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Scopus Research — Forat Hamzah Abed Kadum

Physics Science • Physics Science

124 Total Research

1266 Total Citations

2026 Latest Publication

6 Publication Types

Showing 124 research papers

2026

6 papers

Acrolein detection in gaseous, aqueous, and oil phases through CaO, MgO, and BeO nanocages based on DFT

2026

Batoo K.M.; Sharma P.; Farzik Ijaz M.; Kumar A.; Kazmi S.W.; Alsultany F.H.; Alalaq I.S.; Sattar R.; Abdulhussain M.A.; Alhadrawi M.

Computational and Theoretical Chemistry , Vol. 1256

1 citations Article English ISSN: 2210271X

King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P. O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303012, India; Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P. O. Box-800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacy, Arka Jain University, Jharkhand, Jamshedpur, 831001, India; Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjeri, Punjab, Mohali, 140307, India; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Dentistry, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, (Maysan), Iraq; Department of Dentistry, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq; Department of dentistry, Mazaya University College, Iraq; Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Techniques, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq

This paper reports a Density Functional Theory (“DFT”) assessment of “CaO”, “MgO”, and “BeO” nanocages for acrolein (“AC”) detection, analyzing various adsorption configurations and Frontier Molecular Orbital (“FMO”) variations. The calculated interaction strength follows the order “AC”@”CaO" > “AC”@”MgO" > “AC”@”BeO". Electrical conductivity analysis reveals that the “BeO” nanocage possesses the maximum conductivity, surpassing “MgO” and “CaO”. The optimization of “AC” desorption recovery time was also performed. Crucially, the analysis of complexes in different media demonstrated that structural stability is significantly higher in aqueous media (ΔG_W analysis) compared to the oily phase (ΔG_O), confirming efficient capture across gaseous, aqueous, and oily phases. The investigation of “HOMO-LUMO" levels and the energy gap further substantiates the viability of these oxide nanocages as high-performance sensors for toxic “AC” molecules. © 2025

Keywords: Acrolein Adsorption BeO nanocages CaO nanocages Density functional theory MgO nanocages

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 115594 | EID: 2-s2.0-105024199970

Phosphoric acid-activated carbon derived from Ziziphus seed waste for crystal Violet removal: insights from experiments and molecular dynamics simulations

2026

Aljeboree A.M.; Hussein U.A.-R.; Alkaim A.F.; Abd S.; Alsultany F.H.; Altimari U.S.

Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society , Vol. 23 (1)

1 citations Article English ISSN: 1735207X

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy/University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Science, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

The development of low-cost and sustainable adsorbents for dye removal is a critical step toward efficient wastewater treatment. In this study, activated carbon (ACZS) was synthesized from Ziziphus seed waste (ZS) via H₃PO₄ chemical activation under different acid-to-biomass ratios (0.5:1–3:1 w/w) and activation temperatures (300–600 °C). The optimal conditions (2:1 ratio at 400 °C) yielded activated carbon with an amorphous structure, a BET surface area of 33.44 m²/g, and a porous morphology, which contributed to its high adsorption performance. The characterization techniques used in this study include Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Batch adsorption experiments revealed that removal efficiency was strongly influenced by pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, and temperature. The maximum adsorption capacity was 566.92 mg/g, with a removal efficiency of 94.23% at pH 6 and a crystal violet (CV) concentration of 200 mg/L. Adsorption performance decreased with increasing temperature and higher dye concentrations, but improved with increased adsorbent dosage and extended contact times. Isotherm analysis showed that the adsorption followed the Freundlich model, indicating multilayer adsorption, while the pseudo-second-order model best described kinetic data. Thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔG, ΔS) confirmed that the adsorption process was exothermic and spontaneous. Furthermore, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated that CV molecules predominantly interact with the carbon surface through Van der Waals forces in a parallel orientation, supporting a physisorption mechanism. The high efficiency, reusability, and absence of secondary pollution highlight ACZS as a scalable and sustainable solution for treating dye-contaminated wastewater. © Iranian Chemical Society 2025.

Keywords: Activated carbon Crystal violet Isotherm Kinetic Molecular dynamics Thermodynamic Water treatment

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 12 | EID: 2-s2.0-105025676585

Sonochemical synthesis and characterization of Ho2FeMnO6 nanostructures and their application as nano-photocatalyst for degradation of water-soluble organic pollutants

2026

Rahimkhoei V.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Dawi E.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.

Materials Science and Engineering: B , Vol. 324

Article English ISSN: 09215107

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, P. O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

The present study equips the effective development of pure Ho2FeMnO6 (HFMO) nanoparticles, which are categorized as a new kind of double perovskite. Using diverse amine templates with dual functionality of precipitation/capping agent in sono-reaction, identification techniques exhibited morphologically desirable in the presence of TEPA, which had a mean of 34.70 nm and specific surface area of 3.422 m2/g. Using 30 W of power for 10 min of sonication was the desirable sonication power and time to synthesize a pure product, respectively. Furthermore, we also evaluated the effectiveness of the prepared sample by observing its photodegradation ability to eliminate color from three dyes: Eriochrome black T (EBT), Erythrosine (ErB), and Malachite green (MG) under visible light conditions. The rate of degradation for ErB reached a maximum of 91.73 %, while Malachite green exhibited a minimum degradation rate of 23.83 %. The product's paramagnetic characteristics enhance its photocatalytic efficiency, as it can be conveniently extracted with magnets for reuse. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Double-perovskite nanostructures Ho<sub>2</sub>FeMnO<sub>6</sub> nanoparticles Sonication Visible light Nano-Photocatalyst

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 118954 | EID: 2-s2.0-105021230699

TiO2-embedded κ-carrageenan-based copolymer hydrogel: synthesis, characterization and pH-responsive dye adsorption applications

2026

Aljeboree A.M.; Mhammed A.A.; Essa S.; Abd S.; Alsultany F.H.; Radia N.D.; Alkaim A.F.

Iranian Polymer Journal (English Edition)

Article English ISSN: 10261265

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Branch of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq; Department of science, Al-Manara College For Medical Sciences, Maysan, Amarah, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of a novel pH-responsive hydrogel nanocomposite based on κ-carrageenan-g-poly(crotonic acid-co-sodium 4-vinylbenzenesulfonate) [κC-g-(CA-co-VBS)] reinforced with TiO2 nanoparticles. κ-Carrageenan, a hydrophilic and biodegradable polysaccharide, was chemically modified through graft copolymerization with CA and VBS monomers, using potassium persulfate (KPS) as the initiator and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as the crosslinker. The incorporation of TiO2 enhanced the hydrogel’s swelling capacity (up to 3700%) and pH sensitivity. Structural and morphological analyses (FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM/EDX, HRTEM, BET) confirmed successful grafting and TiO2 integration. The nanocomposite was evaluated as an adsorbent for Orange G dye, achieving a maximum adsorption efficiency of 677.4 mg/g and removal efficiency of 90.3% under optimal conditions (pH 7, 600 mg/L, 60 min). Adsorption followed the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating multilayer chemisorption. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that the adsorption of OG dye onto the hydrogel composite was spontaneous (ΔG < 0), and endothermic (ΔH > 0). The hydrogel retained 82.7% efficiency after six regeneration cycles, demonstrating excellent stability and reusability. The novelty of this work lies in the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles into a κ-carrageenan-based hydrogel matrix, which significantly enhances swelling capacity, adsorption efficiency, and reusability compared to conventional hydrogels, thereby offering an innovative and sustainable approach for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment. © Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute 2026.

Keywords: Orange g removal Polymer Swelling behavior Titanium dioxide κ-Carrageenan hydrogel

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | EID: 2-s2.0-105028603976

Sol–gel auto-combustion synthesis and characterization of CeO2/PbFe12O19/g-C3N4 nanocomposites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity

2026

Rezaei M.; Monsef R.; Dawi E.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.; Akbari A.; Ansarinejad H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 16 (3)

Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Ajman University, P. O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-53153, Iran

Due to efficient charge separation and strong visible-light absorption, g-C3N4-based heterogeneous photocatalyts have sparked significant interest in alleviating energy and environmental crisis. The present study reports CeO2/PbFe12O19 nanocomposite with photocatalytic properties that has been designed via sol–gel auto-combustion process utilizing different carbohydrate sugars as capping agent and fuel. Also, this investigation developed an ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation route for the creation of ternary CeO2/PbFe12O19/g-C3N4 nanocomposites with diverse contents of nano-CeO2/PbFe12O19 to promote activity toward the degradation of malachite green (MG) pollutant under visible light. The results showed that 30 mg of resulting CeO2/PbFe12O19 nanostructures can achieve 46.68% degradation of MG at 10 mg L−1, while nanocomposites having mass ratio of 1:1 for CeO2/PbFe12O19: g-C3N4 showed 81.50% efficiency after 120 min at similar conditions. Radical scavenging experiments confirmed that •OH and h+ play a dominant role in MG degradation by CeO2/PbFe12O19/g-C3N4 nanocomposites. These results highlight the potential application of CeO2/PbFe12O19/g-C3N4 as a promising photocatalyst for removing water-soluble organic pollutants. © The Author(s) 2026.

Keywords: CeO<sub>2</sub>/PbFe<sub>12</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites Nano-photocatalyst Nanostructures Organic dyes Sol–gel auto-combustion Water contamination

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 62 | EID: 2-s2.0-105029553384

Ce2Mo3O12/g-C3N4 nanocomposites: Optimization of synthesis parameters, characterization, and study as a potential hydrogen storage material

2026

Salavati-Niasari M.; Akbari A.; Dawi E.A.; Hameed S.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.

Environmental Technology and Innovation , Vol. 41

Article Open Access English ISSN: 23521864

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Science, Ajman University, P.O.Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Optics, College of Health & Medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

In order to improve the electrochemical hydrogen storage capacity, Ce2Mo3O12/g-C3N4 nanocomposites were synthesized via sonochemical approach with involving desirable electrochemical efficiency, great specific surface area, and special morphology. Herein, the electrochemical hydrogen storage abilities of as-schemed electrodes, namely Ce2Mo3O12, g-C3N4, and Ce2Mo3O12/g-C3N4 nanocomposites were studied via chronopotentiometry charge–discharge (CCD) method at constant current. According to the obtained results, the combination effect between the Ce2Mo3O12 and g-C3N4 can boost the electrochemical hydrogen storage performance in terms of discharge capacity and cycling stability. The maximum value of capacity for Ce2Mo3O12/g-C3N4 nanocomposites was about 1920.3 mAh/g, which is a significant result as compared to the Ce2Mo3O12 (S3, 1003.2 mAh/g) after 20 cycles. Consequently, the Ce2Mo3O12/g-C3N4 nanocomposites displayed a worthy capacity as capable active materials for hydrogen storage application. © 2026 The Authors.

Keywords: Ce<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites Discharge capacity Electrochemical hydrogen storage Nanostructures Sonochemical method

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 104797 | EID: 2-s2.0-105029036634

2025

48 papers

Highly Reusable Nano Adsorbent Based on Clay-Incorporated Hydrogel Nanocomposite for Cationic Dye Adsorption

2025

Aljeboree A.M.; Alkaim A.F.; Alsultany F.H.; Issa S.K.

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials , Vol. 35 (2), pp. 1165-1186

55 citations Article English ISSN: 15741443

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

In this study, a novel hydrogel nanocomposite based on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) polysaccharide was fabricated by graft free radical co-polymerization of Itaconic acid and acrylamide monomers in the presence of Palygorskite clay. The nanocomposite, known as CMC-g-poly(AM-co-ITA)/Clay, was synthesized using potassium persulfate (KPS) as the initiator and N, N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as the cross-linker. The goal was to create nano adsorbents with excellent adsorption capacity, easy separation, selectivity, and superior reusability for eliminating dyes from aqueous solutions. The nanocomposite’s structure was analyzed using various techniques including FTIR, XRD, HRTEM, FESEM, TGA, and BET. The study of the nanocomposite’s thermal stability revealed that the one with 15% clay exhibited the best thermal stability. FESEM images showed a high cross-linking density and a porous surface, facilitating water diffusion and affecting the swelling behavior. The nanocomposites’ gel content and swelling behavior were compared with those of a hydrogel without clay when placed in water. The results indicated that as the clay content increased, the swelling ratio decreased while the gel content increased. The CMC-g-poly (AM-co-ITA)/Clay nanocomposite was found to have high stability in an aqueous solution and a negatively charged surface at a pH higher than 3.1. The findings indicated that adding clay to the hydrogel improved its ability to remove Brilliant Green from water. Introducing 15% clay into the hydrogel raised its maximum adsorption capacity for BG dye removal from 199.67 to 1513.55 mg/g. Various models were used to analyze the experimental results, with the pseudo-second-order demonstrating the best fit for the kinetic model. Equilibrium data were assessed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. The Freundlich model was found to best describe the uptake of BG dye, suggesting heterogeneous multilayer adsorption onto the nanocomposite. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption of BG dye onto the nanocomposite was endothermic (ΔH > 0) and spontaneous (ΔG < 0). Additionally, the nanocomposite showed high reusability and easy separation, maintaining an 88.23% removal capacity for BG dye after 6 cycles. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Keywords: Brilliant green Clay Copolymerization Hydrogel Kinetics Thermodynamic

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-86000380266

Impact of graphene oxide nanosheets and polymethyl methacrylate on nano/hybrid-based restoration dental filler composites: ultrasound behavior and antibacterial activity

2025

Salam M.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Al-Bermany E.; Sabri M.M.; Abdali K.; Ahmed N.M.

Journal of Ultrasound , Vol. 28 (4), pp. 873-892

28 citations Article English ISSN: 19713495

Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq; Ministry of Education, Baghdad, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babil, 51001, Iraq; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Health, Koya University, Kurdistan Region, Koya, KOY45, Iraq; School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, George Town, Penang, Malaysia

Purpose: Graphene-polymer nanocomposites significantly impact dental filler and antibacterial applications. The study aims to overcome some problems dental filers present and improve their properties and antibacterial activity. Synthesis graphene oxide (GO) and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were used to reinforce two types of commercial hybrid/nano-dental fillings. Methods: Developed acoustic-solution-sonication-casting methods were applied to fabricate the new graphene-polymer-dental filler nanocomposites. The structure, morphology, rheological and mechanical properties, and antibacterial of the newly fabricated filling-PMMA/ GO nanocomposites were investigated. Results: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) showed a significant interaction between the filling and the additional materials. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a considerable change in crystalline behavior. Optical microscope (OM) with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) pictures demonstrated a substantial change in the morphology of the samples with a homogeneous and fine dispersion of the nanomaterials in the filler matrix. Multi-frequency ultrasound mechanical properties measured the ultrasonic velocity, absorption coefficient, compressibility, bulk modulus, and other mechanical properties that notably enhanced after GO contributed up to 325% of the ultrasonic absorption coefficient compared with hybrid/nano-fillers. Rheological properties were measured as viscosity, absorption coefficient, and specific viscosity, which significantly improved after adding PMMA and incorporating GO up to 57% of the viscosity, compared with hybrid/nano-fillers. The inhibition zone of moth bacteria, such as Enterococcus faecalis and E. staph bacteria, improved after the contribution of GO nanosheets up to 46%. Conclusion: Nanofillers nanocomposites presented better properties and inhabitances zone diameter of antibacterial. © Società Italiana di Ultrasonologia in Medicina e Biologia (SIUMB) 2024.

Keywords: Antibacterial Dental fillers Graphene Mechanical properties Nanocomposites PMMA

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | EID: 2-s2.0-85184272222

Biosurfactants: Properties, applications and emerging trends

2025

Hsu C.-Y.; Mahmoud Z.H.; Hussein U.A.-R.; Abduvalieva D.; Alsultany F.H.; Kianfar E.

South African Journal of Chemical Engineering , Vol. 53, pp. 21-39

20 citations Review Open Access English ISSN: 10269185

Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University Tempe Campus, Phoenix, 85004, AZ, United States; University of Diyala, college of sciences, chemistry, Iraq; College of Pharmacy/ University of Al-Ameed, Iraq; Department of Mathematics and Information Technologies, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Bunyodkor avenue 27, Tashkent, 100070, Uzbekistan; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran

Different microbes release biosurfactants, which are specialists that act on biological surfaces. Biosurfactants are transported to the microbial film or released onto the external film, and they display hydrophilic and hydrophobic locations. A wide variety of industries make use of synthetic chemical surfactants, including those dealing with corrections, medicines, food, agriculture, materials, and more. Chemical surfactants that have been synthesized find use in many different industries, including those dealing with corrections, medicines, food, agriculture, materials, etc. However, these companies unknowingly produce compounds or pollutants that are very toxic and harm the ecosystem. Consequently, biosurfactants have recently attracted a lot of attention from both corporations and analysts. Biosurfactants are environmentally friendly since they are safe, biodegradable, and non-toxic. Because of their unique auxiliary qualities, they are used in many industries and for environmental cleanup. They can withstand higher concentrations of moo basic micelles (CMC), as well as higher temperatures, ionic qualities, and pH, in comparison to their chemical partners. Therefore, in the fields of nutrition, medicines, personal care, and especially enhanced oil recovery (EOR), biosurfactants produced by microbes are favoured over synthetic surfactants. Research on biosurfactants has grown substantially in the last 20 years. Various aspects of biosurfactant production, including their categorization, properties, and uses, evaluation criteria, thermodynamic relationships, Gibbs free vitality conditions, and states of affairs, have been thoroughly reviewed in this article. © 2025 The Author(s)

Keywords: Biodegradable Biosurfactants Micelles Pollution Surface tension Surfactants Thermodynamic

Elsevier B.V. | EID: 2-s2.0-105002673459

Ecofriendly k-Carrageenan-Based Hydrogel with Strong Adsorption and Higher Abilities to Remove Crystal Violet from Aqueous Solution: Thermodynamic, Isotherm and Kinetic Investigation

2025

Aljeboree A.M.; Alkaim A.F.; Hussein S.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Jawad M.A.

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials , Vol. 35 (4), pp. 2921-2942

17 citations Article English ISSN: 15741443

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

A semi-natural composite of k-Carrageenan and zinc oxide as a natural bio-polymer was prepared using a free radical copolymerization method. The k-carrageenan grafted poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide)/ZnO hydrogel nanocomposite is prepared by using N, N-methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA) as a cross-linked, and potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator, the prepared surface using for the removal of the cationic dye crystal violet (CV) as a model of textile dyes pollutant from aqueous solutions. The hydrogel nanocomposite was characterized using XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, HRTEM, and BET, which established a successful synthesis of the nanocomposite. Results show the prepared nanocomposite had a high swelling percentage of 3450%. The best removal efficiency is 93.23% for 600 mg/L at the adsorbent doses of 0.06 g/100 ml at an equilibrium time of 60 min. The fitting of equilibrium data to the Freundlich isotherm model best represents the adsorption of CV dye onto nanocomposite with a maximum multilayer adsorption efficiency of 932.22 mg/g. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order, chemisorption, and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models were applied to test the experimental result, and the first-order kinetic exhibited the best fit for the kinetic studies. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated to confirm that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Additionally, the results showed that the nanocomposite could be effectively recycled for six consecutive cycles, with high efficiency for removing CV dye. Therefore, the nanocomposite proves to be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly option for removing CV from water solutions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Keywords: Adsorption Crystal violet Hydrogel k-carrageenan Nanocomposite Swelling surface

Springer | Art. 105589 | EID: 2-s2.0-105004060420

Optimization of swelling and mechanical behavior of novel pH-sensitive terpolymer biocomposite hydrogel based on activated carbon for removal brilliant blue dye from aqueous solution

2025

Aljeboree A.M.; Hussein S.A.; Altimari U.S.; Mohealdeen S.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Alkaim A.F.

Polymer Bulletin , Vol. 82 (5), pp. 1447-1478

16 citations Article English ISSN: 01700839

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Al-Manara College For Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Radiology and Sonar Techniques, Al-Noor University College, Nineveh, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

In this study, biodegradable terpolymeric composite hydrogel was developed having swello-mechanical properties. The terpolymer biocomposite hydrogel Poly(CMC-co-AM-co-ITA)/AC was prepared by free radical co-polymerization of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), Itaconic acid (Doondani in Water 14: 3411, 2022), and acrylamide(AM) using potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator and N, N-methylene bis-acrylamide(MBA) as cross-linker of the reaction. The synthesized Poly(CMC-co-AM-co-ITA)/AC terpolymer biocomposite was characterized by (FTIR), (FESEM), (HRTEM), (XRD), (TGA) and (BET), was used for the adsorptive removal of Brilliant blue (Norouzi in Mater Chem Phys 305 127918, 2023) dye from aqueous solution. There have been many attempts for the usage of hydrogels to removal dye because of their pH-responsive swelling behavior, thus dynamic swelling behavior of terpolymer biocomposite was investigated to determine the mechanism of water transport through these hydrogels. The exponential relation of the Fickian diffusion law describes the Fickian or non-Fickian behavior of swelling polymer networks. The Percent Swelling % of terpolymer biocomposite were studied at natural pH in tap water and distilled water, the swelling % of the terpolymer was 2100% in tap water and 3900% in distilled water at pH 7. The swelling % and adsorption efficiency increased with the increase in pH solution. Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were found to be best in fitting the isotherm and kinetics data. The Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy of adsorption showed that the adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic, and entropy-increasing process. The maximum capacity of adsorption for BB dye was 1565.611 mg/g and almost 100% removal efficiency within 1 h adsorption time at pH 7 and 25°C. The interaction mechanism between the adsorbate and the biocomposite surface involved main interactions, such as electrostatic interaction, π-π interactions and hydrogen bonding. The terpolymer biocomposite was successfully regenerated utilizing hydrochloric acid with more than 80% removal efficiency after the sixth cycle. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Keywords: Adsorption Brilliant blue Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel Isotherm Kinetic model

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | EID: 2-s2.0-105001069457

Photosynthesis of polypyyrole/ZnFe2O4-WO3 nanocomposite for biodiesel production

2025

Hsu C.-Y.; Mahmoud Z.H.; Kamolova N.; Muzammil K.; Alsultany F.H.; Al-Abdeen S.H.Z.; Kianfar E.

Fuel Processing Technology , Vol. 271

12 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 03783820

Thunderbird school of global management, Arizona state university Tempe Campus, Phoenix, 85004, AZ, United States; Chemistry department, college of sciences, university of Diyala, Iraq; Department of chemistry and its teaching methods, Tashkent state Pedagogical university, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid university, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran

In this study, photolysis-free radical polymerization is successfully employed to synthesis a heterogeneous Polypyrrole/ZnFe2O4-WO3 nanocomposite. The photolysis technique was used UV irradiation with 15 W and 365 nm for reduction ferric, zinc and tungsten aqueous precursors for synthesis of metal oxides nanocomposite. The synthesized nanocomposite were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectrum and used it in transesterification of oil to investigate of the catalytic performance. The nanocomposite catalyst appeared high activity for esterification of olive oil creating from the increasing the diffusion between the reactant and product. Furthermore, the prepared nanocomposite catalyst could be easily recovered and efficiently reused for many times without considerable loss in its activity, also appeared results showed that PPy/ZnFe2O4-WO3 nanocomposite could be employed for the suitable and rapid biodiesel production. Depending on the experimental results, the optimum conditions with yield 94 % show at 1:14 oil/methanol ratio, 120 min, 55 °C temperature and 3 % catalyst dose. The obtained biodiesel appeared properties near to those of international standards of biodiesel. The product met international standards for key features, including density, viscosity and flash point, as well as, the catalyst appeared excellent reusability, keeping efficiency over multiple cycles with lower performance loss. These results proved the prepared catalyst as a cost-effective and sustainable catalyst for biodiesel production. © 2025 The Author(s)

Keywords: Biodiesel Nanocomposite Olive oil Photolysis Transesterification

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 108193 | EID: 2-s2.0-85219668909

Enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic potential of magnetic NiMnFeO4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites for degradation of aqueous organic pollutants: Schiff-base ligand-assisted sol–gel auto-combustion synthesis, characterization and mechanism analysis

2025

Mazaheri S.; Monsef R.; Alsultany F.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 15 (6)

11 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

Globally, the contamination of aquatic systems and wastewater by dyes is highlighted as a critical concern for human beings. Therefore, it is necessary to construct novel heterostructure photocatalysts with broadened light absorption range and enhanced charge transfer rates. The primary objective of this research is to achieve the NiMnFeO4 phases through an auto-combustion route with exploring various Schiff base ligand’s effects such as H2Salen, H2Salpn, and H2Salophen on crystalline structural and morphological features. Following this, a composite of NiMnFeO4 nanoparticles and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets was synthesized via a sonochemical-assisted co-precipitation process, in which diverse weight proportions of nano-NiMnFeO4 was employed. To unveil the crystalline structure, chemical composition, morphology and magnetic properties of NiMnFeO4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites, multiple spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were carried out. The outcomes displayed that pure NiMnFeO4 phase synthesized in the presence of H2Salpn have optical bandgap energy of 2.0 eV and morphologically desirable nano-sample. The photocatalytic efficiencies and kinetic investigation of as-obtained NiMnFeO4, g-C3N4 and various NiMnFeO4/g-C3N4 nanocomposite’s types were perused through degradation of cationic malachite green and anionic eosin dyes under visible light irradiation. The content of nano-NiMnFeO4 in binary component systems changed the yields of the photocatalytic process and NiMnFeO4/g-C3N4 (0.25:1) nanocomposites revealed highest eosin degradation proficiency (95.12%) in visible region after 120 min. Furthermore, the proposed mechanism underlying eosin degradation via photocatalytic activity was thoroughly investigated via reactive species scavenging experiments. In photoreactions conducted by optimum NiMnFeO4/g-C3N4 (0.25:1) sample, both hydroxyl and superoxide radicals performed the superior role for the photocatalytic breakdown of eosin below visible lamp. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords: Mixed metal oxide semiconductor nanostructures NiMnFeO<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Nanocomposites Schiff-base ligand Visible light nano-photocatalyst Water contamination

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 130 | EID: 2-s2.0-105004793307

NiCrFeO4 nanostructures: Sonochemical synthesis, characterization and promising photocatalytic application for removal of toxic coloring agents under visible light

2025

Digbari Z.; Monsef R.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Alsultany F.H.

