics is forensic entomology, which involves studying insects found on corpses to estimate the time of death. In conclusion, the integration of biology and forensic science forms a strong scientific foundation that supports justice systems and helps uncover the truth through reliable and accurate methods. Al-Mustaqbal University – the first university in Iraq.
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