بحوث سكوبس — عصام محمد عبد الرضا

This study aims to shed light on the concept of green economy and its role in driving sustainable development indicators in Iraq for the period 2005–2021, as the transition of the concept from a narrow relative concept to a broad concept includes many new patterns of consumption and production as well as a clean environmental atmosphere. The researcher combined the analytical approach to show the impact of the green economy on some sustainable development indicators in Iraq. The inductive approach used a modern metric model based on the autoregressive distributed lagging (ARDL) methodology. Sustainable development indicators in Iraq for the period 2005–2021 were used as a measure of sustainable development using sustainable secondary data from international development reports. The results show a significant long-term inverse relationship between the sustainable development index and the average carbon dioxide emissions index per capita. There is a significant long-term positive relationship between the indicators of the relative importance of the agricultural sector, the area of arable land, the total revenues of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and sustainable development indicators. The results also show a long-term insignificant association between the forest area index and the sustainable development index. This research introduces a novel approach to assessing the green economy in Iraq and examines its influence on the sustainable development index. It examines the possible social and economic ramifications of shifting from traditional to green GDP, including the immediate economic drawbacks and the policy modifications required to facilitate this transition. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

This research presents an advanced credit scoring framework tailored for underbanked populations by integrating deep neural networks with fairness-optimized learning and multimodal financial-behavioral data. Utilizing transformer-based temporal embedding and enriched mobile usage signals, the model was validated across segmented datasets, including utility records, telecom metadata, and e-wallet transaction logs. It consistently achieved classification accuracies above 98.47%, with F1-scores up to 0.94 and fairness indices reaching 0.93 across protected groups. Compared to conventional models, the framework reduced disparate impact by over 22% and enhanced transparency through SHAP visualizations and attention-layer relevance profiling. The synergy of behavior-driven embedding, demographic stratification, and bias-mitigation techniques enabled precise credit risk differentiation across borrower strata. Unlike traditional scoring systems that rely on static financial histories, the proposed solution maintained sub-2 second epoch training efficiency, supporting real-time deployment. Its modular architecture ensures adaptability across geographies and lender contexts, fostering scalable, equitable, and explainable decision-making in inclusive digital finance. © 2025 IEEE.

Due to the extensive energy usage derived from oil and fossil fuels, excessive fuel import levels have recently become an international concern. This issue deserves the attention of researchers and regulators. Consequently, this study examines the influence of electricity production from oil sources (EPOR), fossil fuel energy consumption (FFEC), energy use, industrialization, and population growth on oil and fuel imports in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) fuel economies. From 2011 to 2020, the article uses data from a secondary source such as World Development Indicators (WDI). Methods of Moments-Quantile-Regression (MMQR) were used to evaluate the relationship between the constructs in this research. EPOR, FFEC, energy consumption, industrialization, and population growth were found to have a positive relationship with oil and fuel imports in FSU fuel economies. The article guides designing laws to reduce oil and fuel imports by limiting oil and fuel-derived energy use. © 2022. AgBioForum

The Iraqi economy is affected by the changes taking place in oil prices, due to its entire property. The study attempted to show the impact of oil revenues as constituting the greatest percentage of public revenues, on international reserves held by the Iraqi central bank for the period from (2003-2018). The relationship was estimated using the regular least squares method (OLS) and using the Engle methodology to test the joint integration and the study concluded that oil revenues are associated with international reserves with a strong direct relationship, whether in the long or short run. © 2021, Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal. All Rights Reserved.