Results in Engineering , Vol. 26

10 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 25901230

Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

Although new semiconductor materials have been developed to eliminate various contaminants, producing effective multi-component nano-compounds with high-intensity visible light activation remains a challenge. This paper aims to carefully create cubic NiCrFeO4 (NCF) nanoparticles using sonochemical route and to use them as effective light-activated nano-photocatalyst for wastewater treatment. Several spectroscopy techniques were subjected to validate how different factors, such as types of surfactants, sonication time, and sonication power levels affect the structure, purity, and morphology of the as-prepared NCF samples. Microscopy images presented spherical NCF nanoparticles are formed when PVA was used as structure-directing agent, 5 % was sonication power and 8 min was selected for reaction time. Cubic phase with space group of Fd-3 m were identified by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns submitted to a Rietveld refinement method for resulting NCF samples. The optical findings indicated that the NCF nanostructures effectively decompose pollutants under visible light exposure due to their band gap of 1.75 eV. Tuning the photocatalytic conditions (50 mg of catalyst and 10 ppm of pollutant concentration) exhibited that best-performing sample have ability to degrade about 97.50 % of erythrosine (EY) in 120 min when exposed to visible light. The findings suggest that sonochemically synthesized NCF nanostructures are a good choice for photocatalysis fields. © 2025 The Authors

Keywords: Metal oxide semiconductors NiCrFeO<sub>4</sub> nanostructures Sonochemical method Visible light nano-photocatalysis Water pollution

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 105096 | EID: 2-s2.0-105003575767

Impact of Decoration Method on Some Physical Properties of Ag@Cu2O Nanostructure

2025

Salim E.T.; Abbas R.A.; Ibrahim R.K.; Mahdi R.O.; Fakhri M.A.; Azzahrani A.S.; Alsultany F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.; Salim Z.T.

Plasmonics , Vol. 20 (6), pp. 3593-3603

10 citations Article English ISSN: 15571955

Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology and Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia; Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, AZ, Baku, 1075, Azerbaijan; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia

Ag-decorated cuprous oxide was synthesized by hydrothermal method by mixing and spraying AgNO3 with copper nanopowder and deionized water. X-ray diffraction shows that the formation of Cu2O and Ag, the particle size was determined to be 27.3 nm and 31.4 nm, besides strain and dislocation density was determined. Two absorption peaks were observed at 350 and 530 nm and 385 and 538 nm for two samples, respectively; one of them belongs to the plasmon effect and the other due to the formation of cuprous oxide. Bandgap energy was estimated from the absorption spectra to be 2.1 eV and 2 eV. Different shapes, such as truncated octahedrons, branches, and microflowers, were formed. The elemental composition of the two samples shows the presence of Cu, O, and Ag at different intensities based on the decoration procedure. The results indicated a significant enhancement in Raman signal intensity. The improvement for the sample in which silver and copper were mixed was a little more attributed to the presence of Ag which is known for its surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) capabilities. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Keywords: Cuprous oxide Decoration Hydrothermal Plasmon

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85206378433

An Analysis Study Employing Laser Ablation in Gold Colloidal at Different Numbers of Laser Pulses

2025

Salim E.T.; Mahdi R.O.; Mahmoud D.; Gopinath S.C.B.; Alsultany F.H.

Plasmonics , Vol. 20 (8), pp. 5905-5928

8 citations Article English ISSN: 15571955

Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 602 105, India; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology and Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia; Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, AZ, Baku, 1075, Azerbaijan; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq

This study investigated the influence of laser pulse count on the properties of Au@WO₃ core–shell nanoparticles synthesized via pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL). A 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser with a fluence of 19.10 J/cm2 was employed to fabricate the nanostructures using varying numbers of laser pulses (200–1200). The optical absorption spectra revealed two distinct peaks attributed to the surface plasmon resonance of Au and the absorption edge of WO₃, with a gradual red shift in the latter. Furthermore, a corresponding decrease in the optical band gap from 3.20 to 3.00 eV was observed with increasing pulse count. Photoluminescence analysis showed enhanced emission intensity and red-shifted peaks, suggesting an increase in shell thickness and improved excitonic activity. XRD confirmed the formation of monoclinic WO₃ and embedded Au cores, while Raman spectroscopy further validated the vibrational modes of the WO₃ shell. FE-SEM and TEM imaging demonstrated an increase in both particle size and shell thickness with higher pulse counts, ranging from 51 to 95 nm. EDX analysis revealed a progressive increase in the weight percentage of tungsten and oxygen atoms, supporting the formation of a thicker WO₃ shell. Overall, the results demonstrated that laser pulse control in PLAL synthesis offered a tunable method for engineering the structural and optical properties of Au@WO₃ core–shell nanoparticles for diverse applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

Keywords: Au@WO<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles Core–shell NPs Physical properties PLAL

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-105005098440

Designing a novel highly efficient magnetic binary NiFe2O4/CeO2 nano-photocatalyst for visible-light-driven degradation of organic pollutants

2025

Roostaei S.; Ahmadi-Kashani M.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Alsultany F.H.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 15 (6)

7 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

Herein, novel magnetic binary NiFe2O4/CeO2 nanocomposites were simultaneously prepared via simple sol–gel auto-combustion method serving as an efficient photocatalyst toward dye degradation under visible light illumination. Various gelation agents, including tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), ammonia (NH3), ethylene diamine (EN), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), were employed to evaluate their influence on the purity and particle size of the NiFe2O4/CeO2 nanocomposite. The designed nanocomposite was investigated through its performance in the photodecomposition of eosin (EO) and malachite green (MG) dyes. The results exposed that the anionic dye is degraded much more efficiently than cationic dye. The as-prepared photocatalyst displayed remarkable photocatalytic performance, with a 95% efficiency in degrading EO and a comparatively lower efficiency of 68.29% for MG. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model has been identified as the most appropriate for describing the adsorption of dyes onto the photocatalyst. The rate constant (k) for decolorization of EO over a period of 120 min using NiFe2O4/CeO2 photocatalyst was determined to be 0.02798 min−1. The magnetic characteristics of NiFe2O4/CeO2 showed ferromagnetic behavior, which enhances the recovery of catalyst from water, suggesting a valuable opportunity in the practical applications. Besides, the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation was examined through scavenger experiments, which revealed the reactive radicals involved, emphasizing the crucial effect of ·O2– radicals in this procedure. The influence of the initial dye concentration and amount of photocatalyst on the degradation efficiency was also examined thoroughly. Moreover, the recyclability of the photocatalyst was verified over five repeated cycles, demonstrating its good stability. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords: Nano-photocatalyst Nanostructures NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/CeO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposites Scavenger Water contamination Water pollution

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 127 | EID: 2-s2.0-105004659283

Architecting diverse carbonous nanocomposites of Sr2V2O7 for enhanced photodegradation potential of organic pollutants: sonochemical synthesis, characterization, optimization of conditions and mechanisms

2025

Jafari H.; Monsef R.; Dawi E.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Mirzaei R.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 15 (8)

7 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, 8731753153, Iran; Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Ajman University, P. O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

The present study equips sonochemical synthesis of Sr2V2O7 (SVO) nanoparticles with carbon coating’s impact to destroy the solutions polluted with hazardous contaminants including rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB), and methyl orange (MO) under visible-light radiation. Using diverse amine templates with dual functionality of precipitation/capping agent in sono-reaction, identification techniques exhibited morphologically desirable and triclinic SVO sample in the presence of teta, which had a mean of 72.08 nm and specific surface area of 14.621 m2/g. To minimize charge recombination, increase in surface area/photoactive sites, and shift toward a larger wavelength window, the incorporation of different carbon structures on the SVO surface was perused. Particularly, detailed photodegradation investigations followed the order of MO < MB < RhB with maximum efficiency for binary SVO/g-C3N4 nanocomposites as compared with other as-obtained SVO-based compounds. Photo-operational variables in starting RhB concentration and catalyst dosage offered that 89.39% degradation could result in 50 mg of SVO/g-C3N4 nanocomposites and 10 ppm dye within 120 min of visible irradiation. High photo-durability of resultant SVO/g-C3N4 nanocomposites showed five time regeneration process with only 14.39% reduction in activity. It is hoped that the effectiveness of the photocatalytic heterostructure’s design based on SVO nanoparticles and g-C3N4 nanosheets could be contributed in regulating the interface charge transfer pathway for environmental clean-up. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords: Carbon-based nanocomposites Degradation pathways Nano-photocatalyst Sonochemical synthesis Triclinic Sr<sub>2</sub>V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> pyrovanadate nanostructures

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 189 | EID: 2-s2.0-105010109671

Synthesis and characterization of bismuth gadolinium oxide/g-C3N4 heterojunction nano photocatalyst for efficient sunlight-driven purification of wastewater containing malachite green dye

2025

Mirzasani S.; Valian M.; Akbari A.; Alsultany F.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Energy Nexus , Vol. 18

6 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 27724271

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran, Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

In this research, considering the problem of water pollution, efficient bismuthate nanostructures have been designed to destroy organic pollutants; and in the following, suitable strategies to improve the photocatalytic efficiency have been presented and analyzed. In this regard, BiGdO3 nanoparticles were prepared by auto-combustion route using sucrose as fuel. A series of techniques including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) to analyze the morphology, phase purity and optical properties of BiGdO3 (BGO) samples are employed. Then, the obtained bismuthate nanostructures with an average size of 34.84 nm are used to form BiGdO3/g-C3N4 (BGO/CN) nanocomposites with different content. According to BET analysis, the specific surface area of BGO/CN nanocomposites was found as 5.18 m2g−1. According to DRS data, the BGO band gap (2.78 eV) decreases to 2.45 eV with CN incorporation. The obtained pure BGO nanostructures are studied in malachite green (MG) decomposition. Under optimal conditions, 0.10 g BGO degrades 97.27 % of 20 ppm MG. To investigate the photocatalytic ability of nanocomposites and to improve the use of sunlight, a comparative study is conducted between the light sources. Experimental results show that BGO/CN nanocomposites show higher pho tocatalytic activity (98.36 %) than pure BiGdO3 and g-C3N4. In addition, the photodegradation mechanism of BGO/CN by scavenging experiments introduces •OH active radicals as the main factor in the photocatalytic process. © 2025

Keywords: BiGdO<sub>3</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Nanocomposite Combustion Dyes Heterojunction Nano-Photocatalyst Nanostructures

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 100442 | EID: 2-s2.0-105003111181

Sonochemical preparation and characterization of ErVO4/g-C3N4 nano-photocatalysts for removal of water-soluble organic dyes under visible light exposures

2025

Salavati-Niasari M.; Monsef R.; Karami A.; Aljeboree A.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.

Results in Engineering , Vol. 28

6 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 25901230

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, P. O. Box.87317-51167, I. R., Iran; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Modern society's need for potential waste water purification has been intensified by the ongoing energy crisis and environmental pollution resulting from the consumption of manufactured coloring agents. However, expanding the light absorption threshold of nanostructured materials from UV to visible region has become a challenge to achieve high photocatalytic performance. This work focuses on the development and exploitation of simulated sunlight over novel ErVO4/g-C3N4 (EV-CN) nanophotocatalyst, wherein melamine as the CN precursor provided capable matrix for insitu-precipitation of EV nanostructures thorough sonication pathway and subsequent calcination at 550 °C for 5 h. Expanded studies of EV-based nanoproducts depicted the nucleation and growth mechanism of particles by changing the operational factors such as type of polymeric templates, concentration of PEG, sono-reaction time, and sonication wave’s absence. Usage of ultrasonic irradiation for 30 min at 60 W and a ratio of 0.5:1 for PEG:Er3+ could offer the most uniform morphology of tetragonal EV phase with mean particle size of 37.65 nm, specific surface area of 36.14 m2/g, and bandgap value of 3.5 eV with the aid of diverse identification techniques. Benefited form 20 wt% of EV dispersed on the CN, a maximum MB photodegradation of 85.43 % (kapp = 0.016 min–1) was achieved under visible light irradiation after 120 min compared with bare EV, CN, and other counterparts of this composition. Scavenging outcomes of deletion MB molecules revealed the photo-induced superoxide radicals and holes as basic driving forces in enhanced photoactivity of the EV-CN semiconductor. Surprisingly, the optimum EV-CN photoctatlysts containing 20 wt% is endowed with good reusability and photo-efficiency of 76.51 % after four cycling runs. We believe that the junction/interface generated between nano-EV and CN nanolayers with the staggered band structure can modify the inherent problems of catalysts in terms of the life time of photogenerated charge carriers and facilities efficiency of solar energy harvesting. © 2025 The Author(s).

Keywords: Degradation pathways ErVO<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites Nano-photocatalyst Organic dyes Sonochemical synthesis

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 107764 | EID: 2-s2.0-105022199972

Sol–gel auto-combustion synthesis of a novel ternary magnetic-recyclable ZnFe2O4/ZnO/CeO2 nano-photocatalyst for highly efficient visible-light-induced degradation of organic contaminants

2025

Roostaei S.; Ansarinejad H.; Dawi E.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Issa S.K.; Ahmadi-Kashani M.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 15 (8)

6 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, P. O. Box 87317-51167, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Ajman University, P. O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

The creation and design of highly efficient photocatalysts responsive to visible light are critically required to address pressing environmental challenges. The present work focuses on the design and controlled synthesis of a novel magnetically separable ternary nano-photocatalyst comprising ZnFe2O4, ZnO, and CeO2 through a facile one-step sol–gel auto-combustion method. This ternary photocatalyst integrates the magnetic characteristics of ZnFe2O4, the durability and catalytic efficiency of ZnO, along with the oxygen storage capabilities and photocatalytic features of CeO2. Besides, the sol–gel auto-combustion process serves as a self-sustaining technique for generating heat through its exothermic reactions, providing several advantageous characteristics such as uniformity, reduced particle size, improved distribution, and controlled morphology. The effects of different fuel agents on the phase purity and crystallite dimensions of ZnFe2O4/ZnO/CeO2 were assessed. According to the FESEM images, the sample synthesized using oxalic acid as fuel revealed a porous structure with a particle size distribution near 18.97 nm, making it an outstanding choice for photocatalytic performance. The study revealed that the ZnFe2O4/ZnO/CeO2 photocatalysts exhibited exceptional catalytic performance under neutral conditions, providing a significant advantage in photocatalytic activity. The photoactive properties of the ternary nanocomposite were tested by measuring the degradation of Erythrosine (ER) and Methyl Violet (MV) under visible light conditions. The findings revealed that the anionic dye is broken down significantly more effectively than the cationic dye. The photocatalyst exhibited impressive photocatalytic capabilities, achieving a degradation efficiency of 92.33% for ER. The combination of ZnFe2O4, ZnO, and CeO2 enhances photocatalytic performance because of their synergistic features, substantial surface area, increased active sites, optimized charge dynamics, and potential for reuse. Notably, scavenger analysis revealed that hydroxyl radicals were significantly present in the ZnFe2O4/ZnO/CeO2 sample when exposed to visible light, functioning as the main oxygen-derived radicals in breaking down pollutants through photocatalysis. Furthermore, insights into the photocatalytic reaction mechanism and the •OH generation process on the ternary photocatalyst were provided. The study comprehensively examined reaction kinetics, the durability of catalysts, and the impact of different variables like initial concentration of the dye solution and photocatalyst dosage during photocatalytic activity. Research results suggest that the pseudo-first-order kinetic model best describes the adsorption behavior of dyes on photocatalysts. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords: Nanostructures Scavenger Ternary Nano-Photocatalysts Organic Pollutants Wastewater ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/ZnO/CeO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposites

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 193 | EID: 2-s2.0-105010038226

Engineering high conductivity in UiO-67 MOFs with Perylenediimide for solar-driven CO2 reduction to ethanol

2025

Altalbawy F.M.A.; Sharma P.; Alsultany F.H.; Kumar A.; Vinay K.P.; Alalaq I.S.; Chahar M.; Altimari U.S.; Jabbar A.M.; Alam M.M.; Alzubaidi L.H.

Journal of Molecular Structure , Vol. 1326

6 citations Article English ISSN: 00222860

Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Karnataka, Bengaluru, 560069, India; Department of Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303012, India; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; School of Pharmacy-Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Uttar Pradesh, Gangoh, 247341, India; Department of Pharmacy, Arka Jain University, Jharkhand, Jamshedpur, 831001, India; Department of Applied Sciences, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of ‎Colleges, Jhanjeri, Punjab, Mohali, 140307, India; Department of Dentistry, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology, NIMS University ‎Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; College of pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq; Central Labs, King Khalid University, AlQura'a, Abha, P.O. Box 960, Saudi Arabia; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of technical engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly attractive for photocatalytic CO2 reduction due to their customizable structures and functionalities. However, limited conductivity often hinders their efficiency, leading to a preference for products requiring fewer electrons, such as CO and HCOOH. Consequently, further electron transfers for the production of multi-carbon products like ethanol become more challenging. To address this issue, this study investigates the incorporation of highly π-conjugated perylenediimide (PDI) units into the secondary building block of NH2-UiO-67 MOF. The synthesized MOFs (designated as Cu@PDI(X%)-NZU67), containing 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % molar ratios of PDI, were evaluated for CO2 reduction under visible light irradiation. Remarkably, Cu@PDI(30 %)-NZU67 achieved an exceptional EtOH production rate of 941.28 µmolh-1 g-1, making it the most efficient MOF photocatalyst reported for this specific product. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Charge transfer Conductivity MOF Perylenediimide Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 141088 | EID: 2-s2.0-85212563797

Exploration of electrochemical energy storage potential of MWCNT scaffolds functionalized with Lu2FeMnO6 synthesized via a facile sol–gel Pechini chemical method

2025

Rahimkhoei V.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Alsultany F.H.; Aljeboree A.M.; Hamadanian M.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 15 (6)

5 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq

Lately, there has been considerable attention directed toward the development of a hydrogen storage cell power system that is both environmentally friendly and free from pollution. In the past decade, numerous notable advancements in methods of energy storage have emerged, influencing research, innovation, and the potential direction for enhancing our comprehension of energy storage. In the present research, the sol–gel Pechini methodology was utilized to synthesize Lu2FeMnO6 nanostructures and evaluate their viability as hydrogen storage materials for the inaugural time. The influence of stabilizing agents, the molar ratio of the gelling agent to the stabilizing agent, and the calcination temperature were meticulously examined to attain the optimal dimensions and morphological characteristics. While researchers have a growing interest in hydrogen energy, the application of double perovskite nanostructures for hydrogen absorption has not yet been explored. Diverse dimensions and configurations of nanocomposites were scrutinized utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analyses were conducted to ascertain the purity and chemical compositions of the nanocomposites. Among the various methodologies employed for hydrogen storage, the electrochemical approach is recognized as one of the most efficacious, as it facilitates the generation and storage of hydrogen under standard temperature and pressure conditions. This investigation explored the ramifications of integrating varying concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to augment the hydrogen storage capacity of a composite material through an electrochemical methodology. The Lu2FeMnO6/MWCNT nanocomposites exhibited optimal performance when the concentration of MWCNT was set at 2%, achieving a discharge capacity of 540.27 mAhg−1 after 15 cycles in a 2 M KOH electrolyte, which represents a 2.45-fold enhancement compared to the capacity demonstrated by Lu2FeMnO6 nanostructures. This investigation elucidates a promising methodology for the advancement of more efficient electrode materials via the integration of double perovskites. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords: Discharge capacity Electrochemical hydrogen storage Green energy Lu<sub>2</sub>FeMnO<sub>6</sub>/MWCNT nanocomposites Nanostructures Pechini method

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 126 | EID: 2-s2.0-105004655735

Improved Physical Properties of Ag-Cu2O Hybrid Structure Prepared Using Laser Ablation in Liquid Technique

2025

Salim E.T.; Kudhur A.Y.; Kara I.; Azzahrani A.S.; Fakhri M.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Basem A.; Manikandan E.; Gopinath S.C.B.

Plasmonics , Vol. 20 (3), pp. 1669-1683

5 citations Article English ISSN: 15571955

Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Eldivan Medical Services Vocational School, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey; Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kankiri Karatkin University, Çankırı, Turkey; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Hillah, Iraq; Air Conditioning Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq; Centre for Innovation and Product Development, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600127, India; School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, 600127, India; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India

This work presents the preparation of Ag@ Cu2O nano-crystals employing two methods, laser ablation in liquid and photo-ionization using UV radiation as a light source. The effect of Ag concentration on optical, electrical, structural, surface morphology, and other physical properties of Ag@Cu2O crystal was carried out. This work provides an on-site technique for the homogeneous development of Ag NPs on Cu2O surfaces, which involves the use of low-cost Ag salts as the source of Ag plasmonic nanoparticles. The Ag concentration was taken as a function of different chemical interaction times (5–25) sec that were used to adsorb the Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of the Cu2O sample. The optical properties ensure the improvement of the prepared material with the presence of Ag plasmonic nanoparticle, where the estimated energy gap was found to be reduced from 1.9 to 1.66 eV, and a red-shift in the optical spectra has been recognized. The surface morphology obtained by SEM images ensured the formation of a fine, smooth, uniform structure, and revealed that Ag nanoparticles have quasi-spherical morphologies with an average particle size ranging from 62 to 32 nm, based on the immersion times. Structural properties proved the formation of cubic Cu2O crystal centered at (110) diffraction plane. This was attributed to the Raman results. The optimum properties of Ag@Cu2O were obtained at 15 s, reduction of the optical band gap to 1.8 eV, and additionally, it offered the highest merit rating (F.O.M.) with an electrical conductivity of 2.09 S cm−2. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Keywords: Charge career properties Cu<sub>2</sub>O NPs Optical properties Pulsed laser ablation in liquid Silver

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-105001547285

Effect of solvent composition on a one-dimensional (NH4)2V10O25·8H2O electroactive material for electrochemical hydrogen storage application

2025

Gomrokchi P.; Ghiyasiyan-Arani M.; Dawi E.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Issa S.K.; Shabani-Nooshabadi M.; Salavati-Niasari M.

RSC Advances , Vol. 15 (27), pp. 22128-22137

5 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 20462069

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Electrode materials with tailored shapes for one-dimensional (ID) nanorods were manufactured using a solvothermal approach. Different conditions led to the formation of samples with diverse morphologies and compositions. Structural characteristics were studied using XRD, FT-IR, EDX, FE-SEM, TEM and BET analysis (NH4)2V6O16 and (NH4)2V10O25·8H2O structures were obtained under these conditions. The charge-discharge test was conducted to compare the activity of electrode materials with different phase purities. After 15 cycles at a current density of 1 mA, the fabricated (NH4)2V10O25·8H2O material displayed a capacity of 956 mA h g−1, and a maximum capacity of 5268 mA h g−1 was obtained at the 7th cycle. However, the (NH4)2V6O16 electrode material showed 324 mA h g−1 capacity. Vanadium-based materials have poor conductivity. Therefore, designing 1D structures improves the hydrogen storage efficiency of the electrodes. The optimized sample with a nanorod structure and (NH4)2V10O25·8H2O phase purity shows a surface area of 23.571 m2 g−1 © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Royal Society of Chemistry | EID: 2-s2.0-105009687140

Effect of different laser wavelengths on the optical properties of GaN/PSi and Al2O3/PSi thin films using the pulse laser deposition method

2025

Fakhri M.A.; Alwahib A.A.; Ibrahim R.K.; Salim E.T.; Abbas A.R.; Alsultany F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.; Qaeed M.A.

Journal of Optics (India)

5 citations Article English ISSN: 09728821

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 602 105, India; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology and Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia; Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, 1075, Azerbaijan; Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

In this work, gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nano-thin films were fabricated on the porous silicon (PSi) substrate. However, the porous silicon (PSi) substrate was synthesized in this study using a photoelectrochemical etching method. A thin layer of gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) was deposited on the porous Si (PSi) substrate using the pulsed laser deposition method. This technique is employed at various wavelengths (1064 nm, 532 nm, and 355 nm) of Nd: YAG Q-Switched laser that works at a vacuum pressure of 10−2 mbar, and the energy of the pulsed Laser is 900 mJ. The best results disappear when deposited at the 532 nm wavelength. The XRD investigation demonstrated that the GaN layer exhibits a distinct crystalline structure along the (002) plane, with a higher crystallite size of 18.9 nm, and the (311) plane, with a 19 nm crystallite size for Al2O3. This resulted in improved film quality and surface morphology. The field emission scanning microscope (FESEM) image, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) films that were deposited at different wavelengths (1064, 532 nm, and 355 nm) were examined in this paper. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Optical Society of India 2024.

