Amid growing environmental and economic challenges, sustainable consumption has become a fundamental pillar for balancing human needs with the planet’s capacity to regenerate. In this context, civil legislation emerges as a powerful legal tool to guide individual and collective behavior toward more conscious and responsible consumption patterns.<br /><br />Civil laws, which govern legal relationships between individuals and businesses, play an indirect yet vital role in promoting sustainable consumption. This is achieved through the regulation of contracts, consumer protection laws, and the enforcement of transparency in transactions. For instance, civil contracts can include clauses mandating the use of eco-friendly products or requiring suppliers to utilize recyclable materials.<br /><br />Consumer protection laws also play a key role in enabling individuals to make informed purchasing decisions. These laws ensure that consumers have access to accurate information about products—such as their origin, environmental impact, and energy efficiency—thus encouraging green and mindful consumption.<br /><br />This issue is directly tied to Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG 12): Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. Achieving this goal requires legal frameworks that reduce waste, promote recycling, and incentivize markets to offer more sustainable products and services.<br /><br />Therefore, empowering civil legislation not only reinforces fairness in contractual relationships, but also fosters a societal culture based on respect for natural resources, responsible consumption, and long-term environmental thinking.<br /><br />Al-Mustaqbal University the first university of Iraq .