بحوث سكوبس — سعد مطشر عباس

This paper presents a new vision for a detection-decision process in radar and communications, utilizing artificial intelligence algorithms instead of conventional decision processes based on correlations. The correlation process is a mathematical relationship between transmitted and received signals. However, the main problem in the decision-process correlation is the change in the received signal caused by the field of operation. Intelligent detection (correlator) has been used to improve the detection process in the decision stage. Random Forest (RF), AdaBoost, and XGBoost classifiers are among the most suitable algorithms examined for the Golay coded signal. The accuracy of the intelligent detection in the decision process is related to the selected features and intelligent algorithms. This work has revealed that intelligent detection makes more accurate decisions than ordinary ones by 15–17%, according to the signal code, and the complexity has been reduced by 7.5%, according to the selected features. © 2026 by Begell House, Inc. www.begellhouse.com

Mobility impairments significantly challenge independence and quality of life, especially for individuals who rely on wheelchairs. Recent advances in intelligent control systems for electric wheelchairs aim to address these challenges by enabling hands-free operation using biomedical signals. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of control strategies that utilize physiological and biological signals—such as head movements, voice commands, electroencephalogram, electrooculography, and electromyography—for wheelchair navigation. The study categorizes and compares these systems based on input modality, signal type, adaptability, and integration with soft computing techniques. Key findings highlight the strengths of multimodal approaches, the challenges posed by signal noise and user fatigue, and the need for improved real-world validation. By synthesizing the current research landscape, this review identifies future research directions focused on enhancing usability, safety, and accessibility in smart wheelchair technologies. © by the authors. Licensee TAETI, Taiwan. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).

Many individuals with severe physical disabilities face difficulties in controlling electric wheelchairs due to reliance on manual input methods such as joysticks, which are impractical for users with limited mobility. This study aims to develop a real-time, cost-effective, and non-invasive system that enables hands-free wheelchair control using head movement detection. The proposed system leverages a Raspberry Pi, a camera, and Dlib’s facial landmark detection to track specific facial points (27 and 28), accurately detecting head tilts and turns. Unlike existing solutions that rely on expensive or invasive sensors, this approach ensures accessibility while maintaining high accuracy. The system was tested under various conditions, achieving 99.8% accuracy, demonstrating its reliability and practicality. The presented research has developed affordable assistive technology to improve the independent movement capabilities for disabled people. The research highlights practical deployment possibilities that lead to better developments in adaptive wheelchair control systems. © 2025 The authors. This article is published by IIETA and is licensed under the CC BY 4.0 license

The demand for new wireless services within frequency bands has increased due to the exponential growth of wireless communication, leading to issues related to spectrum scarcity. This paper proposes a hybrid technique-based Spectrum Sensing (SS) algorithm. The traffic signal filtering component of the method utilizes the cosine law in conjunction with the Welch algorithm for segmentation. It incorporates various 5G waveforms, including Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM), Filtered Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (F-OFDM), Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC), Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), and Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC). The (SS) system achieves a false alarm rate of less than 0.05, a detection probability (Pd) greater than 0.95, and a system error probability of less than 0.09%. Key metrics are used to evaluate the algorithm's performance, and simulation results demonstrate its capability to distinguish between different types of 5G signals. © 2025 CCIS.

Piezoresistive pressure sensors have transformed biomedical applications, enabling precise diagnostics and monitoring. This concise review explores the fundamental principles, key components, and fabrication techniques of piezoresistive pressure sensors, focusing on critical performance metrics such as sensitivity, accuracy, and response time. Biomedical design challenges, including biocompatibility and long-term stability, are examined, offering insights into solutions for optimal sensor integration. In diverse biomedical applications, piezoresistive pressure sensors play pivotal roles, from blood pressure monitoring to implantable medical devices. The paper emphasizes their versatility in enhancing patient care through continuous and accurate monitoring. Looking forward, the review discusses emerging trends and potential research directions, positioning piezoresistive pressure sensors as central contributors to the future of biomedical technology, promising improved patient outcomes and advanced healthcare delivery through precise and continuous monitoring. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.

The shift towards cars electric vehicle (EVs) plays a role in the global effort to combat climate change by reducing dependence on fossil fuels. An important part of this shift involves creating user EV charging systems. This study looks into how a connected coil design in a wireless power transfer system can help overcome challenges in EV charging when dealing with varying loads. We examine how well the system performs under load resistances that mimic states of charge and battery capacities in EVs. By assessing the stability of output voltage and efficiency of power transfer across these loads we focus on maintaining resonance within the system. Our findings show that the LCCL to LC WPT system maintains efficiency in power transfer 50–94% when coupling coefficient change (0–0.9) at load resistance 3 Ω and stable output voltage when facing changes in load resistance 1–4.5 Ω. This suggests that the system is resilient against load variations, which’s crucial for real world EV charging situations. This research supports the potential of WPT systems as an efficient solution to meet the evolving demands of EV infrastructure leading towards increased adoption of EVs and a sustainable future for transportation. © 2024, Politechnika Lubelska. All rights reserved.