Keywords: Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> GaN Porous silicon Pulsed laser deposition Thin film

Springer | Art. 475402 | EID: 2-s2.0-85213680560

Synthesis and characterization of magnetically separable ZnFe2O4/Fe2O3/chitosan ternary nanocomposites and their application as visible nano-photocatalyst for degradation of water-soluble organic pollutants

2025

Ehsanizadeh S.A.; Ahmadi-Kashani M.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 15 (7)

4 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Organic contaminants are increasingly concerning due to their widespread use, release into water, prolonged environmental persistence, and harmful effects on ecosystems and public health. Photocatalysis has emerged as an eco-friendly solution for environmental remediation. In this study, we prepared an efficient, magnetically separable ZnFe2O4/Fe2O3 photocatalyst for organic dye degradation using an ultrasonic-assisted sol–gel method, followed by enhancement with chitosan to improve photocatalytic performance. This study presents an optimization strategy by systematically evaluating the effects of surfactants and precipitating agents on the purity, particle size, and morphology of ZnFe2O4/Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The photocatalytic performance of the designed bionanocomposite was assessed through the degradation process of Eosin (EO) and Erythrosine (ER) dyes. To the best of our knowledge, no prior research has examined the degradation of EO and ER using a visible-light-active ZnFe2O4/Fe2O3/Chitosan ternary nanocomposite photocatalyst. The ZnFe2O4/Fe2O3/chitosan catalyst demonstrated excellent photocatalytic activity in neutral conditions, making it suitable for sustainable wastewater treatment. The combination of chitosan to ZnFe2O4/Fe2O3 nano-photocatalyst enhance charge dynamics through amine-hydroxyl interactions, facilitates dye adsorption through functional interactions, increase surface area, offers eco-friendly solutions, and promotes synergistic effects that collectively improve photocatalytic efficiency. Incorporating chitosan (50% wt) significantly boosted degradation efficiency, achieving 96.5% removal of dyes under visible light, which was higher than pure ZnFe2O4/Fe2O3 (91.1%). The findings show that benzoquinone as a superoxide scavenger remarkably decreases the photocatalytic activity. This emphasizes the crucial role of ·O2- radicals in this process. Besides, the mechanism of photodegradation, role of different scavengers, stability of photocatalyst, effect of dye concentration, catalyst dosage, and pH of solution were investigated in detail. This bio-based approach not only improves the photocatalytic activity but also aligns with sustainable wastewater treatment practices, offering a highly effective, environmentally friendly, and magnetically recoverable solution for dye degradation. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords: Bionanocomposite Chitosan Nano-photocatalyst Organic pollutants Water pollutions ZnFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 144 | EID: 2-s2.0-105006911561

A novel ZnMn2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites heterojunction photocatalyst: preparation, characterization, and investigation of photocatalytic behavior over toxic dyes

2025

Yaqoubi M.; Ghanbari M.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Alsultany F.H.; Issa S.K.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 15 (7)

4 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Spinel-type photocatalysts, e.g., ZnMn2O4, have been receiving intense interest owing to their high photochemical stability and visible light absorption. However, their photocatalytic activity is limited due to fast electron–hole recombination. In this work, we present the preparation of a new ZnMn2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposite heterojunction photocatalyst by a simple ultrasonic technique to solve this disadvantage. With the tuning of ZnMn2O4 loading, the optimal loading for 10% ZnMn2O4/g-C3N4 nanocomposite presented excellent dye removal efficiency of 98.8% under visible light irradiation, which strong outperformed pristine g-C3N4 and ZnMn2O4 by 33.7% and 43.0%, respectively. Radical scavenging studies indicated that hydroxyl radical (·OH) was primarily involved in the degradation mechanism. The kinetic study also supported the high reaction rate constant (k = 0.0333 min‒1). This work presents a promising route to develop efficient, recyclable, stable, and visible light-driven photocatalysts for wastewater treatment. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords: Dye removal Nanocomposite Visible light nano-photocatalyst Wastewater Zinc manganite nanostructures

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 172 | EID: 2-s2.0-105008994317

Controlled designing of NiFeP@Ni-Se arrays as efficient and robust bifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen production coupled via urea oxidation

2025

Muzammil K.; Altalbawy F.M.A.; Sur D.; Ballal S.; Tham J.; Vijay Kumar A.; Bobonazarovna Formanova S.; Samir Alalaq I.; Alsultany F.H.; Hassan Zain Al-Abdeen S.; Alhedrawe M.

Fuel , Vol. 394

4 citations Article English ISSN: 00162361

Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Marwadi University Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Marwadi University, Gujarat, Rajkot, 360003, India; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Raghu Engineering College, Dakamarri, Andhra Pradesh, 531162, India; Department of Chemistry and Its Teaching Methods, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Dentistry, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

Using the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) in place of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) can enhance the efficiency of hydrogen production to a more viable level. As a result, it is essential to investigate effective and stable electrocatalysts for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and UOR. In this study, a three-dimensional Ni-Fe-P@Ni-Se nanosheet structure was developed to enhance the electrocatalytic performance for energy-efficient hydrogen production aided by the UOR, employing a simple and rapid electrodeposition method. Leveraging unique properties like a high active surface area, rapid bubble detachment from the surface, and complete surface wettability by the electrolyte, the Ni-Fe-P@Ni-Se electrode deposited at 15 mA cm−2 requires a potential of −83 mV vs RHE for the HER process and 1.304 V vs RHE for the UOR process for achieving the current density of 10 mA cm−2. Furthermore, when used as a bifunctional electrode, the Ni-Fe-P@Ni-Se electrode required a cell voltage of 1.337 V at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the HER-UOR (overall urea electrolysis) process. These findings highlight the effectiveness of utilizing the UOR as an alternative to the OER. Overall, this study offers a new approach for the rational design of bifunctional electrocatalysts aimed at large-scale, energy-efficient hydrogen production. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords: Electrodeposition Hydrogen evolution reaction Phosphide-based electrodes Urea oxidation reaction

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 135166 | EID: 2-s2.0-105000788721

Pechini sol-gel synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical evaluation of ternary NdCoO3/Co3O4/GO nanocomposite as a potential hydrogen storage material

2025

Ehsanizadeh S.A.; Ansarinejad H.; Hameed S.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , Vol. 128, pp. 146-158

4 citations Article English ISSN: 03603199

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Optics, College of Health & Medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Excessive use of fossil fuels has played a major role in causing environmental pollution and driving climate change. One approach to tackling these issues is using renewable energy sources like hydrogen. This research reports the successful synthesis of NdCoO3 (NCO) nanostructure through the efficient Pechini sol-gel method with various cross-linking agents and the composition of the optimum sample with graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets for electrochemical hydrogen storage applications. The physicochemical features such as shape, porosity, size, composition, and purity of as-synthesized compounds were characterized by different techniques. The electrochemical properties of the samples were studied using a series of analysis. NdCoO3/Co3O4/GO-50 % nanocomposite as the energetic active material exhibited a remarkable hydrogen storage capacity, reaching up to 462.5 mA h/g compared to NCO-3 (60.72 mA h/g), NdCoO3/Co3O4/GO-10 % (438.8 mA h/g) and NdCoO3/Co3O4/GO-25 % (268.1 mA h/g) at constant current 1 mA after 15 cycles. The synergistic effect between each component of improved-nanocomposite (NdCoO3/Co3O4/GO-50 %) with excellent properties suggested nanocomposite as a superior candidate for high-performance electrochemical hydrogen storage application. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

Keywords: Electrochemical hydrogen storage Graphene oxide Nanostructures Perovskite neodymium cobaltite Ternary nanocomposite

Elsevier Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-105002485347

Pechini synthesis and characterization of Ni3TiO5/NiTiO3 nanocomposites and their application as nano-photocatalyst for degradation of water-soluble organic pollutants under visible light

2025

Saadati-Gullojeh M.R.; Ghanbari M.; Ehsani A.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Surfaces and Interfaces , Vol. 66

4 citations Article English ISSN: 24680230

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

The synthesis, structural characterization, and photocatalytic activity of Ni3TiO5/NiTiO3 nanocomposites at different experimental parameters are explored in this work. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the samples at 900 °C (the optimized temperature) developed using different precursors (molar ratio of Ni: Ti = 0.75:1) confirmed the prevalence of well-crystallized Ni3TiO5 (tetragonal structure) and NiTiO3 (rhombohedral structure). FTIR measurements confirmed the formation of characteristic metal–oxygen bonds associated with Ni3TiO5 and NiTiO3, whereas FESEM and TEM analyses revealed an optimal particle morphology with low aggregation. Under visible light illumination, the nanocomposite showed a notable photocatalytic performance of 86.78 % of malachite green (MG) degraded at neutral pH and 97.25 % under alkaline conditions. Kinetic analysis showed pseudo-first-order reaction behavior, with the highest rate constant (k = 0.03727 min⁻¹) at alkaline pH. Degradation of organic pollutants was mainly caused by hydroxyl radicals and photogenerated holes, and dye concentration, catalyst dosage, and reactive oxygen species had a specific influence on the photodecomposition efficiency. Treated material was tested for reusability, with the efficiency reduced only by about 8.55 % to just 78.23 % after five cycles, reflecting relatively good stability. Ni3TiO5/NiTiO3 exhibited excellent catalytic activity compared with other similar photocatalysts. These findings highlight the potential of the nanocomposite for practical application in wastewater treatment. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Malachite green Nano-photocatalyst Nanostructures Ni<sub>3</sub>TiO<sub>5</sub>/NiTiO<sub>3</sub> Nanocomposites Semiconductors Water pollution

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 106604 | EID: 2-s2.0-105003962256

Synergistic Effect Strategies of the Water-Splitting Photocatalyst Performance in MXenes Coupled System: A Critical Review

2025

Tuama A.N.; Alsultany F.H.; Alzubaidi L.H.; Abass K.H.; Salman Z.N.; Abdali K.; Tomma D.N.

Journal of Cluster Science , Vol. 36 (3)

4 citations Review English ISSN: 10407278

Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babil, 51001, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, University of Hilla, Babylon, Iraq; Iraq Ministry of Education, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Mathematics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

The unusual physical and chemical features of transition metal carbide or nitride (MXene) make it an attractive candidate for developing two-dimensional materials over a variety of applications, including lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, and biomedical applications. MXene may enable quick separation of photogenerated charge carriers in photocatalysis and supply a large number of functional groups at the surface for materials used in light harvesting, enabling high photoconversion efficiency. Several synthesizing methods for producing 2D MXene nanosheets are covered, including electrochemical etching, hydrothermal synthesis, calcination, exfoliation, and electrostatic assembly, and the impact of the etching conditions is also covered. Specifically, applications related to water-splitting-based hydrogen production were thoroughly discussed based on the synergistic effect between MXene and other materials, which may direct future research into the structuring of novel catalysts with exceptional water-splitting activities. This understanding of the mechanisms underlying the exceptional performances seen in experiments and calculations was particularly insightful. Then, based on the synergistic impact with other catalyst materials, we outline the current developments and progress in the hydrogen production efficiency of MXene-based photocatalysts. Lastly, we offer some closing thoughts and the prospects for developing extremely effective MXene-based photocatalysts in the realm of water splitting. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

Keywords: MXene hybridization MXenes Photocatalyst Synergistic effect strategies Water splitting

Springer | Art. 83 | EID: 2-s2.0-105002916743

Preparation of Nanoparticles Loaded by Dimethyl Fumarate and Their Physical and Chemical Properties Study

2025

Alhussein A.B.A.; Gaaz T.S.; Jaaz A.H.; Alsultany F.H.; Kadhum A.A.H.; Al-Amiery A.A.; Al-Bahrani H.A.

Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section A , Vol. 8 (1), pp. 194-208

4 citations Article English ISSN: 26457768

Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), P.O. Box 43000, Selangor, Bangi, Malaysia; Prosthetics and Orthotics Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, College of Science, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, Iraq; College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq; Engineering Technical College, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, AUIQ, Dhi Qar, An Nasiriyah, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq

When nanotechnology is used in medicine, it makes it easier to find and treat a wide range of diseases. The potentially fatal disease multiple sclerosis (MS) has a disproportionately large impact on young people. One of the oral options for treating this condition is dimethyl fumarate (DMF). This study aimed to use platelet membranes and polymeric nanoparticles (PNs) to develop a drug delivery system that mimics biological cells to treat MS. Here, we produced and characterized solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing dimethyl fumarate (DMF). To make SLNs, DMF is combined with biocompatible lipids using hot emulsion and ultrasonication techniques. These DMF-SLNs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR spectroscopy, and a zeta meter instrument. Characterization revealed that the optimal SLNs had a polydispersity index of (0.28, 0.96, 0.77), a zeta potential of (-22.73 mV,-28.7 mV, and-30.13 mV), and a mean particle size of (562 nm, 1997 nm, and 849 nm). The results of this study suggest that the present formulation may be a potential longer-acting formulation for the improved management of MS. SLNs could significantly change the treatment of many illnesses by providing effective drug delivery. © 2025 by SPC (Sami Publishing Company).

Keywords: Dimethyl fumarate Fumaric acid Immunomodulatory Multiple sclerosis

Sami Publishing Company | EID: 2-s2.0-85204768336

Electrochemical hydrogen storage capabilities of Li2Co2(MoO4)2 nanostructures: Schiff base-assisted synthesis and characterization

2025

Karkeh-Abadi F.; Ghiyasiyan-Arani M.; Mustafa Hameed S.; Alsultany F.H.; Hussain Hamza H.; Aljeboree A.M.; Salavati-Niasari M.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , Vol. 128, pp. 377-385

3 citations Article English ISSN: 03603199

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashanghiy, Iran; Department of Optics, College of Health & Medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq

In light of the fact that transition metal oxides can have a synergistic effect during electrochemical operations, they are now the subject of extensive research as potential electrode materials for the subsequent group of storage strategies. Effect of ligand ratio on the morphology and purity of samples was investigated and analyzed using XRD, SEM and TEM data. The purity of all samples shows the formation of Li2Co2(MoO4)2 phase with a partial phase of CoMoO4, in the hydrothermal synthesis. Diverse morphology of rods, tiny rods and flower-shaped structures were observed in the presence of different ratios of ligands. Elemental and functional groups analysis were conducted using EDS and FT-IR examination. In the presence of Schiff-base ligand, the Li2Co2(MoO4)2 samples that were created act as a functional component of the electrochemical energy storage classification. The electrochemical system comprises a KOH electrolyte and a three-electrode cell for chronopotentiometry charge-discharge test. Both the stability of the materials, as well as the kinetics of the electrochemical procedure, are affected by the form of the components that are included inside the working electrode. In order to determine which parameters required the most efficient performance, the capacity of the synthesized Li2Co2(MoO4)2 was examined under various circumstances. A supreme capacity of 450 mAhg−1 was shown by the findings after 15 cycles were completed. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

Keywords: Electrochemical hydrogen storage Electrode material Li<sub>2</sub>Co<sub>2</sub>(MoO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> nanostructures Nanorod Schiff-base template

Elsevier Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-105002696174

Synthesis and hydrogen storage application of innovated ternary-based NiFe2O4/Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nanocomposites by facile Pechini sol–gel method

2025

Razavi F.S.; Ansarinejad H.; Hameed S.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Applied Water Science , Vol. 15 (6)

3 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21905487

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Optics, College of Health and Medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Nowadays, renewable and clean energy sources, such as hydrogen, play a key role in the development of societies. Hydrogen can be stored in various ways, like the electrochemical approach. Hydrogen stands out as a promising clean-burning fuel for future energy systems. However, its relatively low volumetric energy density at ambient conditions has made it challenging to optimize its storage and use effectively. To tackle the energy crisis, researchers have been focusing on developing advanced electrode materials with high capacity to address these limitations and improve hydrogen's practicality for energy production and consumption. This study illustrates the first effort to design and investigate the performance of ternary NiFe2O4/Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nanocomposite as an electrocatalyst for usage in electrochemical hydrogen storage applications. Ternary NiFe2O4/Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nanocomposites have been synthesized through the multiple-step method. Various techniques have been employed to characterize the resulting nanostructures, focusing on aspects such as their morphology, porosity, dimensions, composition, and level of purity. Additionally, the efficiency of the engineered nanocomposites for electrochemical hydrogen storage has been assessed through cyclic voltammetry and galvonastatic charge–discharge methods. The discharge capacity value of NiFe2O4/Fe2O3/g-C3N4 ternary nanocomposites at constant current (± 1 mA) in an alkaline solution (KOH 2.0 M) was obtained to be 900 mAh/ after 15 cycles, while this value of NiFe2O4 nanostructure and NiFe2O4/Fe2O3 nanocomposite was estimated about 480 and 725 mAh/g at the same condition, respectively. Based on the results, electrochemical hydrogen storage capacity of NiFe2O4/Fe2O3/g-C3N4 has been improved due to the several reasons including (i) formation of new sites through the charge and discharge reaction at the working electrode surface, (ii) high specific surface area of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and (iii) synergistic effect between each component of final nanocomposite. NiFe2O4/Fe2O3/g-C3N4-based ternary nanocomposites display superior hydrogen sorption during the physisorption process, redox reaction and spillover mechanism which confirms the NiFe2O4/Fe2O3/g-C3N4 nanocomposites are favorable candidate to use for hydrogen storage application. © The Author(s) 2025.

Keywords: Discharge capacity Green energy Nanostructures NiFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites Pechini sol–gel synthesis

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 134 | EID: 2-s2.0-105005401589

pH-Responsive biopolymer/nano-clay hydrogel beads for dual dye removal: adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and reusability

2025

Aljeboree A.M.; Hussein U.A.-R.; Alkaim A.F.; Abd S.; Alsultany F.H.; Altimari U.S.

Polymer Bulletin , Vol. 82 (16), pp. 11357-11393

2 citations Article English ISSN: 01700839

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Science, Al-Manara College For Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

This study presents the synthesis and evaluation of a new, environmentally friendly cross-linked hydrogel bio-composite (NIP-Clay/Kc-GG-Ca) for the effective removal of anionic and cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. The hydrogel was fabricated by copolymerizing κ-carrageenan (Kc) and guar gum (GG), modified with N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIP) and reinforced with vermiculite clay, followed by ionic cross-linking using calcium ions (Ca2⁺). Several formulations were prepared and optimized to enhance the structural, swelling, and adsorption properties of the hydrogel. The composite was comprehensively characterized using various techniques: field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine surface morphology and microstructure; energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) for elemental analysis; X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine crystallinity; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) for identifying functional groups; thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for assessing thermal stability; and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis to evaluate surface area and porosity. Swelling behavior was studied at pH levels of 2, 4, 7, and 10 over 24 h, with maximum swelling observed at pH 7. Optimal formulation parameters were determined to be a KC/GG ratio of 1:3, NIP at 0.55 g/10 mL, clay at 0.1 g/10 mL, and 4% CaCl₂. Under these conditions, the hydrogel showed excellent adsorption capacities for both Congo Red (693.86 mg/g at pH 5) and Maxilon Blue GRL (947.87 mg/g at pH 7). Adsorption followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, while equilibrium data best fit the Freundlich isotherm model. The mechanism of adsorption involved π–π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interactions. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Furthermore, the hydrogel retained high adsorption performance and structural stability over six regeneration cycles, demonstrating its practical potential as a reusable and sustainable adsorbent for wastewater treatment applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

Keywords: Carrageenan Congo red Guar gum Maxilon blue Polymer Superabsorbent Vermiculite clay

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | EID: 2-s2.0-105014877878

Sonochemical synthesis and characterization of La2FeMnO6 nanostructures and their application as photocatalysts for degradation of water-soluble organic pollutants under visible light

2025

Rahimkhoei V.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Dawi E.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.

Journal of Water Process Engineering , Vol. 76

2 citations Article English ISSN: 22147144

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Ajman University, P. O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Increasing levels of environmental pollution have highlighted the need for photocatalysts that can efficiently decompose both synthetic and natural contaminants, such as dyes, in the treatment of wastewater. By employing a Sonochemical technique, we synthesized La2FeMnO6 (LFMO) nanoparticles that exhibit reactivity to visible light. These nanoparticles serve to decompose Erythrosine, an organic contaminant. A range of factors, such as various alkaline solutions, were employed alongside different ultrasound power and durations, to assess their impact on the purity and particle size of LFMO nanoparticles. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no research focusing on LFMO nanoparticles synthesized through the Sonochemical method, particularly concerning their effectiveness in degrading dyes under visible light exposure. The findings indicated that en was the optimal option for producing the smallest and most uniform particles. It is recommended to apply 60 W of power for 10 min during sound treatment to achieve a clean result. We evaluated the effectiveness of the product by assessing its ability to eliminate color from three dyes—Erythrosine, Eriochrome black T, and Malachite green—under visible light conditions. Erythrosine exhibited the highest degradation rate, reaching 76.06 %. Alternatively, Malachite green showed minimal degradation, with a breakdown rate of 12.28 %. Making highly active LFMO nanostructures for photocatalysis using simple and fast sonochemical methods could help clean the environment effectively. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords: Double-perovskite La<sub>2</sub>FeMnO<sub>6</sub> nanoparticles Nanostructures Sonication Visible light nano-photocatalyst

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 108125 | EID: 2-s2.0-105007698423

Magnetically separable ternary CdFe2O4/Fe2O3/CeO2 nanocomposites for visible-light photodegradation of eosin Y

2025

Rezaei M.; Ansarinejad H.; Akbari A.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Results in Engineering , Vol. 27

2 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 25901230

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Iraq

The present work focuses on the development of ternary CdFe2O4/Fe2O3/CeO2 nanocomposites as photocatalyst via the facile and inexpensive auto-combustion method. In this approach, maleic acid was used as the capping and fuel agent and Tetraethylenepentamine, ethylenediamine, NaOH and NH3 were employed as alkaline agents. Physico-chemical properties of as-fabricated nanocomposites characterized by several methods including x-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and N2 gas absorption/desorption analysis or Brunauer-Emmett-Tellers (BET). Based on DRS analysis, the band gap of the three-component CdFe2O4/Fe2O3/CeO2 nanocomposite was obtained to be 2.0 eV, indicating that CdFe2O4/Fe2O3/CeO2 nanostructure can act as a photocatalyst under visible light. The photocatalytic activity of CdFe2O4/Fe2O3/CeO2 nanostructures was investigated against eosin Y (EY) and Malachite green (MG) pollutants. Also, the photocatalytic reaction mechanism was studied using EDTA, benzoic acid and ascorbic acid as scavengers. The results presented that under optimal conditions, EY and MG dyes were degraded to be 84.59 % and 76.77 %, respectively. Given the impressive photocatalytic performance demonstrated in this study, the CdFe2O4/Fe2O3/CeO2 nanocomposite shows strong potential as an effective catalyst for removing both anionic and cationic organic pollutants from aqueous solutions. © 2025 The Authors

Keywords: Auto-combustion CdFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CeO<sub>2</sub> Nanocomposite Nano-photocatalyst Nanostructures Separable Water pollution

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 106115 | EID: 2-s2.0-105009805583

A high-performance magnetically separable and reusable BiFeO3/Bi25FeO40 nano-photocatalyst for purifying water under visible light irradiation

2025

Dehaghi Z.H.; Ghiyasiyan-Arani M.; Shabani-Nooshabadi M.; Alsultany F.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

RSC Advances , Vol. 15 (44), pp. 36924-36937

2 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 20462069

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

This research focuses on the rapid synthesis of photocatalyst materials based on bismuth iron oxides using the sol–gel technique in the presence of various saccharides. Bismuth iron oxides were used due to their magnetic properties and their band gaps that fall in the visible light region. The capacity of the synthesized samples to photodegrade and remove cationic and anionic dyes from water was evaluated. For the purposes of confirming the photocatalytic mechanism, a kinetic analysis and an examination of the active species were carried out. In addition, the recycling and reuse of the BiFeO3/Bi25FeO40 nano-photocatalyst were investigated over a number of cycles. The BiFeO3/Bi25FeO40 nanocomposite, which was synthesized in the presence of glucose, showed higher erythrosine photo-degradation efficiency, around 97% after 120 min under visible light irradiation, than the other samples. Also, after 5 cycles, the photo-degradation using the optimal catalyst reached 88% and it showed suitable stability. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Royal Society of Chemistry | EID: 2-s2.0-105018171793

An experimental study on the agitating efficiency and power consumption for viscoelastic-based nanofluids: Elasticity, impeller effects, and artificial neural network approach

2025

Hassanlouei R.N.; Jahangiri M.; Alsultany F.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering , Vol. 68

1 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 2214157X

Faculty of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Eng., Semnan University, P.O. Box 35196-45399, Semnan, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran

In industrial mixing applications, the power consumption and mixing time are employed widely for engineering equipment designs containing non-Newtonian, especially viscoelastic fluids. Though readings on nanofluids are growing, the attentions on nanofluids built on three ingredients elements of viscoelastic-based nanofluids (VBN) are insufficient. Subsequently, in previous study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were functionalized chemically with carboxyl groups (to prepare f-MWCNT) nanoparticles and characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. In this study, three constituents, viscoelastic-based fluid have been made by using (f1) a mixture of polyacrylamide, glycerol, and water as the base fluid and (f2) synthesized f-MWCNT as the nanoparticles. Further, the power consumption and mixing time of the VBN, i. e. f1+f2, with Rushton turbine disk (RTD), 45° pitched blade turbine (PBT), and hydrofoil (HF) impellers were measured in the transition region (10 < Re < 1800). The mixing times of the RTD, PBT, and HF impellers were measured for different VBN by the thermal response method resulting in minimum mixing time for the RTD. It was shown that mixing time increases with increasing of both nanoparticle and polyacrylamide (PAA) concentrations. Also, by increasing the both PAA and f-MWCNT mass fraction (high elasticity), the power number of the impellers rises and falls in low and high Reynolds numbers, respectively. In addition, artificial neural network (ANN) modelling with two hidden layers (4:15:12:1) was developed to predict the power consumption using impeller types, rotational speed, f-MWCNT, and PAA weight fraction. The correlation coefficient (R), and root mean square (RMSE) parameters of the test dataset are 0.99 and 0.0014, respectively which confirms the high accuracy of the presented ANN relationship. © 2025 The Authors

Keywords: Mixing time Nanofluids Power consumption Viscoelastic

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 105941 | EID: 2-s2.0-85218450119

Biopolymer-grafted hydrogel composites based on activated carbon: structural properties, adsorption mechanism, and RSM-BBD optimization

2025

Aljeboree A.M.; Hussein U.A.-R.; Alkaim A.F.; Abd S.; Alsultany F.H.; Altimari U.S.

