The Dean of the College wrote a scientific article entitled "The Conceptual Framework for Classifying Human Rights and its Relationship to Political and Human Geography." Human rights are multi-dimensional concepts, as their legal, social, political, and geographical structures intertwine. This has led to a diversity of classifications addressed by legal and human studies. Understanding human rights is not limited to their legal dimension but extends to their geographical dimension, as geography is a factor influencing the practice of these rights, their limits, and the extent of their activation within the geographical territory of the state. First Branch: Classification of Human Rights into Political Rights and Civil Rights in the Geographical Framework of the State First: Political Rights and their Relationship to Political Geography Political rights are defined as those rights granted by law to individuals as members of a specific political group within a specific geographical region, enabling them to participate in the management of public affairs of the state. Among the most prominent of these rights are the right to vote and the right to stand for election. Political rights are closely linked to the political geography of the state, as they are exercised within the boundaries of the geographical territory subject to its sovereignty and are granted only to citizens holding its nationality. This is because these rights affect national sovereignty, which is exercised within a specific geographical scope, and their effects are reflected in the organization and distribution of political power among the residents of this region. Geographical characteristics, such as population distribution, population density, and administrative divisions, also affect the mechanisms of exercising political rights, such as the organization of electoral districts, the locations of polling centers, and the representation of urban and rural areas. Second: Civil Rights and their Relationship to Human Geography Civil rights, on the other hand, are the rights that are established for individuals outside the scope of political participation, and are recognized for them in conjunction with their human status and their daily activity in society. These rights include the right to life, freedom, human dignity, inviolability of the home, and freedom of movement. Civil rights are directly related to human geography, as their practice is affected by place factors, such as the level of development, the nature of the residential environment, and the disparity between urban and rural areas. Second Branch: Contemporary Systematic Classification of Human Rights in Light of the Geographical Dimension First: Civil and Personal Rights in the Geographical Sphere These are the rights that are established for a person merely because of their existence within human society, and they are considered rights inherent to the person that cannot be separated from them, such as the right to life, physical integrity, human dignity, inviolability of the home, freedom of movement, and personal safety. Al-Mustaqbal University is the first among private universities.
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