Tissue engineering, a burgeoning multidisciplinary field, seeks to repair or replace damaged tissues and organs by leveraging engineering and biological principles. Central to the advancement of this field is the ability to monitor tissue growth in real-time. This necessitates the use of implantable devices, such as sensors, which need to be powered. Traditional power sources, like batteries, could impede tissue growth and tissue damage, making Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) an attractive alternative. This study delves into detail the design and evaluation of coil configurations for RF wireless power transmission applied to tissue monitoring. Specifically, the contrast of the performance metrics between two coil designs: one featuring four circular coils and another blending three square coils with one circular coil. The analyses revealed that while both configurations experience diminished performance as the distance between transmitter and receiver increases, the efficiency for four circular coils at a distance of 30 mm is 25%, and for three square coils and one circular coil is 45%, and their efficiencies vary distinctly. Circular coils showcased higher power transfer efficiency and biocompatibility, whereas a combination of square and circular coils extended the transmission distance. Our findings illuminate the interplay between coil design and WPT performance, offering invaluable insights for developing implantable devices tailored for real-time tissue growth monitoring. This study propels the design endeavors in WPT and positions itself as a pivotal reference for applications in wound healing, organ transplantation, and drug testing. © 2024 Seventh Sense Research Group.

With the exponential growth of wireless communications, there is a great need for innovative telecommunication services throughout the frequency ranges where the present scarcity of spectrum might be addressed. As a result, to enhance the use of spectrum, a Fifth generation -MIMO CR system of communication that utilizes the spectrum sense (SS) methodology was developed. Based on the two-stage method, this suggested SS algorithm uses a two-stage approach: first, it filters the traffic signal using the Cosine law, and then it applies the Welch algorithm to enable segmentation. In addition, wave forms for filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), universal filtering multi-carrier (UFMC), filtered-orthogonal multiplexing with frequency division (F-OFDM), as well as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) are included here (GFDM). Evaluations of the computational difficulty and other operational factors, including SNR, antenna count, power, as well as signal span, were also conducted. A remarkable accomplishment was observed for the parameters with SNR values less than 0 dB, minimal difficulty, global identification percentage > 99% ,global false alarm a likelihood < 0.0 7%;, universal system error a likelihood < 0.0 5%, according to the simulation findings. The factors of the suggested system were evaluated, indicating its superiority over other systems that had already been established. It was discovered that this system could recognize not just one form of5G signal, but all of them. Keywords: MIMO, 5G, computational complexity, spectrum sensing (ss) © 2024 IEEE.

one of the successful machine learning methods that has been used in many different applications is the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. The selection of membership function type is fundamental to ANFIS performance, as it has the greatest impact on the accuracy and computing complexity of the ANFIS-based model that is created. To assist researchers in selecting the appropriate membership functions for their ANFIS models, an in-depth investigation is desperately needed. One of the essential membership functions used in the ANFIS system is the exponential function. Thus, the function of the exponential membership function is investigated in this paper. Improved implementations of this function are becoming more and more needed, as the current methods have high time and space needs. Consequently, a new, more effective solution is developed in this study using a partial exponential function reduction technique. The FPGA platform Spartan-3A DSP 3400A is used to implement this method. With 28 look-up tables (LUTs) and 25 occupied slices, it is shown that this exponential function implementation provides precise performance with little space use. In addition, the method uses just one clock cycle while achieving a high throughput. The results show that the suggested approach performs better than earlier techniques. © 2023 IEEE.

Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is today's common control and decision-making system. ANFIS is used in several applications related to control, intelligence fields, and biomedical systems. The ANFIS consists of five layers in which the first layer contains the membership function (MF), such as Gaussian, Trapezoidal, bell, sigmoidal, D-sigmoidal, and P-sigmoidal membership functions. The FPGA-based hardware implementations of these membership functions are quite difficult and occupy huge logic elements. This study implements the triangular membership function based on FPGA using five different techniques. Comparing the proposed approaches, the one with the symmetrical property, consuming 52 LUTs and 32 occupied slices, yielded the best results. According to the results obtained, this approach has the lowest hardware resource utilization compared to the other proposed designs and compared to the results demonstrated in the literature. © 2023 IEEE.