Journal of Polymer Research , Vol. 32 (10)

1 citations Article English ISSN: 10229760

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Science, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

This study presents a novel hydrogel composite synthesized by grafting guar gum with itaconic acid and N-isopropylacrylamide, combined with bio-derived activated carbon. While these components have been individually explored, their unique integration imparts dual pH and temperature-responsive behaviour, significantly enhancing adsorption capacity and regeneration performance compared to conventional hydrogels. Comprehensive characterization through FESEM-EDX, TEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET confirmed the composite’s structural and morphological features conducive to efficient dye adsorption. The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) was systematically evaluated under varying conditions and optimized via response surface methodology (RSM). The hydrogel exhibited a high swelling capacity (SP% = 1100%) and gel content (Gc% = 90%), with adsorption kinetics fitting the pseudo-first-order model and equilibrium data aligning with the Freundlich isotherm, indicating multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous sites. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. Notably, the composite maintained substantial adsorption efficiency after six regeneration cycles, demonstrating excellent reusability. The novelty of this research lies in the strategic design of a dual-responsive natural polymer network functionalized with sustainable activated carbon, yielding a highly effective, reusable adsorbent for dye removal. This composite material offers a promising, eco-friendly approach for treating industrial wastewater contaminated with cationic dyes such as MB dye. © The Polymer Society, Taipei 2025.

Keywords: Gel Hydrogel Methylene blue Polymer Regeneration RSM Swelling

Springer Science and Business Media B.V. | Art. 355 | EID: 2-s2.0-105018121480

Investigation of application of thermal analysis methods in pharmaceutical residues in wastewater: a systematic review

2025

Pirsaheb M.; Seifi H.; Gholami T.; Hussein U.A.-R.; Alsultany F.H.; Al-Mashhadani Z.I.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry , Vol. 150 (14), pp. 10645-10657

1 citations Article English ISSN: 13886150

Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran

Pharmaceutical residues in wastewater have emerged as persistent environmental pollutants due to their widespread use, biological activity, and resistance to degradation. These residues, often detected at concentrations ranging from nanograms to micrograms per liter, pose ecological and health risks by contributing to antimicrobial resistance and endocrine disruption. Conventional analytical methods for detecting such residues are often time-consuming, expensive, and limited in characterizing degradation behavior. This systematic review evaluates the potential of thermal analysis techniques—namely thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), evolved gas analysis (EGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA)—for identifying, characterizing, and assessing the degradation of pharmaceutical residues in wastewater. Across peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2025, these methods demonstrated effectiveness in elucidating degradation temperatures (e.g., 100–300 °C for amoxicillin trihydrate), identifying by-products, and characterizing adsorbents used in removal processes. For instance, TGA revealed multi-step degradation of pharmaceuticals, while DSC confirmed thermal transitions indicative of purity and stability. Thermal analysis also supported the evaluation of adsorbents' thermal resistance, with many studies reporting adsorbent stability up to 600 °C. The integration of TA methods with spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques significantly enhanced analytical sensitivity and selectivity. Despite limitations such as sensitivity at ultra-trace levels and matrix interference, TA methods offer a cost-effective, non-destructive, and complementary approach for environmental monitoring. This review highlights critical research gaps, such as the need for standard protocols, and proposes a roadmap for future studies to optimize and integrate thermal methods in pharmaceutical wastewater analysis. © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt 2025.

Keywords: DSC Environmental contamination Pharmaceutical residues Thermal analysis Thermogravimetric analysis Wastewater monitoring

Springer Science and Business Media B.V. | EID: 2-s2.0-105008650363

Lu2CrMnO6 double perovskites: Sonochemical fabrication, optimization, characterization, and investigation of the electrochemical hydrogen storage properties

2025

Rahimkhoei V.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Dawi E.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.; Hamadanian M.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , Vol. 161

1 citations Article English ISSN: 03603199

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Ajman University, P. O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Dependence on fossil fuels results in significant environmental contamination and is a key factor in climate change. One possible remedy for these challenges is transitioning to renewable energy sources like hydrogen. This report uses a practical sonochemical approach to successfully create Lu2CrMnO6 (LCMO) nanostructures. These materials were developed through sonication and various alkaline solutions, adjusting ultrasound parameters and durations to enhance electrochemical hydrogen storage. Furthermore, we combined the optimal sample with g-C3N4 nanosheets for hydrogen storage utilizing an electrochemical technique. Different microscope varieties and spectroscopic technologies such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and BET analysis, were used to evaluate the shape, size, and specific attributes of nanostructures. The effect of incorporating carbonous compounds (g-C3N4) regarding energy release and the material's performance was evaluated during multiple electrical tests. The LCMO/g-C3N4 nanomaterials can be used as a promising new combination for storing hydrogen through electrochemistry. The study revealed that [LCMO/g-C3N450 %] nanocomposites are highly effective for hydrogen storage. The enhancement in hydrogen storage capacity to 494.72 mAhg−1 at constant current 1 mA after 15 cycles can be attributed to the synergistic effects of LCMO and g-C3N4, which facilitate the charging and discharging processes. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

Keywords: Double-perovskites Electrochemical hydrogen storage Lu<sub>2</sub>CrMnO<sub>6</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites Nanostructures Sonication

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 150661 | EID: 2-s2.0-105011692329

A comparative study on effect of g-C3N4 and GO as additives on Cu3Mo2O9-based nanocomposites as potential hydrogen storage material

2025

Samimi F.; Ghiyasiyan-Arani M.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , Vol. 157

1 citations Article English ISSN: 03603199

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

Cu3Mo2O9 was synthesized through hydrothermal method in the existence of bis(acetylacetanato) propylene diamine (H2acacpn) Schiff-base ligand as a capping agent. Effect of amount of ligand on the morphology and size uniformity was investigated to optimize ideal sample as an electrode material. Also, Cu3Mo2O9-based composites designed in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), separately. The microstrain, porosity and magnetic properties of samples compared to achieved optimized electrode materials. Electrochemical hydrogen storage capacity of carbonous composites compared with pristine Cu3Mo2O9 electrode in 2.0 M KOH electrolyte and applying 1 mA constant current. Results show the increasing in the discharge capacity by applying GO as additive in the composite texture of Cu3Mo2O9. So, maximum discharge capacity reached to 1200 mA h/g for GO based Cu3Mo2O9 composites. However, pristine Cu3Mo2O9 presents 560 mA h/g discharge capacity. The g-C3N4 based composites cannot show developed hydrogen storage discharge capacity (400 mA h/g) due to blocking active sites of Cu3Mo2O9 nanoparticles. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

Keywords: Cu<sub>3</sub>Mo<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9</sub> Electrochemistry Energy storage Graphene oxide Morphology Nanostructures

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 150481 | EID: 2-s2.0-105010676687

Thermal analysis as a tool for the environmental assessment of agricultural chemical residues: a systematic review

2025

Gholami T.; Pirsaheb M.; Seifi H.; Alsultany F.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

RSC Advances , Vol. 15 (19), pp. 15408-15416

1 citations Review Open Access English ISSN: 20462069

Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box. 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran

This review investigates the use of thermal analysis (TA) methods for the assessment of agricultural chemical residues. It also focuses on the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential TA (DTA) to evaluate the thermal characteristics and degradation products of such residues. An extensive literature review was conducted in scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science to identify relevant studies published between 2000 and 2023. This review also highlights the success of TA in the detection of residue composition and stability as well as the potential hazards posed to the environment. The findings of this review demonstrate that TA methods offer valuable information on the thermal stability and degradation profiles of several agricultural chemicals and are therefore useful in assessing the long-term environmental impact of such chemicals. The discussion majorly revolves around the advantages of thermal techniques over conventional chemical techniques, such as their ability to analyze complex mixtures with minimal sample preparation. Overall, this review finds that TA is a valuable tool for environmental monitoring to help improve sustainable agricultural practices through better management and understanding of chemical residues in the environment. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Royal Society of Chemistry | EID: 2-s2.0-105005768119

The impact of laser pulses on the optical and structural characteristics of WO3 nanoparticles fabricated via laser ablation in liquid (PLAL)

2025

Salim E.T.; Saimon J.A.; Muhsin M.S.; Fakhri M.A.; Amin M.H.; Basem A.; Azzahrani A.S.; Mohamed F.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.; Salim Z.T.

Journal of Optics (India) , Vol. 54 (5), pp. 3301-3315

1 citations Article English ISSN: 09728821

Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq; Air Conditioning Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Defence Industries Commission, State Company for Military Industries (SCMI), Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India

This study examined the impact of the number of laser shots on the quantity of ablated materials and the optical, structural, and morphological characteristics of WO3 nanoparticles (NPs) produced via pulsed laser ablation utilizing a tungsten plate. Ablation medium used deionized water as the at fixed fluence of laser at 76.43 J/cm2. The ablation procedure was conducted using a 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and various laser shots of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 shots, respectively, at room temperature. The absorption analysis revealed an obvious correlation between the number of laser shots and the amount of material ablated. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) pictures provided evidence that the grain size of the resulting nanoparticles (NPs) increases as the number of laser pulses is increased. The UV–visible spectrum shows an absorbance rise and slight shift towards longer wavelengths (red shift). The result Photoluminescence produced a red shift as the number of laser pulses increases. Further, the X-ray pattern revealed a polycrystalline structure with a preferential orientation at the (220) plane, corresponding to a diffraction angle of 58.84°. The optical bandgap energy of WO3-NPs decreases as the number of laser pulses increases. These energies were calculated to be 3.45, 3.42, 3.34, 3.33, and 3.3 eV for 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 laser pulses, respectively. The photoluminescence results are consistent with the predicted bandgap values. The purpose of the research was to determine how the parameter laser, or the quantity of laser pulses, affected the optical, structural, and morphological characteristics of WO3 nanoparticles created by pulsed laser ablation in a liquid medium. It was found that the concentration and size of WO3 Nanoparticles increased with an increase in the number of laser pulses. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Optical Society of India 2024.

Keywords: Morphological properties Number of laser pulses PLAL Structural properties nanoparticles WO<sub>3</sub>

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85201186548

Plasmon-Enhanced ZnO/Ag Nanoparticles with Synergistic Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities

2025

Kadhim S.A.; Ghazi R.A.; Abbasi A.; Sadaka M.W.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Flayih M.H.; Shamkhi A.F.

Plasmonics , Vol. 20 (11), pp. 10077-10086

1 citations Article English ISSN: 15571955

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq; Physics Department, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq; College of Pharmacy, Al-Hadba University, Mosul, Iraq; Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq

Plasmonic nanomaterials have garnered significant attention for their enhanced optical, antibacterial, and anticancer properties, owing to their surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects. In this study, ZnO and ZnO/Ag nanoparticles were synthesized using green synthesis approach. The structural, morphological, and physicochemical properties of the fabricated nanomaterials were systematically characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). XRD analysis confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO, while additional peaks in ZnO/Ag nanoparticles indicated successful silver incorporation. TEM imaging revealed a spherical morphology with average particle sizes of 35 ± 10 nm for ZnO and 55 ± 10 nm for ZnO/Ag. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles was assessed against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis using broth microdilution method. ZnO/Ag nanoparticles exhibited superior antibacterial efficacy, particularly against Gram-negative strains, due to the synergistic action of ZnO-mediated oxidative stress and Ag⁺-induced membrane disruption. The plasmonic properties of Ag further contributed to the antibacterial effect by enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under light exposure. Moreover, the MTT assay demonstrated a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on A-549 lung carcinoma cells, with ZnO/Ag nanoparticles displaying a lower IC50 than ZnO. The enhanced anticancer activity was attributed to increased mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS generation, and apoptosis induction, further amplified by plasmonic interactions. These findings highlight the potential of ZnO/Ag nanomaterials as promising candidates for biomedical applications, particularly in antimicrobial and anticancer therapies. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

Keywords: A-549 Antibacterial Anticancer Plasmonic effect Silver ZnO/Ag nanoparticles

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-105007945364

Schiff base-assisted hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of manganese vanadate with varying phase purity nanostructures as efficient electrode materials for electrochemical hydrogen storage applications

2025

Gomrokchi P.; Ghiyasiyan-Arani M.; Dawi E.A.; Aljeboree A.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Shabani-Nooshabadi M.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Energy Nexus , Vol. 20

Article Open Access English ISSN: 27724271

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Ajman University, P. O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-53153, Iran

Hydrothermal manufacturing of manganese vanadate nanostructures in the presence of ligand as capping agent which employed as electrode materials with custom form was achieved. Different settings produced samples with different content, phase purity and shape. Structural properties investigated by XRD, FT-IR, EDX, FE-SEM, TEM and BET. Activity of electrode materials with various phase purities was compared using the charge-discharge test. The manufactured Mn(VO3)2 (MV2) shows a capacity of 507 mAhg-1 after 20 cycles at a current density of 1 mA. Other synthesized samples MV3 and MV4 with phase content of Mn2V2O7 and Mn(VO3)2 represents capacity in maximum level (20th cycle) 250 and 435 mAhg-1, respectively. So, sample MV2 shows higher electrochemical hydrogen storage capacity which synthesized by assembling nanoparticles to form of small sheets. Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Keywords: Electrochemical hydrogen storage Hydrothermal Manganese vanadate nanostructures Morphology Phase purity

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 100597 | EID: 2-s2.0-105025669894

Emerging Ni3TiO5/NiTiO3 nanocomposites: Unlocking pseudocapacitive energy storage in symmetric supercapacitors

2025

Saadati-Gullojeh M.R.; Ghanbari M.; Bigdeloo M.; Alsultany F.H.; Hamza H.H.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Energy Nexus , Vol. 20

Article Open Access English ISSN: 27724271

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, I. R, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq, Baghdad, Karkh, Iraq

Supercapacitors (SCs) offer numerous benefits such as stability, high power density, cost efficiency, extended cycle life, rapid charging/discharging abilities, elevated specific capacitance (Cs), safety, and environmental sustainability among various energy storage systems. In SCs, the choice of materials for the electrode plays a vital role in the mechanism of charge storage. In this regard, the current work presented a novel Ni3TiO5/NiTiO3 nanocomposite fabrication, characterization, and application as a novel SC. Ni3TiO5/NiTiO3 nanocomposite was fabricated using the Pechini method and characterized by several analyses. The electrochemical performances were performed in three-electrode and two-electrode systems. Accordingly, different scan rate cyclic voltammograms exhibited fast reaction kinetics having pseudocapacitive characteristics owing to the efficient charge-storing mechanism imparted by Faradaic; the composited peak anodic current was calculated to be around 90 A g−1. The galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) tests revealed a Cs of 354.5 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and an excellent retention of 98.3% after 5000 cycles in the three-electrode system. In a two-electrode battery system, 220 F g−1 weighted Cs, 17.6 Wh kg−1 energy density, 733 W kg−1 power density, and remarkable cyclic stability (98.1% retention after 5000 cycles) were delivered. This work verifies Ni3TiO5/NiTiO3 as a potential material for high-performance SCs. © 2025 The Author(s).

Keywords: Electrochemical activity Nanostructures Ni<sub>3</sub>TiO<sub>5</sub>/NiTiO<sub>3</sub> nanocomposite Perovskites Sol-gel Supercapecitor

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 100567 | EID: 2-s2.0-105022192625

Retraction notice to “The computational investigation of thermal conductivity of 11S globulin protein for biological applications: Molecular dynamics simulation” [J. Mol. Liq. 346 (2022) 118267] (Journal of Molecular Liquids (2022) 346, (S0167732221029925), (10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118267))

2025

Fang Y.; Bokov D.O.; Hachem K.; Sabetvand R.; Alsultany F.H.; Suksatan W.; Hekmatifar M.; Toghraie D.

Journal of Molecular Liquids

Erratum Open Access English ISSN: 01677322

Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Henan, Anyang, 455000, China; Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants (LBPVBP), Faculty of Sciences, University of Saida – Dr Moulay Tahar, Saida, 20000, Algeria; Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Faculty of Condensed Matter Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iraq

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Post-publication, the editor discovered suspicious changes in authorship between the original submission and the revised version of this paper. During revision, one author was removed. The authors’ names Forat H. Alsultany, Dmitry Olegovich Bokov, Kadda Hachem, Wanich Suksatan and Yu Fang and were all added to the revised paper without explanation and without the exceptional approval by the journal editor, which is contrary to the journal policy on changes to authorship. The editor reached out to the authors for an explanation, but they failed to provide a satisfactory explanation to these changes. Overall, the editor feels that the findings of the manuscript cannot be relied upon, and the article needs to be retracted. The authors disagree with the retraction of the article and dispute the grounds for it. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 127017 | EID: 2-s2.0-85216688435

Multifunctional Zn2Ti3O8 nanoparticles: Dual photocatalytic and antibiofilm activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae

2025

Saadati-Gullojeh M.R.; Motlagh M.V.; Ghanbari M.; Jassim A.Y.; Alsultany F.H.; Alkaim A.F.; Rahimi M.R.; Salavati-Niasari M.; Khaledi A.

Inorganic Chemistry Communications , Vol. 182

Article English ISSN: 13877003

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran; Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Marine Vertebrate, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Iraq

In this work, the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and photocatalyst activities of zinc titanate (Zn₂Ti₃O₈) nanoparticles prepared by a facile and low-cost Pechini process are reported. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from ICU patients, including extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates, by the broth microdilution method. Zn₂Ti₃O₈ nanoparticles exhibited potent antimicrobial activity with an MIC value of 39.06 to 156.25 μg/mL and were found to effectively inhibit biofilm formation by 69.39 % at MIC and 55.48 % at ½ MIC concentrations. Antimicrobial gene expression studies of biofilm-related genes revealed that Zn₂Ti₃O₈ downregulated mrkA gene expression 34.36 ± 1.63 % at MIC and 27.86 ± 2.49 % at ½ MIC concentrations. MTT assay cytotoxicity on HDF cell lines confirmed good biocompatibility in the antibacterially efficacious doses, with cell viability above 96 % ± 1.5 at concentrations up to 312.5 μg/mL, and a significant reduction only at higher concentrations (625 and 1250 μg/mL). At the same time, the visible light-induced photocatalytic performance of Zn₂Ti₃O₈ was examined with various organic dyes. The nanoparticles exhibited excellent degradation activity, especially towards methylene blue (MB), with 98.02 % degradation within 90 min. The photocatalytic performance was affected by operating conditions such as dye concentration, catalyst loading, and the presence of reactive oxygen species scavengers. Kinetic investigations established that the degradation was pseudo-first-order in nature, and the material could be reused for five cycles without any noticeable loss of activity. These results highlight the novelty of integrating antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic properties into a single Zn₂Ti₃O₈ nanomaterial, directly addressing challenges in infection control and water purification. These findings demonstrate that Zn₂Ti₃O₈ nanoparticles display strong multifunctional properties of effective photocatalytic degradation of contaminants, superior antibacterial and antibiofilm performances, and minimal cytotoxicity. These properties render Zn₂Ti₃O₈ an excellent candidate for integrated environmental and biomedical applications, with the suggestion of further in vitro and in vivo validation. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Anti-biofilm Antibacterial MrkA - Klebsiella Pneumoniae MTT assay Nano-photocatalyst Zn<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> nanostructures

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 115613 | EID: 2-s2.0-105018321497

Enhanced electrochemical hydrogen storage performance through CdS incorporation in Fe2O3/Pt nanocomposites

2025

Razavi F.S.; Ansarinejad H.; Alsultany F.H.; Issa S.K.; Ghanbari D.; Abdolmohammadi S.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Surfaces and Interfaces , Vol. 75

Article English ISSN: 24680230

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Science, Arak University of Technology, Arak, 38135-1177, Iran; Department of Chemistry, ST.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Hydrogen storage is one of the most critical challenges in advancing the hydrogen economy, requiring innovative solutions for practical energy deployment. Among the proposed strategies, electrochemical hydrogen storage methods that use various electroactive materials have been introduced as promising solution to improve storage efficiency and reversibility. In this study, three component CdS/Fe2O3/Pt composites were fabricated by a simple multiple-step process. The phase analysis, microstructural, elemental composition, surface, and electrochemical features of as-synthesized products were studied via X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy dispersive x-rays (EDX), N2 adsorption/desorption, cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronopotentiometry (ChP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technologies. XRD analysis confirmed the coexistence of Fe2O3/Pt and CdS/Fe2O3/Pt phases in the nanocomposite. The surface morphology analysis of CdS/Fe2O3/Pt nanocomposite showed the sponge-like structure. A comparative investigation was conducted on the electrochemical hydrogen storage performance of CdS/Fe2O3/Pt nanocomposites and Fe2O3/Pt nanostructures. After 15 cycles, hydrogen storage capacity of CdS/Fe2O3/Pt nanocomposite was 2363 mAh g-1 in 2.0 M KOH electrolyte, while this value for Fe2O3/Pt nanostructures was 1912 mAh g-1. The CdS/Fe2O3/Pt nanocomposite exhibited a 1.24 times increase in electrochemical hydrogen storage capacity compared to the Fe2O3/Pt nanostructure. This study highlights that three component CdS/Fe2O3/Pt nanocomposite demonstrate exceptional hydrogen sorption capabilities, facilitated by both physisorption and redox mechanisms. These findings validate the potential of the CdS/Fe2O3/Pt three-component nanostructure for efficient hydrogen storage applications. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: CdS/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Pt Chronopotentiometry Electrochemical hydrogen storage Electrode material Nanostructures Three-component nanocomposite

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 107840 | EID: 2-s2.0-105022794273

Development of a Regenerable κ-Carrageenan/Clay Hydrogel for Sustainable Cationic Dye Removal: A Solution Chemistry and DFT-Guided Study

2025

Aljeboree A.M.; Hussein U.A.-R.; Alsultany F.H.; Al-Hussainy A.F.; Issa S.K.; Alkaim A.F.

Journal of Solution Chemistry

Article English ISSN: 00959782

Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Girls, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; College of Pharmacy, Ahl Al Bayt University, Kerbala, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq

A novel biopolymer-based hydrogel composite (KC-g-PIAV/Pa) was developed by grafting κ-carrageenan with itaconic acid, acrylamide, and sodium styrene sulfonate and reinforcing the network with 15 wt% palygorskite (Pa) clay via free radical copolymerization. Structural and morphological characterizations using FTIR, XRD, FESEM/EDX, HRTEM, BET, and TGA confirmed successful grafting, enhanced thermal stability, and the formation of a highly porous, crosslinked architecture. The inclusion of clay significantly improved the hydrogel’s gel content and mechanical integrity, while reducing the swelling ratio due to stronger interfacial interactions. The optimal hydrogel exhibited a BET surface area of 45.6 m2·g−1 and a thermal degradation onset above 300 °C. Adsorption experiments using Safranin T (ST) as a model cationic dye showed rapid uptake kinetics following a pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.998), and equilibrium data best fit the Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.991), indicating multilayer adsorption on a heterogeneous surface. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 1223.22 mg/g at 25 °C and pH 6. Thermodynamic analysis revealed a spontaneous and endothermic process (ΔH° = 14.8 kJ·mol−1, ΔG° < 0). Density functional theory (DFT) studies supported the involvement of hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attractions, and π–π stacking as dominant adsorption mechanisms. The hydrogel maintained over 80% removal efficiency after five regeneration cycles. These results demonstrate the potential of KC-g-PIAV/Pa as a renewable, high-capacity, and reusable adsorbent for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

Keywords: DFT Hydrogel Isotherm k-carrageenan Kinetic Regeneration Safranin T dye

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-105024119578

Accurate estimation of polyethylene glycol density via machine-learning based techniques

2025

Altalbawy F.M.A.; Alalaq I.S.; Ibrahim S.M.; Vaghela K.; Jaharadak A.A.; Singh P.; Kaur K.; Alsultany F.H.; Hameed S.M.; Altimari U.S.; Al-Farouni M.; Kiani M.

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society , Vol. 46 (4), pp. 429-440

Article Open Access English ISSN: 02532964

Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Dentistry, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Optics Techniques, Health and Medical Techniques College, Alnoor University, Mosul, Iraq; Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Marwadi University Research Center, Marwadi University, Gujarat, Rajkot, India; Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Malaysia; NIMS School of Allied Sciences and Technology, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Punjab, Mohali, India; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, Iraq; Department of Optics, College of Health & Medical Technology, Sawa University, Almuthana, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Omidiyeh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Omidiyeh, Iran

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been globally recognized as an environmentally-friendly chemical solvent used in many disciplines for various purposes. In this work, intelligent models are constructed based upon least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) methodologies optimized with either genetic algorithm (GA), coupled simulated annealing (CSA) or particle swarm optimization (PSO) to estimate PEG density in terms of PEG molecular weight, temperature, and pressure based upon data gathered from experimental works delineated in the published literature. Leverage method is performed on the acquired dataset to explore it in terms of outlier datapoints, and relevancy factor is used to perform sensitivity analysis. Graphical and statistical indexes are used to evaluate the authenticity of the developed models. The results show that nearly all intelligent models are accurate, with LSSVM-CSA being the most accurate model, which outperforms the modified Tait equation as outlined by the calculated mean square error, average absolute relative error, and R-squared values. In addition, the performed sensitivity analysis indicates that temperature is the most effective input variable with an indirect relationship. The developed intelligent models, particularly the LSSVM-CSA model, are highly capable of predicting PEG density without needing experimental approaches that are known to be arduous and laborious. © 2025 Korean Chemical Society and Wiley-VCH GmbH.

Keywords: intelligent modeling leverage technique PEG density sensitivity analysis

John Wiley and Sons Inc | EID: 2-s2.0-105003750515

2024

16 papers

Magnetically recyclable PrFeO3/g-C3N4 nano-photocatalyst with Z-scheme structure: Synthesis and characterization and its application for enhanced degradation of malachite green as contaminated water under sunlight

2024

Karimi Anjiraki M.; Ghiyasiyan-Arani M.; Baladi M.; Alsultany F.H.; Shabani-Nooshabadi M.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Inorganic Chemistry Communications , Vol. 170

24 citations Article English ISSN: 13877003

Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, Kashan, 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq

Using the modified sol–gel process, PrFeO3 nanoparticles were produced with citric acid, maleic acid and malic acid present as carboxylic acids. Research has been done on the effects of calcination temperature, and fuel type as operational synthesis factors on the product's characteristics. The nanocomposites based on PrFeO3 was fabricated with different percentage of g-C3N4. The resultant flawless sample was used as a photocatalyst to degrade organic dyes under visible light due to narrow band gap (2.42 eV). The scavengers for active agents were examined in order to better understand the process of photocatalytic degradation. Thus, maximal efficiency (93 %) was obtained employing 0.06 g PrFeO3/g-C3N410% nano-photocatalysts in 5 ppm malachite green. The optimized sample shows proper structural stability and recycles ability after 5 runs. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Band Gap Malachite Green Nanostructures Perovskite PrFeO<sub>3</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Nanocomposites Visible-Light Nano-Photocatalysts

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 113184 | EID: 2-s2.0-85204368852

Design and fabrication of graphitic carbon nitride incorporated zinc silicate hybrid nanocomposite for effective degradation of eriochrome black T dye as water pollutant under sunlight irradiations

2024

Hosseini M.; Ghanbari M.; Alsultany F.H.; Dawi E.A.; Altimari U.S.; Aljeboree A.M.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Inorganic Chemistry Communications , Vol. 167

21 citations Article English ISSN: 13877003

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Iran; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics, and Science, Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Engineering, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq

This paper presents an approach to prepare zinc silicate (Zn2SiO4) and its nanocomposites with graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) for enhanced photocatalytic performance. Zn2SiO4 was synthesized using a simple and cost-effective sonochemical method, followed by the fabrication of Zn2SiO4/g-C3N4 through an ultrasonic-assisted co-precipitation method. The characterization of Zn2SiO4 and its nanocomposites was carried out using various techniques such as XRD, FTIR, EDS, SEM, TEM, BET, and DRS. The main focus of this study was to investigate the photocatalytic efficiency of g-C3N4, Zn2SiO4, and different Zn2SiO4 nanocomposites for the degradation of eriochrome black T (EBT) and erythrosine (ER). It is worth noting that this is the first time Zn2SiO4 has been combined with carbon nitride, which resulted in excellent photocatalytic performance. The experimental results revealed that several factors influenced the efficiency of the photocatalytic process, including the content of Zn2SiO4 in the nanocomposite, catalyst loading, and initial concentration of EBT. Among all the tested compositions, Zn2SiO4/g-C3N4 with 10 % Zn2SiO4 exhibited the best performance. Specifically, when 70 mg of 10 % Zn2SiO4/g-C3N4 was used as a catalyst, it achieved a remarkable degradation efficiency of 75.5 % for 10 ppm EBT. This finding highlights the potential application of Zn2SiO4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites as efficient photocatalysts for environmental remediation. The results of scavenger test indicated that superoxide radicals and positive holes played significant roles in driving the photodegradation reactions. Furthermore, a kinetics study was performed to determine the rate constant (k) associated with the photocatalytic process. It was observed that a higher rate constant (k = 0.011 min−1) corresponded to a higher efficiency of 75.5 %. This finding suggests that the Zn2SiO4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites possess excellent photocatalytic activity and can effectively degrade organic pollutants. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Eriochrome black T Kinetics study Nanophotocatalyst Nanostructures Water remediation Zn<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>/g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Nanocomposites

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 112749 | EID: 2-s2.0-85196282311

Optimizing charge transport in hybrid GaN-PEDOT:PSS/PMMADevice for advanced application

2024

Fakhri M.A.; Salim E.T.; Ketab M.R.; Jabbar H.D.; Ibrahim O.A.; Azzahrani A.S.; AbdulRazzaq M.J.; Ismail R.A.; Basem A.; Alsultany F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.

Scientific Reports , Vol. 14 (1)

9 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 20452322

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Iraqi Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq; Shatt Al-Arab University College, Basrah, Iraq; Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Air Conditioning Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & amp; Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & amp; Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 602 105, India

Organic–inorganic hybrid light-emitting devices have garnered significant attention in the last few years due to their potential. These devices integrate the superior electron mobility of inorganic semiconductors with the remarkable optoelectronic characteristics of organic semiconductors. The inquiry focused on analyzing the optical and electrical properties of a light-emitting heterojunction that combines p-type GaN with organic materials (PEDOT, PSS, and PMMA). This heterojunction is an organic–inorganic hybrid. The procedure entailed utilizing a spin-coating technique to apply a layer of either poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or a mixture of PMMA and poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT: PSS) onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate. Subsequently, different Nd:YAG laser pulses (200, 250, and 300 pulses) were used to administer a GaN inorganic layer onto the prepared organic layer using a pulsed laser deposition approach. Subsequently, the thermal evaporation technique was employed to deposit an aluminum electrode on the top of the organic and inorganic layers, while laser pulses were fine-tuned for optimal performance. The Hall effect investigation verifies the p-type conductivity of the GaN material. The electroluminescence studies confirmed the production of blue light by the GaN-based devices throughout a range of voltage situations, spanning from 45 to 72 V. © The Author(s) 2024.

Keywords: GaN Hybrid heterojunction Light emitting diode Pulsed laser deposition

Nature Research | Art. 12841 | EID: 2-s2.0-85195246226

Green auto-combustion synthesis of SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 ferromagnetic-nanocomposites in the presence carbohydrate sugars and their application as photocatalyst for degradation of water-soluble organic-pollutants

2024

Ehsanizadeh S.A.; Goudarzi M.; Dawi E.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Aljeboree A.M.; Salavati-Niasari M.

Alexandria Engineering Journal , Vol. 108, pp. 206-220

8 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 11100168

Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P.O. Box. 87317-51167, IR, Kashan, Iran; Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Instituteof Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany; College of Humanities and Sciences, Department of Mathematics, and Science, Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Bbabylon, Hilla, Iraq

This study utilized an environmentally-friendly method to synthesize SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 nanocomposites using glucose and lactose as fuels. A variety of fuel concentrations were investigated in order to determine their effects on SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 nanocomposites from both a pure and a morphological perspective. Various physiochemical techniques were employed to examine the crystal structure, morphology, optical, magnetic, and surface properties of the synthesized nanoparticles. These techniques included X-ray diffract, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), vibrating sample magnetometers, and Brunauer-Emmett-Tellers. The band gap of the as-synthesized nanoparticles was determined to be 2.5 eV, suggesting that they are capable of acting as a photocatalyst under sunlight-like conditions. The photocatalytic activity of SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 nanocomposites was evaluated against Methyl orange (MO) and Methyl violet (MV), and the mechanism of the photocatalyst was investigated using EDTA, benzoic acid, and benzoquinone as scavengers. A comparison of photocatalytic activity in UV and sun-like light showed that maximum degradation (92 %) and (84.8 %) were related to degradation of MO (20 ppm) and MV in 60 min, respectively. The results indicate that SrNiO3/NiO/SrCO3 nanocomposites synthesized using the auto combustion method may serve as a promising photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants in the environment within a short period of time. © 2024 The Authors

Keywords: Nano-Photocatalyst Nanostructures Scavenger SrNiO<sub>3</sub>/NiO/SrCO<sub>3</sub> Nanocomposites Sun-like light

Elsevier B.V. | EID: 2-s2.0-85199903126

Novel electrosynthesis of Co–Mn–P nanosheets as efficient, economical and stable electrode materials for hydrogen evolution reaction and urea oxidation reaction

2024

Muzammil K.; Altalbawy F.M.A.; Sur D.; Ballal S.; Tham J.; Kumar A.V.; Formanova S.B.; Alalaq I.S.; Alsultany F.H.; Al-Abdeen S.H.Z.; Alhedrawe M.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy , Vol. 95, pp. 12-21

8 citations Article English ISSN: 03603199

Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushait Campus, King Khalid University, Abha, 62561, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Marwadi University Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Marwadi University, Gujarat, Rajkot, 360003, India; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; Management and Science University, Selangor, Shah Alam, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Raghu Engineering College, Dakamarri, Andhra Pradesh, 531162, India; Department of Chemistry and Its Teaching Methods, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of dentistry, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

The electrochemical water splitting process is one of the most promising approaches for sustainable hydrogen production. Unfortunately, the slow kinetic of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the surface of the anode has prevented the highly efficient production of hydrogen. One of the useful procedures to overcome this challenge is to replace the OER process by Urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Here, Co–Mn–P nanolayer was created on the surface of CoO nanosheets by electrodeposition process and its morphology, chemical composition and electrocatalytic properties were investigated in HER and UOR processes. In optimal conditions, this electrode needed only −82 mV and 1.342 V vs RHE, for HER and UOR processes at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 respectively. In addition, this electrode demonstrated a unique activity in the two-electrode urea electrolytic cell. Significantly, a low cell voltage of 1.444 V was required at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in the urea electrolysis cell. Moreover, the studied electrode showed excellent stability in the HER and overall urea electrolysis systems. This study introduces an effective strategy for designing active and stable catalyst for energy saving hydrogen production. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

Keywords: Electrodeposition Hydrogen evolution reaction Nanosheets Urea oxidation reaction

Elsevier Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85208940715

A novel ZIF-67@g-C3N4–based colorimetric sensor with large hierarchical structure and enhanced surface area for sensitive detection of nitrite in drinking water

2024

Ullah M.; Ganesan S.; Kumari B.; Zafar M.; Yusuf K.; Hussein S.A.; Issa S.K.; Alsultany F.H.; Singh M.; Zhengxin L.; Ullah S.

Ionics , Vol. 30 (10), pp. 6705-6718

6 citations Article English ISSN: 09477047

School of Material Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to Be University), Karnataka, Bangalore, India; NIMS School of Petroleum & Chemical Engineering, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India; Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacy, Al-Manara College For Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Applied Sciences, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Punjab, Mohali, 140307, India; Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kohat, Pakistan

The detrimental effects of nitrite (NO2 −) on environment as well as living organisms have attracted immense interest to sensitively detect it in the drinking water system. So, for this purpose, we have developed a highly sensible and portable colorimetric NO2 − sensor based on the CZ-2 nanocomposite (NC). The three dimensional (3D) with large hierarchical structure CZ-2 NC sensor was formed by the coupling of g-C3N4 nanosheets (NSs) and ZIF-67 nanoparticles (NPs) by a simple hydrothermal process. The prepared sensor was successfully employed to detect NO2 −, which manifests higher sensing characteristics like extensive sensitivity with large detection linear range of (1 × 10−3–7.20 × 10−1 μM) having a R2 of 0.999 and a lowest limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.16 ± 0.05 nM. Further, it also manifests excellent reversibility, better stability and durability, optimal reproducibility and superior repeatability. In addition, the sensor also depicts large selectivity towards NO2 − and improved practicability in real water sampling. These commendable sensing properties were mainly ascribed to the large conductive structure and highest surface area of the CZ-2 NC structure. Thus, as a result, we analyzed that our fabricated colorimetric sensor was highly potent, its applications in the sensing fields can be explored for future perspective. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Keywords: Colorimetric sensing g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Hierarchical structure NO<sub>2</sub> <sup>−</sup> ZIF-67

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | EID: 2-s2.0-85200987312

Deposition of Fe-CdZnS doped chalcogenide based thin films employing chemical bath deposition method: studies on microstructural morphology, optical, and electrical, properties for photovoltaic applications

2024

Salem K.H.; Mohammed K.A.; Shumaran D.A.; Algburi S.; Alkhafaji M.A.; Zabibah R.S.; Alsultany F.H.; Sharma S.; Kozak D.; Abbas M.; Lozanovic J.

Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing , Vol. 130 (8)

5 citations Article English ISSN: 09478396

College of Medical and Health Technologies, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, College of Medical Sciences, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq; Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq; Computer Engineering Techniques Department, College of Engineering Techniques, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq; National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Babil, 51001, Iraq; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lebanese American University, Kraytem, Beirut, 1102-2801, Lebanon; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, Rajpura, 140401, India; Mechanical Engineering Faculty in Slavonski Brod, University of Slavonski Brod, Trg Ivane Brlić-Mažuranić 2, Slavonski Brod, 35000, Croatia; Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; Department of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna, Vienna, 1100, Austria

A thin film of Fe-CdZnS was fabricated using the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) procedure in an aqueous solution, which was then deposited onto a glass substrate. The resulting thin film was subjected to characterization using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive Xray spectroscopy (EDX), Xray diffraction (XRD) for structural analysis, and UV–Visible spectrophotometry for optical investigations. The energy band gaps of the produced film were established by analyzing the UV–VIS absorption data, both in terms of direct and indirect transitions. According to XRD results, the film shows nano crystallinity with cubical structure. The presence of doping ions was confirmed by EDS results where ratio of Fe ions inside the CdZnS was equal to 0.3 from total elements. The (SEM) graphs of the Fe-CdZnS film exhibit a distinct leafy and fiber-like morphology when observed from a planar perspective. The direct and indirect bandgaps were calculated and found equal to 2.8 and 2.3 eV respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Keywords: CdZnS Doping Semiconductors Thin films

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 549 | EID: 2-s2.0-85197754822

Effect of various polymer types on Fe2O3 nanocomposite characteristics: insights from microstructural morphological, optical and band gap analyses

2024

Mohammed K.A.; Salem K.H.; Shihab S.A.A.; Algburi S.; Kareem A.; Alkhafaji M.A.; Zabibah R.S.; Alsultany F.H.; Sharma S.; Kumar A.; Abbas M.

Polymer Bulletin , Vol. 81 (15), pp. 13941-13958

2 citations Article English ISSN: 01700839

Faculty of Pharmacy, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Medical and Health Technologies, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq; Polymer Research Center, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq; Computer Engineering Techniques Department, College of Engineering Techniques, Al-Kitab University, Altun Kupri, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq; National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lebanese American University, Kraytem, Beirut, 1102-2801, Lebanon; Centre for Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, Rajpura, 140401, India; Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation; Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha City, 61421, Saudi Arabia

This study illustrates the impact of different polymer types on the characteristics of Fe2O3. The manufacture of nanocomposites involved the use of polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymers. Nanocomposites were synthesised by combining an aqueous solution of Ferric chloride with various polymers. The Fe2O3 nanocomposite, which was polymer-based, was synthesised using an in situ chemical approach to investigate the impact of different polymer types on its primary physical characteristics. The configuration of polymer-based Fe2O3 nanocomposites was investigated using diagnostic instruments such as SEM, EDX, and XRD. The modification of the polymer had a clearly noticeable and apparent effect on the optical and structural properties of the nanocomposites. The utilisation of SEM, XRD, and EDX techniques provided confirmation of the successful synthesis of nanocomposites based on Fe2O3. The UV–visible spectra were examined to investigate the optical characteristics of the fabricated samples. The bandgaps of the nanocomposites ranged from 1.9 to 2.25 eV. The Urbach energy was also determined for all of the processed samples. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Keywords: Capped nanoparticles Energy gap Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles Nanocomposites Physical properties Polymer matrix

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | EID: 2-s2.0-85196558354

Improvement of surface electromyography signal by nano-metals thin-film deposition

2024

Ramizy A.; Al Mashhadany Y.; Ahmed M.S.; Salih E.Y.; Salim E.T.; Fakhri M.A.; Basem A.; Alsultany F.H.; Hammoud D.

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , Vol. 35 (16)

2 citations Article English ISSN: 09574522

Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq; Department of Electrical, College of Engineering, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq; College of Energy and Environmental Sciences, Al-Karkh University of Science, Baghdad, 10081, Iraq; College of Medical Science Technologies, The University of Mashreq, Baghdad, 10021, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Air Conditioning Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq

In this work, it was studied the possibility of improving the sEMG signal collected from surface electrodes placed on the skin by depositing metallic nanofilms of three metals (gold, silver, and aluminum) with three different thicknesses (100, 200, and 300) nm on EMG electrodes as an alternative to the used wet gel. To increase the efficiency of electrodes in diagnosis. The properties of metallic nanofilms deposited on the electrodes have been studied by several techniques. X-ray diffraction shows good crystallization, especially for gold samples, and the crystal size increases with increasing sample thickness. Atomic force microscopy scans show that the roughness and size of the particles increase with increasing thickness. The thermal and electrical conductivity also increased, especially with gold plating, compared to the other two metals. The sEMG signal results show acceptable signal enhancement with reduced noise with nanoplating, especially with gold. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Springer | Art. 1053 | EID: 2-s2.0-85194954402

Polycrystalline T- and H-Nb2O5 Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition: Impact of Laser Fluence

2024

Salim E.T.; Shafeeq S.R.; AbdulRazzaq M.J.; Fakhri M.A.; Azzahrani A.S.; Basem A.; Alsultany F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.

Journal of Electronic Materials , Vol. 53 (10), pp. 6482-6497

2 citations Article English ISSN: 03615235

Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq; Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Air Conditioning Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & amp; Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & amp; Technology and Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia; Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, AZ 1075, Azerbaijan

Polycrystalline structures of T-Nb2O5 and a remarkable H-Nb2O5 structure were successfully obtained in this work. This was achieved using a Nd:YAG laser in a pulsed laser deposition system at laser fluence values of 9.3, 13.4, 16.2, 21, and 25.2 J cm−2. Raman bands of the prepared films are shown and discussed. The optical bandgaps were estimated at 4.81 eV, 4.73 eV, 3.41 eV, 3.29 eV, and 3.21 eV. Photoluminescence (PL) analyses showed agreement with the estimated indirect bandgaps calculated from Tauc’s plot for each prepared film. The surface average roughness and root-mean-square (RMS) roughness were also determined and are discussed. The surface morphology as illustrated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) reveals the obvious impact of laser energy density on the prepared films. Energy-dispersive x-ray (EDX) analyses revealed the highest stoichiometry attributed to a laser fluence of 21 J cm−2. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2024.

Keywords: fine structure nanostructures optimum fluence PLD

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85200035821

An Interesting and Highly Efficient Route to 2-(Arylethynyl)Selanyl-Azoles: Fe3O4-Serine-CuI Nanocomposite Catalyzed Three-Component Coupling Reaction of Azoles, Se Powder, and Alkynes

2024

Abdalkareem Jasim S.; Solanki R.; Mohamed Hasan Y.; Alsultany F.H.; Al Mashhadani Z.I.; Moghadasi Z.

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds , Vol. 44 (2), pp. 930-946

2 citations Article English ISSN: 10406638

Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar-Ramadi, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University, Indore, India; Technical Engineering College, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Babil, Iraq; Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2-(arylethynyl)selanyl-azoles are important and vital compounds that both azoles and aryl ethynyl selenides presented in their structure. In this article, we have constructed copper (I) iodide supported on the surface of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles functionalized with Serine [Fe3O4-Serine-CuI] and evaluated its catalytic behavior in the preparation of 2-(arylethynyl)selanyl-azoles though one-pot three-component coupling reaction of azoles, Se powder and alkynes under ecofriendly conditions. The structure of Fe3O4-Serine-CuI nanocatalyst is well analyzed by several spectroscopic techniques like: FT-IR, SEM, EDX, TEM, MAP, XRD, TGA, VSM, ICP-OES techniques. High reusability and well characterization of Fe3O4-Serine-CuI nanocatalyst, high purity and yields of products, ecofriendly conditions, and simple operation are several considerable advantages this catalytic system. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Keywords: 2-(arylethynyl)selanyl-azoles ecofriendly conditions Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Serine-CuI nanocatalyst high reusability three-component reactions

Taylor and Francis Ltd. | EID: 2-s2.0-85149311779

Design and optimization of integrated Mach–Zehnder modulators in X-cut lithium niobate thin film/si wafer

2024

Fakhri M.A.; Abass A.K.; Mohammed L.Z.; Salim E.T.; Ibrahim R.K.; Ismail R.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Qaeed M.A.; Alwahib A.A.; Gopinath S.C.B.; Salim Z.T.

Journal of Optics (India) , Vol. 53 (4), pp. 3014-3023

2 citations Article English ISSN: 09728821

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied science department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia; Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence (CoE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Campus, Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia

A Mach–Zehnder electro-optic modulator (MZM) was designed using AFM COMSOL software and fabricate using pulse laser deposition method in this work. A successful multilayer structure of (nanoSi/nano SiO/nano LiNbO3) was prepared at optimum condition that obtained previously using theoretical simulation. Two designs were simulated depended on millimeter scale and micrometer scale for device fabrication. The second design was depended for wave guide (WG) fabrication. The size of the utilized Si WG was in the range of 0.7–3 µm, the results show that effective index tended to increase as the thickness and width of the Si WG increased, however, upon the addition of the LN layer, the effective index values decreased. The effective mode area increased in both MZM and MZM–LN devices alongside the Si WG width increment. In contrast, the effective mode area exhibited a reduction in the acquired values as the Si WG thickness increased. In the confinement variation, high confinement was noticed at a low Si WG width, while a high-order mode and low confinement were observed at a larger width. Refractive index of (Δn≥0.13) is required to achieve 100 GHz electrical modulation bandwidth, and a device length of 2 cm produced significant figure of merit (Vπ·L) values in the range of 2.12–2.25. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Optical Society of India 2023.

Keywords: Effective mode area Integrated electro-optic modulator Lithium niobate films Mach–Zehnder

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85174531137

Retraction Note: Nanofluids: properties and applications (Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, (2022), 104, 1, (1-35), 10.1007/s10971-022-05859-0); [Retraction Note: Nanofluids: properties and applications (Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, (2022), 104, 1, (1-35), 10.1007/s10971-022-05859-0)]

2024

Smaisim G.F.; mohammed D.B.; Abdulhadi A.M.; Uktamov K.F.; Alsultany F.H.; Izzat S.E.; Ansari M.J.; Kzar H.H.; Al-Gazally M.E.; Kianfar E.

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology , Vol. 110 (3), pp. 922

1 citations Erratum Open Access English ISSN: 09280707

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq; Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Unit (NAMRU), Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq; Department of laser and optical Electronics Engineering, Kut University College, Kūt, Iraq; Civil Engineering Department, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq; Senior teacher at “Economic security” Department, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent city, Uzbekistan; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia; Veterinary Medicine College, Al-Qasim green University, Al-Qasim, Iraq; College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Dogonbadan, Iran

Retraction to: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology (2022) 104:1–35 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-022-05859-0 The Editor in Chief has retracted this article. An investigation by the Publisher has found a number of articles, including this one, which share similar concerns, involving but not limited to, irregularities with respect to submission and authorship. The Editor-in-Chief therefore no longer has confidence in the results and conclusions presented in this article. Ehsan Kianfar does not agree to this retraction. Ghassan Fadhil Smaisim, Doaa Basim mohammed, Ahmed M. Abdulhadi, Khusniddin Fakhriddinovich Uktamov, Forat H. Alsultany, Samar Emad Izzat, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Hamzah H. Kzar, and Moaed E. Al-Gazally did not respond to correspondence from the Editor about this retraction. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85188514520

Experimental overview of nanoferrites: synthesis, characterization and performance evaluation in wastewater treatment

2024

Akram A.; Altaf M.; Yousaf T.; Hussain A.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Ishaq M.; Saadi B.M.; Saleh D.I.

Materials Research Express , Vol. 11 (10)

1 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 20531591

Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, Dalian, 116024, China; Department of Medical Physics, College of Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Faisalabad Campus, 44000, Pakistan; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia

This study investigates the potential of ferrite nanoparticles (BaFe12O19, MnFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and Co1–0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4) as eco-friendly adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals (Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Mn2+) from wastewater. Moreover, the adsorption experiments were conducted under varying contact times (30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h) and pH levels (2, 7, and 12) for five cycles to evaluate their significant dynamic effects on the removal efficiency. All ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-precipitation method and characterized (XRD, FT-IR, and SEM) to ascertain their crystal structure, morphology, size distribution, and crystallographic structures before wastewater treatments. The results demonstrated that BaFe12O19 had a particle size of 8.65 nm and achieved maximum adsorption ability of 93%, 91%, 94%, and 91% for Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Mn2+, respectively, at a pH of 7 after 4 h of treatment. Since the neutral pH value affects the binding of heavy metal ions, therefore governing the adsorption efficiency and selectivity. In contrast, NiFe2O4 (1.41 nm) revealed maximum removal of Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Mn2+ were 78%, 71%, 88%, and 83%, respectively, at a pH of 12 after 4 h. This was attributed to the negatively charged surface leading to stronger electrostatic attractions between the positively charged metal ions and the adsorbent surface, resulting in higher adsorption uptake. Notably, the higher removal rate of ions was observed during initially 1 h, suggesting a decline in efficiency rate with extended treatment time. Additionally, the experimental study over five cycles concluded that the adsorbent could be effectively regenerated and reused. © 2024 The Author(s).

Keywords: adsorption co-precipitation ferrites nanoparticles heavy metals pH treatment time wastewater

Institute of Physics | Art. 105005 | EID: 2-s2.0-86000604104

Laser wavelength effect on GaN nanostructure films morphological properties deposited by PLD technique

2024

Taleb S.M.; Fakhri M.A.; Mohammed M.F.; Salim E.T.; Ali A.B.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.

Journal of Optics (India)

Article English ISSN: 09728821

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department College of Engineering, Al Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Air Conditioning Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Warith Al-Anbiyaa University, Karbala, 56001, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College & amp; Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, India; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & amp; Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia; Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, AZ, Baku, 1075, Azerbaijan

Nanostructure thin films of gallium nitride (GaN) were prepared and deposited by using pulse laser deposition (PLD) technique at three different laser wavelengths (1064, 532 and 355 nm) to show the effect of this parameter on the films morphological properties. The Photoelectrochemical etching (PECE) technique was used to prepare porous silicon (PSi) substrates for the deposited films. With different analysis techniques that are: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Cross-Section Analysis, the properties of these films were analyzed. The AFM results showed the film deposited by laser wavelength of 1064 nm has smaller and sharper particles size with higher roughness and RMS. While, the particles size of the deposited films increases and their sharpness decreases when the laser wavelength used decreases to 532 nm and 355 nm. Furthermore, the FESEM results confirmed the formation of PSi as a result of appearance a number of pores. Also, the results appeared presence a number of prominent masses on the film surface, which increase in size as the wavelength of the laser used during the deposition process decreases. In addition, the cross-section analysis results appeared the film deposited by using laser wavelength 1064 nm is thinner compared to the films deposited using the laser wavelengths 532 nm and 355 nm. Thus, according to these results, the optimum laser wavelength to deposit GaN nanostructure thin films with high quality on PSi substrates by using PLD technique is 1064 nm. And, finally the main contributions of this research include study the effect of three different laser wavelengths during the deposition process on the morphological properties of the deposited films and use new laser wavelength (355 nm) with comparing its results with the results obtained from the deposited films by laser wavelengths 1064 nm and 532 nm to select the optimum between them. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Optical Society of India 2024.

Keywords: GaN nanostructure Laser wavelength effect Morphological properties Porous silicon Pulsed laser deposition

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85210371875

Investigating the properties of n-type Nb2O5 thin film semiconductor under pulsed laser deposition: number of laser pulses impact

2024

Salim E.T.; Shafeeq S.R.; AbdulRazzaq M.J.; Fakhri M.A.; Azzahrani A.S.; Alsultany F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.; Majeed S.K.

Journal of Optics (India)

Article English ISSN: 09728821

Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq; Al-Turath University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Tamil Nadu, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India; Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia; Department of Technical Sciences, Western Caspian University, Baku, AZ1075, Azerbaijan; Information and Telecommunication Public Company, Ministry of Communications, Baghdad, Iraq

The aims of this work are to investigate the impact of Nb2O5 Nanofilm thickness on the Physical, and electrical properties. Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with the fundamental wavelength (λ = 1064 nm) was employed for Nanofilms preparation. The X-Ray diffraction XRD results revealed that orthorhombic (T-Nb2O5) and monoclinic (H-Nb2O5) structures were obtained. The UV–Visible spectrophotometer showed a decrease in the films’ transmissions as Nb2O5 thickness was increased. The estimated optical band gap reduced from 3 to 2.9 eV with increasing the film’s thickness. The photoluminescence (PL) analyses revealed fewer defective films as the thickness increased. The morphological graphs described by field emission scanning electron microscope FE-SEM showed well-defined and homogeneous Nb2O5 thin films except for the film prepared by 500 laser shots. Furthermore, Energy dispersive X-Ray EDX analyses revealed a high purity of films’ compositions. The electrical conductivity increased as the film’s thickness increased. The results confirmed that these nanofilms could be invested in optoelectronic applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Optical Society of India 2024.

Keywords: Electrical conductivity Laser shots Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> Target dimension Thin film

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85204601932

2023

16 papers

A gold nanoparticles coated unclad single mode fiber-optic sensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance

2023

Fakhri M.A.; Salim E.T.; Tariq S.M.; Ibrahim R.K.; Alsultany F.H.; Alwahib A.A.; Alhasan S.F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.; Salim Z.T.; Hashim U.

Scientific Reports , Vol. 13 (1)

59 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 20452322

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied science department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; AlFarahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Department of Communication Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine (CoExNano), Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah, Semeling, 08100, Malaysia

In the last few decays, the fiber-optic was employed in the field of sensing because of its benefits in contrast to other types of sensors such as small size, easy to fabricate, high response, and flexibility. In this study, unclad single mode fiber-optic sensor is proposed to operate at 650 nm wavelength. COMSOL Multiphysics 5.1 finite element method (FEM) is used to design the sensor and tested it theoretically. The middle portion of the fiber cladding is removed and replaced by gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) of 50 nm thickness. Analytic layer of 3 μm thickness was immersed in different liquids in range of refractive index (RI) from 1.000281 to 1.39. These liquids are NaCl Deionized (DI) water solution, sucrose-Deionized (DI) water solution, and glycerol solution Deionized (DI) water. It was found that the highest obtained sensitivity and resolution are for glycerol-DI water solution with value of 3157.98 (nm/RIU) and 3.16 × 10–5 (RIU), respectively. Furthermore, it is easy to fabricate and of low cost. In experiments, pulsed laser ablation (PLA) was used to prepare Au NPs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) shown that the peak of the intensity grew as the ablated energy increased as well as the structure crystallization. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed an average diameter of 30 nm at the three ablated energies, while X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) spectrum has indicated the presence of Au NPs in the prepared solution. The photoluminescence (PL) and ultraviolet–visible UV–Vis transmission were used to study the optical properties of the prepared Au NPs. An optical spectrum analyzer was used to obtain the sensor's output results. It has shown that best intensity was obtained for sucrose which confined with theoretical results. © 2023, The Author(s).

Nature Research | Art. 5680 | EID: 2-s2.0-85151960634

Fabrication of UV photodetector based on GaN/ Psi heterojunction using pulse laser deposition method: Effect of different laser wavelengths

2023

Fakhri M.A.; AbdulRazzaq M.J.; Jabbar H.D.; Salim E.T.; Alsultany F.H.; Hashim U.

Optical Materials , Vol. 137

33 citations Article English ISSN: 09253467

Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia

In this study, GaN/pSi heterojunction photodetectors were fabricated via pulsed laser deposition method (PLD). Photoelectrochemical etching method (PECE) with laser aid prepared a pSi substrate. Different laser wavelengths were tested on GaN and pSi films' structural, spectroscopic, electrical, and performance characteristics. XRD showed that GaN/pSi heterojunction photodetectors were polycrystalline and hexagonal. PL measurements showed two emission peaks attributable to GaN films (374, 364, 359 nm) and the pSi substrate (730, 729, 729 nm). Shorter laser wavelengths raised the GaN/pSi heterojunction's optical energy gap from 3.271 to 3.3415 eV. FESEM pictures showed that the average size of the manufactured samples was 51.88, 36.12, and 22.76 nm for spherical nanoparticles and a cauliflower-like shape. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) results show the root mean square of the surface roughness of prepared samples to be 4.83, 8.87, and 14.51 nm, respectively, as the laser wavelength became shorter with full coverage of all pores of prepared pSi. GaN/pSi heterojunction photodetectors had rectification in their dark I–V characteristics, and the heterojunction made at 355 nm had the best junction characteristics. The spectral responsivity of GaN/pSi photodetectors shows that the maximum responsivity was 29.01 A/W at 370 nm for a photodetector prepared at 355 nm. High detectivity and external quantum efficiency were 8.02×10+12 Jones and 359.73% at 370 nm, respectively. The photodetector fabricated using 355 nm showed a fast rise time of 328μsec and a fall time of 617μsec. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Gallium nitride Photodetector Photoelectrochemical etching Porous silicon Pulsed laser deposition

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 113593 | EID: 2-s2.0-85148540078

Effect of Different Etching Time on Fabrication of an Optoelectronic Device Based on GaN/Psi

2023

Jabbar H.D.; Fakhri M.A.; Razzaq M.J.A.; Dahham O.S.; Salim E.T.; Alsultany F.H.; Hashim U.

Journal of Renewable Materials , Vol. 11 (3), pp. 1101-1122

28 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21646325

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Department of Petroleum and Gas Refinery Engineering, Al-Farabi University Collage, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, Malaysia

Gallium nitride (GaN)/porous silicon (PSi) film was prepared using a pulsed laser deposition method and 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser for optoelectronic applications and a series of Psi substrates were fabricated using a photoelec-trochemical etching method assisted by laser at different etching times for 2.5–15 min at 2.5 min intervals. X-ray diffraction, room-temperature photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy images, and electrical characteristics in the prepared GaN on the Psi film were investigated. The opti-mum Psi substrate was obtained under the following conditions: 10 min, 10 mA/cm2, and 24% hydrofluoric acid. The substrate exhibited two highly cubic crystalline structures at (200) and (400) orientations and yellow visible band photoluminescence, and homogeneous pores formed over the entire surface. The pores had steep oval shapes and were accompanied by small dark pores that appeared topographically and morphologically. The GaN/Psi film fabricated through PLD exhibited a high and hexagonal crystallographic texture in the (002) plane. Spectroscopic properties results revealed that the photoluminescence emission of the deposited nano-GaN films was in the ultraviolet band (374 nm) related to GaN material and in the near-infrared band (730 nm) related to the Psi substrate. The topographical and morphological results of the GaN films confirmed that the deposited film contained spherical grains with an average diameter of 51.8 nm and surface roughness of 4.8 nm. The GaN/Psi surface showed a cauliflower-like morphology, and the built-in voltage decreased from 3.4 to 2.7 eV after deposi-tion. The fabricated GaN/Psi film exhibited good electrical characteristics. © 2023, Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Gallium nitride optical device photoelectrochemical etching porous silicon pulsed laser deposition

Tech Science Press | EID: 2-s2.0-85140713297

Ammonia and nitrogen dioxide detection using ZnO/CNT nanocomposite synthesized by sol–gel technique

2023

Jasim S.A.; Banimuslem H.A.J.; Alsultany F.H.; Al-Bermany E.; Mohammed R.M.

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology , Vol. 108 (3), pp. 734-741

20 citations Article English ISSN: 09280707

Physics Department, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq; Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq; Medical physics Department, College of Technology and Health Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq

Through the use of sol–gel method, a composite material was created based on zinc oxide (ZnO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT). As evidenced by the color of the solution and SEM images, colloidal nanoparticles were produced. For the construction of the devices, thin layers were deposited utilizing the spray pyrolysis on glass substrates and interdigitated electrodes. Samples were heated at different annealing temperatures ranging from 200 to 400 °C. The samples heated at 400 °C, have shown better interaction between zinc oxide and carbon nanotubes and achieved the sensitivity goal. Utilizing Tauc calculations and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy in the range of 300–1000 nm wavelength, the optical energy gap has been studied to address the effect of the existence of carbon nanotubes in the prepared samples. Using a homemade sensor system, the interaction of gases, including ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, and other organic odorants with the samples was investigated. Samples containing carbon nanotubes have exhibited better sensitivity and reversibility toward vapors, while zinc oxide only does not show reasonable performance at room temperature. The sensitivity toward nitrogen dioxide was found to be 96.6% for samples containing carbon nanotubes, while the sensitivity was 10.09% for samples of zinc oxide only. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Keywords: Ammonia Carbon nanotubes Nanocomposite Nitrogen dioxide Sensors Zinc oxide

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85171253175

Preparation and Characterization of UV-Enhanced GaN/ Porous Si Photodetector using PLA in Liquid

2023

Fakhri M.A.; Alwahib A.A.; Salim E.T.; Ismail R.A.; Amir H.A.A.A.; Ibrahim R.K.; Alhasan S.F.H.; Alsultany F.H.; Salim Z.T.; Gopinath S.C.B.

Silicon , Vol. 15 (17), pp. 7523-7540

19 citations Article English ISSN: 1876990X

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Communication Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia; Micro System Technology, Centre of Excellence (CoE), Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Pauh Campus, Arau, Perlis, 02600, Malaysia

The photoluminescence and optoelectronics properties are very important for gallium nitride (GaN) nanoparticles in the applications of ultraviolet and blue optoelectronic devices. In this article, GaN nanoparticles are prepared and fabricated using femtosecond pulse laser ablation in liquid (PLAL). The X-ray diffraction results confirm that the synthesized GaN NPs are crystalline with a mixture of cubic and hexagonal phases, and the nanoparticles synthesized at 532 nm exhibit better crystallinity. The field emission electron microscope (FE-SEM) results demonstrate that the porous silicon consists of a high concentration of semicircular pores with an average diameter of the pore around 20 µm. Furthermore, the optoelectronic properties of the GaN/PSi are investigated to confirm its feasibility for double-junction photodetector and its applications. The outcomes show that the maximum responsivity was 3.8 A/W at 330 nm for a photodetector fabricated at 532 nm laser wavelength. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

Keywords: Gallium nitride Laser ablation Liquid Nanoparticles Photodetector Porous silicon

Springer Science and Business Media B.V. | EID: 2-s2.0-85165592117

Physical properties of HfO2 nano structures deposited using PLD

2023

Salim E.T.; Hassan A.T.; Mahdi R.O.; Alsultany F.H.

International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials , Vol. 16 (3), pp. 495-510

18 citations Article English ISSN: 19855761

Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq; Ministry of Education, Directorate General for Education, Al-Karkh/1, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq

On Quartz substrates, high purity transparent conductive the Di-Oxide of the (HfO2) Nano and micro-structure films were successfully coated. The method of (PLD) Deposition using Pulsed Laser, and the influence of laser energy was investigated. The XRD results revealed two distinct phases, cubic and monoclinic crystal shapes. Peaks in the Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that HfO2 nanofilm was forming.The findings of the optical characteristics reveal an excellent transparency of nearly 80% (89 percent). As the laser wavelength decreases, the optical energy band gap values for Nanostructure of HfO2 were prepared, with values ranging from 5.24 to 5.53 eV. Also, the EDX results showed the appearance of hafnium peaks and oxygen peaks in varying proportions, which confirms that hafnium oxide is definitely obtained The results of the AFM reveal that when the pulsed laser intensity increases, the average grain diameter values increase from 52.96 to 74.54 nm. With regard to optimum pulsed laser energy, the based on I-V characterization, the generated factor ideality for created diodes was discovered to be decreasing, and the corresponding values of the barrier height grew. The ideality factor of the diode made the optimum pulsed laser energy (1800 mJ) was greater (n=3.1). © 2023, Universiti Malaysia Perlis. All rights reserved.

Keywords: HfO2 optical band gap Optical properties PLD structural properties

Universiti Malaysia Perlis | EID: 2-s2.0-85164461188

Optical investigations of gold nano rods and gold nano rods doped with ZnO nanoparticles for optoelectronic applications

2023

Hassan N.K.; Khalid F.G.; Ekshayesh A.A.; Ibrahim R.K.; Salim E.T.; Fakhri M.A.; Abdulwahhab A.W.; Alsultany F.H.; Gopinath S.C.B.; Dahham O.S.; Hussein M.M.

Journal of Optics (India) , Vol. 52 (4), pp. 2023-2030

18 citations Article English ISSN: 09728821

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, Kut University College, Kut, Iraq; College of Agricultural Engineering Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq; AlFarahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied science department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology- Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine (CoExNano), Faculty of Applied Sciences, AIMST University, Kedah, Semeling, 08100, Malaysia; Department of Petroleum and Gas Refinery Engineering, Al-Farabi University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq

Optoelectronics devices and applications based on optical fibers become very popular in many applications. In this work, pure and doped Gold nanorods have been ablated at different pulsed laser wavelengths of 532 nm and 1064 nm, using pulse laser ablation in the liquid by using tattoo removal Nd: YAG laser (nanosecond pulses). The structural, morphological, optical, and photoluminescence properties of the ablated nanorods are studied and analyzed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Ultraviolet–Visible test, and PL tests. The obtained results showed that the results of using the shorter wavelength (second harmonic generation) of the laser used in ablation were the best in all tests and analyses. The obtained by using the second harmonic generation was the highest intensity and the longest, with a length of approximately 7 µm, and the results of optical analyzes using the visible ultraviolet rays test, and the PL test showed higher intensity in addition to a shift towards blue wavelengths caused by the denser nanorods and more crystallization. From the previously presented results, we conclude that the obtained nanorods can be used in electro-optical and photonic applications, and even in different types of optical sensors. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Optical Society of India.

Keywords: Gas sensors Gold nanorods Optical fiber Refractive index sensors ZnO nanoparticles

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85149292602

A Preliminary Study on Structural and Optical Properties of Heat Treated Nb2O5 Nanostructure

2023

Salim E.T.; Saimon J.A.; Abood M.K.; Alsultany F.H.

International Journal of Nanoelectronics and Materials , Vol. 16 (1), pp. 21-32

13 citations Article English ISSN: 19855761

Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Energy and Renewable Energies Technology Center, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq

Annealing is a heat treatment that alters the physical and sometimes chemical properties of a material to improve their crystalline structure and other important properties. This work presents the effect of post heat treatment on optical, structural, morphological, and surface roughness of Nb2O5 thin films at different temperatures (200-700oC) which to the best of our knowledge not been extensively studied yet. A clear modification in surface morphology and other studied properties was obtained. XRD results show a significant enhancement in the film’s structural properties such as a reduction in the dislocation densities and stress. The optical properties of the treated films show a clear decrease in the transmission and energy gap values which their values were found to reduce from (4.35 to 2.9) eV with heat treatment up to 600oC and re-increase at 700oC. The surface roughness was also enhanced as a result of increasing the grain size from (9.95 – 34.7) nm Finally, SEM images of the films show an obvious change in their morphology and an increase in film uniformity as a result of heat treatment. Therefore, heat treatment could be considered as a helpful method to control film characteristics. Main result should be presented quantitatively. © 2023, Universiti Malaysia Perlis. All rights reserved.

Keywords: heat treatment Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> thin film optical properties precipitation method SEM XRD

Universiti Malaysia Perlis | EID: 2-s2.0-85148232740

Optoelectronic device based on lithium niobate nanofilms deposited at various pulsed laser wavelengths

2023

Fakhri M.A.; Alwahib A.A.; Alhasan S.F.H.; Salim E.T.; Ibrahim R.K.; Alsultany F.H.; Abdulwahab A.W.; Hashim U.

Journal of Optics (India) , Vol. 52 (4), pp. 2356-2365

13 citations Article English ISSN: 09728821

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Communication Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Applied Science, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; AlFarahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia

Lithium niobate is a promising material involved in a variety of optoelectronic device fabrication. In this paper, lithium niobate was prepared using the pulse laser deposition technique for designing a planer waveguide with enhanced properties. At different wavelengths of the pulsed laser, a nonphotonic lithium niobate thin film was deposited on the quartz substrate. Structural, optical, and electrical properties of the prepared films were studied and analyzed with X–ray diffraction and it found a single crystal peck location at 2θ = 39.225° which corresponds to the phase of 006, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, where the average size is found are ranged from 94 nm and the roughness are ranged from 8.5 to 11.3 nm, UV–VIS spectrophotometer, and electrical properties were investigated and found the deposited nanofilms have high transmissions are ranged 68–84%, and the energy bandgap values are 4.02 eV and 4.15 eV. A MOS device was created, and its electrical characteristics were well-supported. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Optical Society of India.

Keywords: LiNbO<sub>3</sub> Lithium niobate Physical and electrical properties Planer waveguide Pulse laser deposition technique

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85153610654

Impact of precursor type on physical, morphological, microstructural, and optical properties of CdZnS nanoparticles for photodegradation applications

2023

Mohammed K.A.; Kareem A.; Alkhafaji M.A.; Zabibah R.S.; Alsultany F.H.; Sharma S.; Kumar R.; Singh R.; Kumar A.; Abbas M.

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics , Vol. 34 (28)

9 citations Article English ISSN: 09574522

Faculty of Pharmacy, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq; National University of Science and Technology, Dhiqar, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Centre for Research and Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Mohali, India; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China; School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India; Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, CP, Campeche, 24560, Mexico; Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, 19 Mira Street, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation; Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lebanese American University, Kraytem, Beirut, 1102-2801, Lebanon

In current work, Cadmium Zinc Sulfide (CdZnS) nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by chemical co-precipitation technique without using any capping agents. Effect of Zinc source on surface morphology, elemental analysis, and optical properties of CdZnS are discussed in this work. these properties of prepared materials were investigated using a variety of techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and ultraviolet–visible absorption. Distinct peaks at 31, 34, 43, and 62, which matched CdS, could be seen in the XRD patterns of the CdZnS nanoparticles. The crystalline phase of CdZnS nanoparticles was attributed to the remaining peaks at 34, 36, 47, and 68. The reactants' physicochemical interactions were revealed by FTIR spectroscopy. The spectrum had apparent ethanol-related peaks, with a clear Zn–S interaction peak at 635–634 cm−1. The CdZnS nanoparticles contained sulphur, zinc, and cadmium, according to EDS analysis. In the Zn1 and Zn2 samples, the stoichiometry ratios were found to be 53% Cd, 41% Zn, and 5% S and 82% Cd, 17% Zn, and 1% S, respectively. The CdZnS nanoparticles were spherical in shape and ranged in size from 40 to 50 nm, according to an SEM analysis. The CdZnS nanoparticles' absorption peaks, (Zn1) at 370 nm and (Zn2) at 390 nm, were visible in UV-–Vis. spectra. Quantum size effects on band gap absorption energy were found to have an impact on the optical bandgap energy, which was found to be 3.35 eV (Zn1) and 3.13 eV (Zn2). Overall, the study successfully characterized the structural, morphological, and optical properties of CdZnS nanoparticles and provided valuable insights into their potential applications in various fields. According to the results the prepared nanoparticles are suitable for photodegradation applications. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Springer | Art. 1932 | EID: 2-s2.0-85173604420

Synthesis PEO/PS/PMMA/Se as new nanocomposite with porous morphology

2023

Mohammed K.A.; Talib R.A.; Algburi S.; Kareem A.; Bhavani B.; Alkhafaji M.A.; Zabibah R.S.; Alsultany F.H.; Sharma S.

Chalcogenide Letters , Vol. 20 (12), pp. 863-870

7 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 15848663

Faculty of Pharmacy, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq; Polymer research center, University of Basrah, Basra, Iraq; Computer Engineering Techniques Department, College of Engineering Techniques, Al-Kitab University, Iraq; Department of medical physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq; Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Telangana, Hyderabad, India; National University of Science and Technology, Dhi qar, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Mechanical engineering Department, University Center for research and Development, Chandigarh University, Punjab, Mohali, 140413, India; School of mechanical and Automotive engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China

Novel nanocomposite structure has been made from physical mixing of polymer blend consist PMMA, PEO and PS filled with selenium nanoparticles. The nanocomposite had been deposited on glass slide by drop casting to form a thin film. This film was examined by required instrument like FESEM, XRD, EDS and UV-Vis to show the main physical properties of it. The XRD results were reflected the crystallinity nature of selenium NPs. SEM result shows the porosity nature of prepared film, where the pore size ranging from nano to micro size on all the surface of film. Also the indirect and direct bandgaps estimated and presented and equal to 3.77 and 4 eV. © 2023, S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L. All rights reserved.

Keywords: nanocomposite nanoporous polymer blend Selenium morphological properties. nanoparticles

S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L | EID: 2-s2.0-85179720699

The role of Cu doping in properties of CdZnS thin films

2023

Mohammed K.A.; Talib R.A.; Bhavani B.; Al Hasan N.H.J.; Kareem A.; Alsultany F.H.; Zabibah R.S.; Alkhafaji M.A.; Sharma S.

Chalcogenide Letters , Vol. 20 (11), pp. 789-796

3 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 15848663

Faculty of Pharmacy, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq; Polymer research center, university of Basrah, Basra, Iraq; Department of Civil Engineering, Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, Telangana, Hyderabad, India; Department of engineering materials, college of engineering, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq; Mechanical engineering Department, University Center for research and Development, Chandigarh University, Punjab, Mohali, 140413, India; School of mechanical and Automotive engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China

CdZnS thin films created via chemical bath deposition were examined to see how Cu doping affected their characteristics. Cu ions were added to the films in order to change their optical, structural, and morphological characteristics. These findings suggest that Cu doping can be used to modify the optical characteristics of CdZnS thin films. By using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the energy dispersive analysis of X-ray method (EDAX), we were able to investigate the compositional ratio as well as the structural features of the films. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) technique was utilized in order to investigate the surface morphology of the produced films. The morphology of prepared films was fiber-like and in nanoscale. In addition, the UV–vis spectroscopy technique was utilized in order to characterize the optical properties of thin films. The prepared Cu-CdZnS film was found to have direct band gap equal to 2.64 eV and indirect gap equal to 2.4 eV. © 2023, S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L. All rights reserved.

Keywords: CdZnS thin films Chemical deposition Cu doping Morphological characteristics

S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L | EID: 2-s2.0-85178969847

Electrical properties and photodetector parameters of CdSe nanoparticles

2023

Mohammed K.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Ziadan K.M.; Al-Kabbi A.S.; Zabibah R.S.; Al-Khafaji M.A.; Abood M.M.; Saxena K.K.

Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials , Vol. 25 (3-4), pp. 164-168

2 citations Article English ISSN: 14544164

Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Department of Physics, College of Science, Basrah University, Basrah, 61007, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; National University of Science and Technology, Dhi qar, Iraq; Ministry of Education, General Directorate for Education in Najaf, Al-Najaf, Iraq; Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India

In the work, it is reported that morphological, electrical, and optical studies were conducted on nanoparticles of cadmium selenide (CdSe) that were synthesized using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as the complexing agent.The produced particles were characterized by using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS). The bandgap was discovered in the direct band, where it was estimated from the absorption. This gap is equal to 2.1 (eV). At various temperatures, the electrical properties of CdSe thin films were studied. A combination of dark electrical conductivity and photoconductivity indicates that these films can be used as photo sensors. © 2023 National Institute of Optoelectronics. All rights reserved.

Keywords: CdSe Electrical properties Photodetector Photosensor

National Institute of Optoelectronics | EID: 2-s2.0-85162865636

Fabrication and Characterization of a Novel and Efficient Zinc Nanomagnetic Catalyst for Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles

2023

Raya I.; Kandeel M.; Alsultany F.H.; Altimari U.S.; Aravindhan S.

Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds , Vol. 43 (6), pp. 5591-5606

2 citations Article English ISSN: 10406638

Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelshikh University, Kafrelshikh, Egypt; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Departement of Chemistry, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India

The zinc (II) complex supported on magnetic nanoparticles Fe3O4 as a novel and efficient magnetically recoverable catalyst (Fe3O4-Phenanthroline-Zn) was designed and characterized using the most common spectroscopic techniques including FT-IR spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, VSM, and ICP-OES. The Fe3O4-Phenantroline-Zn catalyst is shown to be efficient for the multicomponent synthesis of heterocycles including highly substituted piperidines and pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines. This system has many advantages, such as excellent level of reusability of magnetic catalysts, high yields, simplicity of separation of catalysts using an external magnet, environmental benignity and ease of handling. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report on the utilization of zinc nanomagnetic catalyst for the multicomponent synthesis of highly substituted piperidines. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Keywords: Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Phenanthroline-Zn Highly substituted piperidines Magnetic separation Pyrano[2 3-d]pyrimidines Zinc nanomagnetic catalyst

Taylor and Francis Ltd. | EID: 2-s2.0-85135316919

Investigating the optical characteristics of PEG/PVP/In2O3nanocomposites films

2023

Abbas M.H.; Alsultany F.H.; Hadi A.; Hashim A.

AIP Conference Proceedings , Vol. 2591

1 citations Conference paper Open Access English ISSN: 0094243X

Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq; Department of Ceramic and Building Materials, College of Materials Engineering, University of Babylon, Iraq; Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

In this research, the PVP/PEG/In2O3 nanostructure films were prepared and testing the optical characteristics to make it useful in many optical and electronics fields. The results illustrated to rise in the absorbance while reduce in the transmittance and energies gaps values of PVP/PEG with rising of In2O3 NPs content. Also, the optical parameters of PVP/PEG enhanced by adding of In2O3 NPs content. © 2023 Author(s).

American Institute of Physics Inc. | Art. 040027 | EID: 2-s2.0-85152556059

Removal of Pb(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution Using As-synthesized CuO/Cu2O Nanocomposites

2023

Jarosova M.; Abed S.A.; Machek P.; Solanki R.; Alsultany F.H.; Khalaji A.D.; Hussein S.A.

Physical Chemistry Research , Vol. 11 (1), pp. 171-180

1 citations Article English ISSN: 23225521

Institute of Physic of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i, Na Slovance 2,Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic; College of Science, University of Al-Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq; Ph.D. Scholar Research, Scholar Department of Chemistry, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University, Indore, India; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran; Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq

In this paper, the spherical CuO/Cu2O nanocomposites were synthesized using co-precipitation accompanied by annealing at 500 and 600 ºC. The as-synthesized CuO/Cu2O nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The XRD and FT-IR results proved the successful synthesis of the CuO/Cu2O nanocomposite. Spherical shapes of the samples confirmed by the TEM images with narrow particle size distribution. The average size of the nanocomposites synthesized at 600 °C (39 nm) was smaller than that of the nanocomposites synthesized at 500 °C (46 nm). In addition, the samples were chemically activated using H2O2 and used as new adsorbents to remove the Pb(II) ion from an aqueous solution. The effect of solution pH, sorbent dose, initial Pb(II) concentration, and the contact time were studied. Results showed that the highest efficiency (85% for the nanocomposites synthesized at 500 °C and 92% for the nanocomposites synthesized at 600 °C) was obtained at pH 6, 90 min contact time, 30 ppm Pb(II) solution, and 0.02 g of the sorbent. The Pb(II) adsorption equilibrium data were fitted well to the Langmuir model © 2023. Physical Chemistry Research.All Rights Reserved.

Keywords: Adsorbent Co-precipitation Cuo/cu<sub>2</sub>o nanocomposites Langmuir Pb(ii) removal

Iranian Chemical Society | EID: 2-s2.0-85136467598

2022

28 papers

Ir-decorated gallium nitride nanotubes as a chemical sensor for recognition of mesalamine drug: a DFT study

2022

Dmitry Olegovich B.; Jalil A.T.; Alsultany F.H.; Mahmoud M.Z.; Suksatan W.; Chupradit S.; Qasim M.T.; Delir Kheirollahi Nezhad P.

Molecular Simulation , Vol. 48 (5), pp. 438-447

95 citations Retracted English ISSN: 08927022

Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation; Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, Belarus; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Ministry of Education, Directorate Thi-Qar Education, Thi-Qar, Iraq; Department of Anesthesia, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

We employed density functional theory to inspect the impact of Ir-decoration on the sensing performance of a GaN nanotube (GaNNT) in the detection of mesalamine (MA). The interaction of the pristine GaNNT with MA was found to be weak, and the sensing response was approximately 4.3. Decorating an Ir atom into the GaNNT surface increased the adsorption energy (E ad) of MA from −6.7 to −23.8 kcal/mol. The sensing response significantly increased to 89.4 after decorating the Ir atom. A short recovery time of 22.0 s was found for the desorption of MA from the surface of the Ir-decorated GaNNT at 298 K. The water solvent reduced E ad of MA to −19.8 kcal/mol. Thus, we concluded that the Ir-decorated GaNNT might be a highly sensitive MA sensor with a short recovery time. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Keywords: Density functional theory electronic properties gallium nitride nanotube mesalamine sensor

Taylor and Francis Ltd. | EID: 2-s2.0-85124129304

Retraction:Nanofluids: properties and applications

2022

Smaisim G.F.; mohammed D.B.; Abdulhadi A.M.; Uktamov K.F.; Alsultany F.H.; Izzat S.E.; Ansari M.J.; Kzar H.H.; Al-Gazally M.E.; Kianfar E.

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology , Vol. 104 (1), pp. 1-35

83 citations Retracted English ISSN: 09280707

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq; Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Unit (NAMRU), Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq; Department of laser and optical Electronics Engineering, Kut University College, Kūt, Iraq; Civil Engineering Department, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq; Senior teacher at “Economic security” Department, Tashkent State University of Economics, Tashkent city, Uzbekistan; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj, Saudi Arabia; Veterinary Medicine College, Al-Qasim green University, Al-Qasim, Iraq; College of Medicine, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq; Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Dogonbadan, Iran

Abstract: Nanofluids are liquid suspensions of hard nanometer-sized particles suspended in a base fluid. The suspension of small solid particles in energy transmission fluids enhances their thermal conductivity and provides an inexpensive and creative way to greatly boost their heat transfer (HT) properties. It is possible to add nanofluids to various industrial and technical issues, such as heat exchangers, electrical equipment cooling, and chemical processes. In comparison to traditional fluids utilized for HT, which include water, oil, ethylene glycol, and single nanoparticles (NPs) involving nanofluids, hybrid nanofluids are new forms of fluids that display strong HT efficiency. In terms of cooling, hybrid nanofluids function well where temperature scales are high and have a wide variety of thermal applications. In general, hybrid nanofluids are developed by diffusing two distinct forms of NPs in base fluids, which has emerged as a novel nanotechnology. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Keywords: Heat transfer Hybrid nanofluids Nanofluids Nanoparticles Thermal conductivity

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85133277366

Ca12O12 nanocluster as highly sensitive material for the detection of hazardous mustard gas: Density-functional theory

2022

Kartika R.; Alsultany F.H.; Turki Jalil A.; Mahmoud M.Z.; Fenjan M.N.; Rajabzadeh H.

Inorganic Chemistry Communications , Vol. 137

47 citations Article English ISSN: 13877003

Study Program of Chemistry, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, 75119, Indonesia; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Faculty of Biology and Ecology, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Grodno, 230023, Belarus; College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Wasit, Kut, 52001, Iraq; Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia; College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran

Through density functional theory (DFT) computations, the adsorption behavior and electronic sensitivity of the mustard gas are scrutinized towards a Ca12O12 nanocluster. To further investigate the influence of the molecules mentioned above over the chemical and electronic characteristics of this nanocluster, we calculate the binding energies (BEs), natural bond orbital (NBO) charge transport, the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), as well as molecular electrostatic potential (MEP). The interaction of the mustard molecule with the Ca atoms of the cluster through the Cl-side is slightly strong, and there is a large transport of charge from the mustard to the nanocluster. Following the adsorption of the mustard gas, there is a 2.28 eV reduction in the energy gap of the HOMO as well as the LUMO of this nanocluster. This shows that the dissociation process increases the electrical conductivity of this nanocluster to a great extent. The electrical signal which is generated is conducive to the detection of the mustard molecule. Moreover, this nanocluster has a short recovery time as a sensor. In addition, the electronic characteristics and the geometry parameters of the mustard/ Ca12O12 nanocluster complexes are impacted by the solvent to a great extent. Finally, in comparison with the vacuum, the interaction among components is significantly weaker in the aqueous phase. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Binding energies Electronic characteristics Frontier molecular orbitals Mustard gas Recovery time

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 109174 | EID: 2-s2.0-85122673610

Synthesis of gallium nitride nanostructure using pulsed laser ablation in liquid for photoelectric detector

2022

Abdul Amir H.A.A.; Fakhri M.A.; Alwahib A.A.; Salim E.T.; Alsultany F.H.; Hashim U.

Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing , Vol. 150

32 citations Article English ISSN: 13698001

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia

Gallium nitride (GaN) thin film was grown by Nd: YAG pulsed laser ablation with two laser ablation energies. The optical band gaps and crystallinities of the specimens were studied to determine the optimal energy applied. The obtained results ensure that the physical properties of the prepared samples are directly related to the used laser energy. The XRD result exhibited three peaks of hexagonal GAN (h-GaN) nano-particles at 2θ = 34.54°, 37.49° and 48.19 from the (002), (100) and (200) planes, respectively. The ablation energy of 1600 mJ showed a high peak intensity. The samples fabricated at laser energy of 1400 mJ showed the maximum energy bandgap of 3.62 eV at room temperature. High-performance GaN/Si photo-detector was prepared using a drop casting. The spectral response was approximately 2.34 Am/W, and device detectivity was approximately 557.887 × 1012 cm Hz1/2 W−1 in the UV spectral region. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords: Energy bandgap Gallium nitride Optical properties Photoelectric detector characteristics Pulsed laser ablation in liquid Structural properties

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 106911 | EID: 2-s2.0-85133198806

An investigation on GaN/ porous-Si NO2 gas sensor fabricated by pulsed laser ablation in liquid

2022

Abdul Amir H.A.A.; Fakhri M.A.; A.Alwahib A.; Salim E.T.; Alsultany F.H.; Hashim U.

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical , Vol. 367

32 citations Article English ISSN: 09254005

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia

Pulsed-laser ablation in liquid was used to prepare GaN nanostructure. The P-type GaN nanostructure was deposited onto the porous-silicon substrate through the drop-casting method for NO2 gas-sensor fabrication. Ablation was performed in ethanol using two laser wavelengths, namely, 532 and 1064 nm. The XRD pattern showed a high and sharp peak at 2θ= 29.49°, indicating enhanced GaN formation using a 532 nm laser wavelength. AFM and FESEM analyses confirmed increased GaN grain growth at the same wavelength. The optical reflectance of the GaN sample showed higher reflectance at 532 nm than at 1064 nm. The optical-energy bandgap was more elevated at 532 nm than at 1064 nm. Photoluminescence analysis revealed that the 532 nm sample had a higher-intensity peak than the 1064 nm one. Device-performance studies showed the most enhanced sensor response (158.49%), highest sensitivity (2.109 ppm), and best response time (13.5 s) at 250 °C for the sample prepared using 532 nm laser wavelength. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Gallium nitride/Porous Si Pulsed laser ablation NO<sub>2</sub> gas sensor Sensitivity Sensor response

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 132163 | EID: 2-s2.0-85131924273

Role of Alloying Composition on Mechanical Properties of CuZr Metallic Glasses During the Nanoindentation Process

2022

Jasim S.A.; Ali M.H.; Mahmood Z.H.; Rudiansyah M.; Alsultany F.H.; Mustafa Y.F.; Ramadan M.F.; Surendar A.

Metals and Materials International , Vol. 28 (9), pp. 2075-2082

28 citations Article English ISSN: 15989623

Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Maarif University College, Ramadi, 31001, Iraq; Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Chemistry Sciences, College of Science, Diyala University, Baqubah, Iraq; Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin, 70123, Indonesia; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41002, Iraq; Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India

This paper aims to indicate the role of alloying composition on the nanomechanical properties of metallic glasses (MGs). For this purpose, the molecular dynamics simulation of nanoindentation process was performed for a wide range of Cu–Zr glassy compositions. The results indicated that the yielding event enhanced with the rise of Cu content; however, there existed an optimized composition for the maximum hardening effect in the system. The investigation on the evolution of shear bands also showed that the formation of pile-ups around the indentation site and the propagation of dominant shear bands into the glassy structure occurred in the Cu-rich MGs. On the other side, the increase in Zr content led to the creation of a net-like shear arrangement under the indented site. Moreover, the Voronoi tessellation analysis indicated that the decreasing/increasing rate of polyhedron types during the indenting process strongly relied on the alloying compositions. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials.

Keywords: Metallic glass Molecular dynamic simulation Nanoindentation Plasticity

Korean Institute of Metals and Materials | EID: 2-s2.0-85124365729

Design of an unclad single-mode fiber-optic biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance by using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.1 finite element method

2022

Tariq S.M.; Fakhri M.A.; Salim E.T.; Hashim U.; Alsultany F.H.

Applied Optics , Vol. 61 (21), pp. 6257-6267

26 citations Article English ISSN: 1559128X

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq

This study proposed an unclad optical fiber biosensor based on the localized surface plasmon resonance phenomenon and operating at 650 nm using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.1 finite element method (FEM). Gold nanoparticles (50 nm thickness) were coated on the middle portion of the unclad fiber. Air, water, blood plasma, liver tissue, colon tissue, and pentanol (C5H11OH) were used as analytical layers with 3 µm. The sensor serves as a theoretical foundation for experimental research. The blood plasma had the highest sensitivity with a sensitivity of 10,638.297 nm/RIU and a resolution of 9.410-6RIU. The proposed sensor is a promising candidate for a low-cost, simple-geometry biochemical sensing solution. © 2022 Optica Publishing Group.

Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA) | EID: 2-s2.0-85134435312

Magnetic nanoparticles supported zinc (II) complex (Fe3O4@SiO2-Imine/Thio-Zn(OAc)2): a green and efficient magnetically reusable zinc nanocatalyst for synthesis of nitriles via cyanation of aryl iodides

2022

Mansoor Al Sarraf A.A.; H. Alsultany F.; H. Mahmoud Z.; S. Shafik S.; I. Al Z.; Sajjadi A.

Synthetic Communications , Vol. 52 (9-10), pp. 1245-1253

21 citations Article English ISSN: 00397911

Medical Lab Department, College of Health and Medical Technology, Sawa University, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Al-Muthanna, Samawa, Al-Muthanna, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, Iraq; Chemistry department, College of science, Diyala university, Baqubah, Iraq; Experimental Nuclear Radiation Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq; Faculty of Science, Department of chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Chemistry department, Al-Nisour University College/, Iraq

Herein we introduce a novel and reusable nanomagnetic copper catalyst (Fe3O4@SiO2-Imine/Thio-Zn(OAc)2) constructed by immobilizing Zn (II) complex on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with Imine/Thio group. The structure of the as-constructed Fe3O4@SiO2-Imine/Thio-Zn(OAc)2 nanomaterial was well analyzed by a number of spectroscopic techniques including: FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, VSM, AAS and ICP-OES. Experimental studies have well revealed that Fe3O4@SiO2-Imine/Thio-Zn(OAc)2 nanomaterial is an ecofriendly and efficient nanocatalyst for synthesis of synthesis of nitriles via cyanation of aryl iodides. The grafting of the zinc catalyst to the surface of magnetic nanoparticles has increased the catalytic activity of the material and also simplified catalyst recovery from the reaction mixture by an external magnet. The Fe3O4@SiO2-Imine/Thio-Zn(OAc)2 nanocatalyst was readily recovered by simple magnetic decantation and can be reused seven cycles without considerable loss in catalytic activity. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Keywords: Catalyst recovery Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub>-Imine/Thio-Zn(OAc)<sub>2</sub> nanomagnetic zinc nanocatalyst spectroscopic techniques

Taylor and Francis Ltd. | EID: 2-s2.0-85132845154

Synthesis of LiNbO3/SiO2/Si Nanostructures Layer by Layer Based on Mach-Zehnder Modulator Using Pulsed Laser Deposition Route

2022

Fakhri M.A.; Ismail R.A.; Abass A.K.; Mohammed L.Z.; Alsultany F.H.; Hashim U.

Silicon , Vol. 14 (17), pp. 11781-11795

20 citations Article English ISSN: 1876990X

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq; Optics Technique Department, Al-Hikma University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia

The pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique was used to deposit a lithium niobate (LN) layer on a single crystal silicon substrate in this study. Based on the properties of LN film, a design and modeling of Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulators (EOM) has been presented. The LiNbO3/SiO2/Si system’s structural, morphological, and optical characteristics were examined. X-ray diffraction data verified the creation of LN, and diffraction of x-rays from the (012) and (302) planes confirmed the establishment of phase. The AFM measurements show that a remarkably homogeneous nanostructure with a maximum roughness of 12.9 nm has formed. The built device demonstrates that recent advances in hybrid MZ modulators LD and various electro-optic materials have resulted in minimal loss and a broad modulation bandwidth. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

Keywords: Lithium niobate Nano films LN/SiO/Si Mach-Zehnder modulator Pulsed laser deposition

Springer Science and Business Media B.V. | EID: 2-s2.0-85128827563

Synthesis of CuO/SnO2 NPs on quartz substrate for temperature sensors application

2022

Faisal D.; Kalef W.K.; Salim E.T.; Alsultany F.H.

Journal of Ovonic Research , Vol. 18 (2), pp. 205-212

17 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 18422403

Ibn khaldun privte university college, Iraq; University of Technology-Iraq, Department of Applied Science, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal university collage, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq

Temperature sensor of p-CuO/n-SnO2 heterojunction was successfully fabricated and investigated. SnO2 nanostructure was firstly synthesized via chemical vapor deposition. Followed by a top layer of CuO nanoparticles was deposited on SnO2 by drop cast method. The SnO2 film was analyzed via x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD confirms the formation of the SnO2 nanstructure .The SEM reveals the SnO2 nanoparticles agglomerated together forming a cauliflowers-like nanostructure with a calculated particle size of 17nm. The temperature response corresponding to the relative variation of sensor resistance (ΔR) to a given temperature was measured. It was found that the present sensor has a high sensitivity of 0.56%/°C. Temperature sensor p-CuO/n-SnO2 heterojunction was found to be quite promising material in the temperature range of 25-200⁰ C. © 2022, S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) Heterojunction Sensor sensitivity Temperature sensor Tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO<sub>2</sub> NPs)

S.C. Virtual Company of Phisics S.R.L | EID: 2-s2.0-85129031438

Technical, environmental and ranking analysis of using solar heating: A case study in South Africa

2022

Tang A.; Alsultany F.H.; Borisov V.; Mohebihafshejani A.; Goli A.; Mostafaeipour A.; Riahi R.

Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments , Vol. 52

17 citations Article English ISSN: 22131388

College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu, 611130, China; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Department of Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Industrial Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran; Energy Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

The process of heating water consumes a lot of energy. In South Africa (SA) up to 40% of household energy consumption is utilized for water heating. In this regard, the use of renewable energies, especially solar, can help reduce the energy crisis in this country. In this study, applying the solar water heaters (SWHs) in home-scale has been explored for the first time, by using climatic information for 21 cities in South Africa. The techno-environmental assessment was performed by TSOL PRO 5.5 on two types of the evacuated tube (ET) and flat plate (FP water heaters). Furthermore, these cities are ranked using GAMS 24.1 and two types of DEA methods. The results indicate the efficiency of evacuated tube SWHs is better than that of flat plate SWHs at all cities and if we use the FP water heater, the average solar fraction is 95.93%, which prevents about 23.5 tons of CO2 emissions annually. These values for ET water heaters are 99.16% and 24.4 tons per year, respectively. For the FP collector, the findings indicate Beaufort West, Mmabatho and Welkom cities are preferable cities in both models, DEA-CCR and DEA-Additive models. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords: DEA method Domestic hot water Space heating Storage tank TSOL

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 102299 | EID: 2-s2.0-85132440601

Synthesis and characterization of GaN/quartz nanostructure using pulsed laser ablation in liquid

2022

Fakhri M.A.; Alwahib A.A.; Salim E.T.; Abdul Amir H.A.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Hashim U.

Physica Scripta , Vol. 97 (11)

17 citations Article English ISSN: 00318949

Laser and Optoelectronic department, University of Technology, Iraq; Applied science department, University of Technology, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, 01000, Malaysia

The pulsed laser ablation in liquid approach was used to synthesize gallium nitride (GaN) nanoparticles (NPs) at six distinct ablation energies. GaN target with purity of 99.999% submerged in 5 ml ethanol of 99.99% purty and fired with a Nd:YAG pulsed laser. The nanoparticle was deposited on a quartz substrate using the drop cast technique. Two peaks of h-GaN nanostructures are detected in the XRD pattern, at 2θ = 34.64 and 37.98, reflected from the (002) and (100) planes, respectively. The hexagonal crystal nature of GaN is indicated by the structural features, which is shown in the XRD pattern. The greatest laser power, 2000 mJ, shows a modest emission peaking at 3.34 eV, according to photoluminescence (PL) spectra. At 1400 mJ, the highest emission peak was 3.83 eV. The pulsed laser is used in this study to create nanoparticles with various characteristics. © 2022 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Keywords: AFM FESEM gallium nitride pulse laser ablation in liquid TEM x-ray diffraction (XRD)

Institute of Physics | Art. 115813 | EID: 2-s2.0-85140774632

Conductivity Modification of ZnO NRs Films via Gold Coating for Temperature Sensor Application

2022

Faisal A.D.; Khalef W.K.; Salim E.T.; Alsultany F.H.; Wahid M.H.A.

Key Engineering Materials , Vol. 936, pp. 105-114

13 citations Book chapter English ISSN: 10139826

Ibn Khaldun Privte University College, Iraq; University of Technology, Department of Applied Science, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal university college, Department of medical physics, Iraq; Semiconductor Photonics & Integrated Lightwave Systems (SPILS), School of Microelectronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia

Zinc oxide nanorods (NRs) have been deposited on quartz employing a hydrothermal method. The ZnO NRs as a seed layer were prepared for the growth process using the drop-casting method. The zinc oxide nanomaterials produced were characterized by UV–Visible spectrophotometers, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The crystal structure parameters were calculated from the XRD data and it was confirmed the growth of wurtzite crystalline crystal structures of ZnO NRs. The SEM images revealed that high-density nanowires were grown via drop cast coated seed layer. The bandgap in the ZnO NRs film was found to be 3.28 eV. This result confirmed the formation of ZnO nanostructure. The thermal and electrical properties of ZnO NRs were measured also and analyzed. The conductivity of the ZnO NRs film was modified with the addition of gold nanoparticles using the sputtering technique. The sensitivity of ZnO NRs film in the temperature range of 20-200°C was found to be exponential relation with thermal coefficient of (α/°C-8x10-3 ) while the sensitivity of Au/ZnO NRs film at low and high-temperature ranges (20-160°C –and 40-250°C) was found α/ °C-1.20x10-3 and 4.7x10-3, respectively. These modified films were promising and give an optimized temperature sensor performance. © 2022 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

Keywords: Drop cast: seed layer Energy band gap Gas sensor Temperature sensor ZnO nanorods

Trans Tech Publications Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85144680732

Lithium Niobate -Based Sensors: A review

2022

Fakhri M.A.; Jabbar H.D.; Alsultany F.H.; Salim E.T.; Hashim U.

AIP Conference Proceedings , Vol. 2660

13 citations Conference paper Open Access English ISSN: 0094243X

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Babylon, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq

This paper shows lithium niobate-based sensors as an overview for different sensing applications that based on pure and doped lithium niobate film. The earlier published works are summarized as well as the lithium niobate film as sensor has found broad field as a result of increasing demand for sensing applications in different fields as healthcare, defense, security, automotive, aerospace, environment, food quality control, chemistry, medicine, biotechnologies and aeronautic. Lithium niobate film-based sensor are considered to be promising to open a new generation field to their virtues such as large dynamic range, low cost, high sensitivity, and compact size. Where, the high sensitivity was obtained among electric field sensors. While the high precision sensation value was obtained among gas sensor. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.

Keywords: LiNbO<sub>3</sub> lithium niobate photonic devices Sensor thin film

American Institute of Physics Inc. | Art. 020124 | EID: 2-s2.0-85142536823

Pulse Laser Deposition of HfO2 Nanoporous-Like Structure, Physical Properties for Device Fabrication

2022

Ali S.B.; Alhasan S.F.H.; Salim E.T.; Alsultany F.H.; Dahham O.S.

Journal of Renewable Materials , Vol. 10 (11), pp. 2819-2834

10 citations Article Open Access English ISSN: 21646325

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Hillah, Iraq; Center of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia; Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

The pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technology was used to effectively create conductive nano and micro hafnium oxide with great purity and transparency for (HfO2) nanofilms. In many optoelectronics devices and their appli-cations, the presence of a high dielectric substance like a nano HfO2, between the metal contacts and the sub-strates was critical. We used the Pulsed Laser Deposition method to fabricate an Al/HfO2 /p-Si Schottky barrier diode where the nanostructured HfO2 films as an intermediate layer and varied substrate temperatures. The optical result reveals a high degree of transparency (93%). The optical bandgap of deposited HfO2 films was observed to vary between 4.9 and 5.3 eV, with a value of roughly 5.3 eV at the optimal preparation condition. The morphology of the surface shows a high homogeneous nano structure with the average values of the roughness about (0.3 nm). With regard to substrate temperature, the produced factor ideality for fabricated diode was determined to be lowering and the associated values of the barrier height rose based on I-V characterization. With regard to substrate temperature, the produced factor ideality for fabricated diode was determined to be lowering and the associated values of the barrier height rose based on I-V characterization. The diode manufactured at 600° C, in particular, had a higher ideality factor value (n = 3.2). © 2022, Tech Science Press. All rights reserved.

Keywords: HfO<sub>2</sub> nano films optical device optoelectronics Pulse laser deposition

Tech Science Press | EID: 2-s2.0-85133543040

Retraction:The computational investigation of thermal conductivity of 11S globulin protein for biological applications: Molecular dynamics simulation

2022

Fang Y.; Bokov D.O.; Hachem K.; Sabetvand R.; Alsultany F.H.; Suksatan W.; Hekmatifar M.; Toghraie D.

Journal of Molecular Liquids , Vol. 346

9 citations Retracted English ISSN: 01677322

Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Precise Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Drugs, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China; Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Biotoxicology, Pharmacognosy and Biological Valorization of Plants (LBPVBP), Faculty of Sciences, University of Saida – Dr Moulay Tahar, Saida, 20000, Algeria; Department of Energy Engineering and Physics, Faculty of Condensed Matter Physics, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, 51001, Babil, Iraq; Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran

From the globulin protein group, there is the globulin 11S family investigated in a protein fraction within an isolated structure. The thermal behavior of this protein is important for biological applications. Computer simulations based on the atomic arrangement of this bio-structure predict the thermal behavior. In the current computational study, the thermal behavior of 11S globulin using equilibrium molecular dynamics approaches (Green-Kubo method) is calculated. In this method, 11S globulin protein by C, H, N, O, S, and P atoms by using the DREIDING force-field. Numerically, our MD results for thermal conductivity (k) of 11S globulin protein in standard condition (T0 = 300 K and P0 = 1 bar) is 0.63 W/mK. Also, simulations indicate that the initial temperature and pressure are important effects on the thermal behavior of the modeled protein. By initial temperature/pressure enhancing in simulated structures, the thermal behavior is improved/decreased after t = 10 ns. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: 11S globulin Green-Kubo method Heat flux Molecular dynamic simulation Protein Thermal conductivity

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 118267 | EID: 2-s2.0-85120984509

Investigations of chemical sensing properties of Al24N24, B24N24, and B24P24 nanoclusters toward carbamazepine: A DFT study

2022

Abdalkareem Jasim S.; Alsultany F.H.; Mahmoud M.Z.; Olegovich Bokov D.; Suksatan W.

Inorganic Chemistry Communications , Vol. 142

9 citations Article English ISSN: 13877003

Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-maarif University College, Al-anbar-Ramadi, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Babil, 51001, Iraq; Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8 Trubetskaya St., bldg. 2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, 2/14 Ustyinsky pr., Moscow, 109240, Russian Federation; Faculty of Nursing, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand

By employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the adsorption properties of carbamazepine (CBZ) molecules on the Al24N24, B24N24, and B24P24 nanoclusters were investigated for its detection. All calculations were executed at the B3LYP level of theory and 6-311G (d, p) basis set employing an empirical dispersion term (B3LYP-D) to consider dispersion interactions. The CBZ molecules were adsorbed on the Al24N24, B24N24, and B24P24 nanoclusters with adsorption energies of −38.02, −16.96, and −16.00 kcal mol−1 in their most stable configuration, respectively. After the interaction of nanoclusters with CBZ, significant changes of −12.9%, –33.3%, and −7.7% in their electrical conductivity (σ) took place, respectively. These results indicate the higher sensitivity of the B24N24 nanocluster for its detection. Furthermore, the required time for CBZ desorption from B24N24 was about 0.03 s, demonstrating its short recovery time based on transition theory calculations. The possibility of CBZ detection in the liquid solution was investigated for the selected adsorption configurations. It was shown that they are stable in this phase, and the values of adsorption energies have not changed noteworthy. UV–vis spectroscopy results demonstrated that the B24N24 nanocluster's spectrum exhibits a more significant shift to the higher wavelength (lower energies) region. These results show that it is possible to utilize the B24N24 for the detection of CBZ. © 2022

Keywords: Al<sub>24</sub>N<sub>24</sub> B<sub>24</sub>N<sub>24</sub> and B<sub>24</sub>P<sub>24</sub> nanoclusters Carbamazepine DFT Sensor

Elsevier B.V. | Art. 109644 | EID: 2-s2.0-85132914628

Structural Morphological and Optical investigations of Nano Silver Oxides Nanostructures

2022

Salim E.T.; Khalid F.G.; Alsultany F.H.; Faisal A.A.D.; Khalef W.K.; Dahham O.S.; Uda M.N.A.; Hashim U.

Key Engineering Materials , Vol. 936, pp. 73-82

8 citations Book chapter English ISSN: 10139826

Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq; University of Baghdad, College of Agricultural Engineering Science; Al-Mustaqbal University Collage, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq; IBN Khaldun Private University College, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Cihan University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Petroleum and Gas Refinery Engineering, Al-Farabi University College, Baghdad, Iraq; School of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Computer Technology, AIMST University; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia

High purity, micro, and nano size Ag2O nanostructure films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition on the quartz substrates at different pulsed laser Energies. The Ag2O cubic structure is supported by structural and optical features, with the primary diffraction occurring from the (002) plane. The obtained band gap energy was around 2.25eV, and optical features indicate the temporal dependency of the energy gab. © 2022 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

Keywords: laser wavelength Nano thin films Optical properties Pulsed Laser Deposition Silver oxide

Trans Tech Publications Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85144659121

Optical and Photolumenance Studies of Deposited CuO2 Nano-Structures at Different Laser Energies Effects

2022

Fakhri M.A.; Alghurabi M.N.A.K.; Alsultany F.H.; Wahid M.H.A.

Defect and Diffusion Forum , Vol. 418, pp. 109-118

7 citations Article English ISSN: 10120386

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq; Semiconductor Photonics & Integrated Lightwave Systems (SPILS), School of Microelectronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia

The deposition of copper oxide utilizing a pulsed laser deposition technique employing a reactive pulsed laser as a deposition technique is the subject of this study (RPLD), 1064 nm, 10 Nanosecond Q-switch Nd-YAG laser with 350° C, and 800-1200 mJ energies of laser was used to deposited a high purity target of Cupper and deposited on the quartz substrates synthesized and study the laser energies effect on the optical and photoluminescence properties. © 2022 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

Keywords: Cu<sub>2</sub>O thin film morphological properties optical properties PLD Structural properties

Trans Tech Publications Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85136250824

Sonochemical-assisted synthesis of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activity toward methylene blue and methyl orange dyes

2022

Solanki R.; Jarosova M.; Al-Azzawi W.K.; Machek P.; Alsultany F.H.; Khalaji A.D.; Al Mashhadani Z.I.

Applied Physics A: Materials Science and Processing , Vol. 128 (9)

7 citations Article English ISSN: 09478396

Department of Chemistry, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam University, Indore, India; Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, V.V.I., Na Slovance 2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic; Department of Medical Instruments Engineering Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran; Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

In this work, a facile and low-cost sonochemical-assisted route accompanied by calcination is used for the synthesis of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles using Fe(NO3)3·9H2O as iron precursor, oxalic acid and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as fuel and surfactant. The as-synthesized α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the results confirmed the preparation of single phase of rhombohedral α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles with quasi-spherical shapes and ferromagnetic properties. The studies of photocatalytic degradation of rhombohedral α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were performed using methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) dyes in aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The effect of the important parameters such as pH solution, catalyst dose and contact time was investigated. Under optimum conditions, the efficiency of MB and MO degradation reaches to 93 and 88% for Fe-1 and 91 and 84% for Fe-2, respectively. In addition, the photodegradation of MB and MO dyes using the as-synthesized spherical α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles was evaluated using the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.

Keywords: Dyes Photocatalytic activity Photodegradation Spherical α-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles

Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH | Art. 741 | EID: 2-s2.0-85135538486

Treatment of Facial Telangiectasia Using Long-Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser

2022

Abduljabbar M.A.; Alsultany F.H.; Al Wazny M.S.; Fakhri M.A.

AIP Conference Proceedings , Vol. 2660

4 citations Conference paper Open Access English ISSN: 0094243X

Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Babylon, Iraq

This paper presents an introduction to Facial telangiectasias, which are a frequent cosmetic concern for both females and males with various skin types and ages. This study examines the clinical effects and safety of applications with a long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser system to treat facial vessels. The factors influencing the procedure will be demonstrated. Instant improvement of facial telangiectasia is reported with a low level of discomfort and irritation. © 2022 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.

Keywords: blood vessels facial telangiectasia long-pulsed- Nd: YAG laser

American Institute of Physics Inc. | Art. 020132 | EID: 2-s2.0-85142475129

Preparation of a highly-reflective gold thin film by a sputtering technique using ionic coating system

2022

Alsultany F.H.; Salam Abdalhadi B.; Hade Seood G.

Materials Today: Proceedings , Vol. 61, pp. 627-631

3 citations Article English ISSN: 22147853

Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Dentistry Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq; Radiation Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq

Metallic mirror coatings with high reflectivity using Au thin films deposited onto a Borosilicate BK7 glass substrates by a sputtering technique using ionic coating system (KIC-1A) were investigated. In order to facilitate the process of calculating the relationship between deposition duration and thin film thickness to reach to a certain thickness, so we have described and calculated the relationship between deposition duration and thin film thickness by theoretical analysis and then simulated by polynomial function. This study showed the relationship between the reflection and thin film thickness, where the highest value of the reflective coatings of 90.5% was obtained at thin film thickness of 153 nm. © 2022

Keywords: BK7 glass Gold thin film Highly reflective coatings Optical coating Thickness

Elsevier Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85132391431

Opto-Magnetic and Morphological Properties of the Quaternary CZCr + 2 TS Semiconductor

2022

Hussein H.M.; Mohammed K.A.; Alsultany F.H.

International Journal of Nanoscience , Vol. 21 (1)

2 citations Article English ISSN: 0219581X

Department of Medical Physics, Hilla University College, Babylon, Iraq; Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babil, Hillah, 51001, Iraq

Recently, Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) chalcogenide has been given extra attention in CZTS thin-film solar cells. In order to enhance the conversion efficiency of CZTS thin-film solar cells, the physical properties of CZTS semiconductor have been improved by incorporating Cr elements into the CZTS semiconductor using the solvothermal method. The experimental results showed that the Cr+2 ion had stronger hybridization and are more effective on energy storage than Zn+2 ion. XRD pattern revealed that the crystal structure of CCrTS compound has high crystallinity and low distortion. Raman analysis indicated the structural transition from kesterite CZTS to stannite CCrTS occurred in the multicomponent CZCrTS samples with Cr content (x) in the range of 0.75-1. In addition, VSM and UV-Vis absorption spectrum showed the CCrTS compound had a new opto-magnetic property and exhibit a strong ferromagnetic ordering at room temperature. Where the magnetic energy resulted from incorporating Cr+2 ion in the Cu2ZnSnS4 has been stored and distributed in abroad absorption band in UV-vis ranges And Also, led to a decrease in the direct bandgap in the ranges of 1.54-1.25eV. FE-SEM showed that by replacing Cr2+ ion with Zn2+ ion, the particle size was decreased as a result of converting the applied strain from compressive strain to tensile strain in the CZCr2+TS resulting in decreasing the unit cell volume and the crystal size. This shows that incorporating Cr+2 ions into CZTS compound may be well suitable for fabricating it as an absorber layer in CZTS thin-film solar cells. © 2022 World Scientific Publishing Company.

Keywords: CZTS quaternary semiconductor

World Scientific | Art. 2150061 | EID: 2-s2.0-85128511932

Laser Energies Effects on Physical Properties of CuO2 Nano-Structures

2022

Hekmat W.A.; Numan N.H.; Alsultany F.H.; Hashim U.

Defect and Diffusion Forum , Vol. 418, pp. 119-127

1 citations Article English ISSN: 10120386

Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq; Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Kangar, 01000, Malaysia

A single-step of pulsed laser deposition method was used to manufacture (Cu2O) cuprous oxide Nano thin films on Silicone substrates at low growing temperature in this study. This research focuses on the deposition of copper oxide using a pulsed laser deposition approach with a reactive pulsed laser as a deposition technique. The pulsed laser employed had a wavelength of 1064 nm, pulse duration of 10 ns, and a substrate temperature of 350o C, with laser energy ranging from 800-1200 mJ, rising 200 mJ per run. The effects of three parameters of pulsed laser energies (800-1200 mJ) was used to explored in order to maximize the structural and morphological quality. (XRD) X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with field emission (FESEM), The Atomic force microscopy were used to evaluate the effects of laser pulsed energies on the characteristics of Cu2O Nano films (FESEM). When compared to a crystalline silicon surface, the results of AFM show a higher possibility of better absorption and hence lower reflection, finally a compute the optical energy band gap values for the deposited films by studying the influence of laser intensities on photoluminescence characteristics.. © 2022, Defect and Diffusion Forum. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Cu<sub>2</sub>O thin film morphological properties optical properties PLD Structural properties

Trans Tech Publications Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85136269037

Low Loss Power Nano-Photonic LiNbO3 Optical Waveguide

2022

Kadhim A.C.; Azzahrani A.S.; Salim E.T.; Fakhri M.A.; Alsultany F.H.

Optics InfoBase Conference Papers

Conference paper English ISSN: 21622701

Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Baghdad, Iraq

LiNbO3 optical waveguide is prepared at different wavelengths to investigate and measure the propagation loss and the efficiency. The results show that high efficiency is maintained at a stirring time of 48 hours at 630nm. © 2022 The Author(s)

Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA) | Art. JW5A.9 | EID: 2-s2.0-85146751376

Photolithography of Nanophotonic Lithium Niobate Films Optical Strip Waveguide

2022

Salim E.T.; Fakhri M.A.; Kadhim A.C.; Azzahrani A.S.; Alsultany F.H.

Optics InfoBase Conference Papers

Conference paper English ISSN: 21622701

Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Baghdad, Iraq

In this part, the process of preparing LiNbO3 in the laboratory is defined. The morphological analysis showed that a particle size of the deposited nanomaterials could be found in the range of 30-130nm. © 2022 The Author(s)

Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA) | Art. JW5A.75 | EID: 2-s2.0-85146758465

Nano-Photonic LiNbO3 Optical Waveguide Thickness Based on Stirring Time

2022

Fakhri M.A.; Salim E.T.; Azzahrani A.S.; Kadhim A.C.; Alsultany F.H.

Optics InfoBase Conference Papers

Conference paper English ISSN: 21622701

Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Baghdad, Iraq

In this article, a high-quality LiNbO3 thin film i s p repared u nder different stirrer times using Sol - Gel method. The results show that the longer the time the samples annealed, the thicker sample is obtained. © 2022 The Author(s)

Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA) | Art. JW5A.11 | EID: 2-s2.0-85146814273

Structural and Textural Defects of Nanophotonic Lithium Niobate Optical Waveguide

2022

Azzahrani A.S.; Kadhim A.C.; Fakhri M.A.; Salim E.T.; Alsultany F.H.

Optics InfoBase Conference Papers

Conference paper English ISSN: 21622701

Electrical Engineering Department, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia; Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Baghdad, Iraq

In this article, structural and textural defects of LiNbO3 waveguide are investigated using SEM imaging technology. The outcomes show that maximum power transfer can be maintained with a crack-free edges of the optical waveguide. © 2022 The Author(s)

Optica Publishing Group (formerly OSA) | Art. JW4A.3 | EID: 2-s2.0-85146819607

2021

4 papers

Seed Layer-Assisted Chemical Bath Deposition of Cu2O Nanoparticles on ITO-Coated Glass Substrates with Tunable Morphology, Crystallinity, and Optical Properties

2021

Alsultany F.H.; Alhasan S.F.H.; Salim E.T.

Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials , Vol. 31 (9), pp. 3749-3759

36 citations Article English ISSN: 15741443

Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; Laser and Optoelectronic Engineering Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq; Applied Science Department, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq

A seed layer-assisted chemical bath deposition method performed at low temperature has been developed to grow uniform and high-quality crystal cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles on transparent conductive/glass substrates. The annealing process by continuous beam (CW) of CO2 laser was used prior to growing the Cu2O nanoparticles. In this study, the controlled synthesis of Cu2O films was investigated by controlling the growth temperatures at 55 °C, 60 °C, 65 °C, and 70 °C, respectively. The modified seeding substrate reflect enhanced structural properties with laser annealing temperature of 450 ℃. In addition, Cu2O nanoparticles with flower-like stricter show a greater density containing a smaller particle with 75 nm average dimension and flower particle size was about 85 nm. Results suggest an effective synthesis route for developing high-quality Cu2O nanoparticles for optical and electronic applications. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Keywords: Cu<sub>2</sub>O nanoparticles ITO-coated Optical properties Structural properties

Springer | EID: 2-s2.0-85106502163

Based on the matrix of silicon nanocrystals a modeling study of thermo-hydraulic properties of micro-channel heat transfer elements

2021

Alsultany F.H.; Kadhim Q.S.

NeuroQuantology , Vol. 19 (3), pp. 38-45

1 citations Article English ISSN: 13035150

Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Babil, Iraq; College of basic Education, University of Babylon, Babil, Iraq

The construction of a heat exchange element based on a matrix of silicon whiskers for thermal stabilization systems of miniature heat sources with specific power up to 100 W/cm2 operating over a wide range of ambient temperatures is proposed. Based on the developed mathematical model of convective heat transfer in a microchannel compact heat exchanger with a developed heat exchange surface, numerical simulation of the hydrodynamics and heat transfer processes for various configurations of microchannel insertions was carried out. Fields of pressures, flow velocities, coolant temperatures and matrix from silicon single crystals have been obtained in a wide range of coolant flow rates, criteria dependencies for the Nusselt number and pressure losses of various geometric configurations of heat exchangers have been determined. Critical operation modes are investigated; optimization directions are proposed. According to the developed technology, prototypes for testing have been manufactured. © 2021, Anka Publishers. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Convective Heat Transfer Critical Modes of Operation Intensification of Heat Exchange Monocrystalline Silicon The Criteria Dependence

Anka Publishers | EID: 2-s2.0-85104961886

Influence of annealing methods on the morphological and optical properties of Cu2O nanoparticles prepared by chemical bath deposition

2021

Alsultany F.H.

Materials Science Forum , Vol. 1021, pp. 327-334

Book chapter English ISSN: 02555476

Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq; University Science Malaysia, USM, Penang, 11800, Malaysia

In this work, the cuprous oxide (Cu2O) thin film on glass substrates were fabricated at low growth temperature by a single-step aqueous solution of chemical bath deposition method. In order to optimize optical and morphology quality, the effect of two different heat treatment methods are conventional furnace annealing process and continuous wave (CW) CO2 laser annealing technique were investigated. The effect of annealing temperatures on the properties of Cu2O thin films were systematically investigated by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). © 2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

Keywords: Cu<sub>2</sub>O thin film Heat furnace Laser annealing Optical properties RF sputtering

Trans Tech Publications Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85101701270

Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Children an Overview of Otolaryngological Risk Factors

2021

Alsultany F.H.; Almaamuri A.M.

Clinical Schizophrenia and Related Psychoses , Vol. 15 (6)

Review English ISSN: 19351232

Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University, Babil, Hillah, Iraq

In this work, sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children that may display a continuum from simple snoring (SS) down to marked obstructive sleep apnea and the otolaryngological risk factors of sleep- disordered breathing in otherwise healthy children were studied. A prospective study was conducted in the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 on children aged 2-16 years, who were otherwise healthy, received in the ENT department of Almahawil Hospital for evaluation of snoring and breathing difficulties during sleep. We excluded any participants with Down syndrome, craniofacial anomalies, neuromuscular diseases (including cerebral palsy), obesity and laryngomalacia. All children underwent clinical assessment including; physical examination, lateral neck radiograph-x ray to assess the space behind the nose with standardized history collection. We couldn't use any sleep study like polysomnography because of unavailability in our country. We evaluated 326 children (boys: 176, girls:150) from January 2018 to December 2020. The enrolled children were 120 (boys: 66, girls: 54) in 2018, 65(boys: 35, girls: 30) in 2019 and 141 (boys: 77, girls: 64) in 2020. The age range from 2 years to 16 years and I ordered them into 2- 6, 7- 10 and 11- 16 years' groups. Results showed that 326 (53.9% boys, 46.1% girls) 258 (79.1%) of the total participants had adenotonsillar hypertrophy, 21(6.5%) had adenoid hypertrophy, 31(9.5%) had allergic rhinitis with or without turbinate hypertrophy and 16 (4.9%) had nasal septal deviation. Regarding the age group, 224 (68.7%) were in 2-6 years' group, 68 (20.8%) were in 7-10 years and 34 (10.5%) were in 11-16 years' group. © 2021 Walsh Medical Media, LLC. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Children Risk factors Sleep disordered breathing

Walsh Medical Media, LLC | Art. 322 | EID: 2-s2.0-85124664676

2020

2 papers

Ce-doped YAG single-crystals prepared by continuous wave (CW)–CO2 laser combustion technique with attractive characteristics and moderate white LED performance

2020

Abd H.R.; Hassan Z.; Ahmed N.M.; Thahab S.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Omar A.F.

Optics and Laser Technology , Vol. 132

12 citations Article English ISSN: 00303992

School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM Penang, 11800, Malaysia; Institute of Nano Optoelectronics Research and Technology (INOR), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM Penang, 11800, Malaysia; Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Unit (NAMRU), Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq

In this work, the influence of continuous wave –CO2 laser-induced solution combustion as a new and effective technique to prepare YAG:Ce phosphor was investigated. The as-prepared ceramic displayed a direct pure YAG phase within the laser exposure time of 1.5 min with an attractive characteristics and moderate white light-emitting diode (WLED) performance, suggesting that laser synthesis has a role to play in accelerating the diffusion of the cations and an increase in reaction rate. However, the thermal treatment step plays a key role to adjust efficient luminescence processes. In addition, the luminescence properties were strongly dependent on the sintering strategies due to the expulsion of defects (e.g. CeO2 and other impurity phases) from matrix. We showed experimentally that increasing the luminescence intensity has an effect observed on the CIE chromaticity parameters and the theoretically calculated luminous efficiency of radiation (LER). This work presents the effects of thermal treatment properties on the YAG host lattice and explains the mechanism of YAG formation under CO2 laser beam. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd

Keywords: Ce<sup>4+</sup> luminous efficiency of radiation Continuous wave –CO<sub>2</sub> laser technique Standard CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram White LED Yttrium aluminum garnet

Elsevier Ltd | Art. 106506 | EID: 2-s2.0-85089151947

Study of the effect of injection currents on white light emission of Ce- doped YAG phosphor powder prepared by microwave combustion

2020

Abd H.R.; Hassan Z.; Ahmed N.M.; Omar A.F.; Lau K.S.; Alsultany F.H.

Solid State Phenomena , Vol. 301 SSP, pp. 60-68

2 citations Book chapter Open Access English ISSN: 10120394

School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; Institute of Nano Optoelectronics Research and Technology (INOR), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq

The behaviors of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phosphor powder doped by cerium (YAG:Ce3+) was studied. Here, the YAG:Ce3++ nanopowders have been synthesized using microwave combustion (MW) according to the formula, Y(3-0.04) Al5O12: 0.04Ce3+ to produce white light emitting diode (WLEDs) by conversion from blue indium gallium nitride light emitting diode (InGaN LED, 445 nm) chips; the whole process took only 20 min. Pure YAG phase was obtained after annealing at 1050 °C for 5 h with nonaggregated and spherical particles. Thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), photoluminescence (PL), electroluminescence (EL) emissions and standard CIE 1931 chromaticity diagrams have been used to characterize the samples. The highest WLEDs emission was achieved for the annealed YAG:Ce3+, together with proper color rendering index (CRI), and tunable correlated color temperature (CCT). Finally, we conclude that the decreasing EL intensity at increased injection current is caused by the thermal ionization from the 5d1 level to the conduction band. © 2020 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

Keywords: CRI Microwave combustion technique Thermal ionization White LED YAG:Ce<sup>+3</sup>

Trans Tech Publications Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85083377086

2019

4 papers

Investigation of sintering temperature and Ce 3+ concentration in YAG:Ce phosphor powder prepared by microwave combustion for white-light-emitting diode luminance applications

2019

Hassan Z.; Abd H.R.; Alsultany F.H.; Omar A.F.; Ahmed N.M.

Materials Chemistry and Physics , Vol. 229, pp. 22-31

29 citations Article English ISSN: 02540584

Institute of Nano Optoelectronics Research and Technology (INOR), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq

Cerium-doped transparent Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (YAG:Ce 3+ ) is the most widely used phosphor for converting blue to white light in light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, YAG:Ce 3+ powders were synthesised through microwave-assisted combustion by using organic fuel urea. In YAG system applications, the powder structure and properties play key roles in the performance of terms of white LEDs (WLEDs). Accordingly, this study aimed to determine the effects of thermal treatment and Ce 3+ concentration on the structure, morphology, chemical composition and luminescence properties of YAG powders. A direct conversion from the monoclinic and hexagonal phases to the cubic one was achieved at >850 °C. This conversion was accompanied by increased particle size in the range of 50–100 nm and decreased lattice strain. However, powder sintering at high temperature was required to incorporate Ce 3+ into the YAG matrix and eliminate residual impurity phases. The highest electroluminescence (EL) emission was achieved for the sintered powders at 1050 °C with low dopant concentration (2.0 mol%), offering daylight WLED with a correlated colour temperature of 6834 K and corresponding colour-rendering index of 68.2. Finally, a slightly decreased intensity and red-shift in the EL peak position were observed. These findings were attributed to the presence of a separated CeO 2 cubic phase (Ce 4+ ) and concentration quenching for YAG ceramics with >2.0 mol% cerium content. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Ce <sup>3+</sup> ions Chromaticity CRI Microwave-oven method White LED YAG:Ce <sup>3+</sup> nanoparticles

Elsevier Ltd | EID: 2-s2.0-85062691181

Ce-doped YAG phosphor powder synthesized via microwave combustion and its application for white LED

2019

Abd H.R.; Hassan Z.; Ahmed N.M.; Alsultany F.H.; Omar A.F.

Optical Engineering , Vol. 58 (2)

15 citations Article English ISSN: 00913286

Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Physics, Penang, Malaysia; Universiti Sains Malaysia, Institute of Nano Optoelectronics Research and Technology, Penang, Malaysia; Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Hillah, Iraq

Cerium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG: Ce3+) powder phosphor have been extensively studied as phosphors for blue to white light conversion. Y(3-x)Al5O12: X Ce3+ (x = 2.0 at. %) were successfully synthesized by microwave-assisted combustion (MW) using the organic fuel urea. A direct conversion from the amorphous phase to the cubic one was obtained at 1050°C for 5 h, together with an increase in the particle size into the range of 50 to 60 nm and decrease in the specific surface area. The as-prepared precursors and powder sintered at 1050°C were characterized for their structure, particle size, morphology, electroluminescence properties, and chromaticity by x-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electroluminescence, and standard CIE 1931 chromaticity analysis (CIE) chromaticity diagram, respectively. The results show that the obtained sintered YAG: Ce3+ phosphor powder has spherical-shaped particles and strong yellow emission compared to as-prepared phosphor powder. White light emitting diodes with proper color rendering index, and tunable correlated color temperature properties can be produced by controlling the injection currents and coating thickness of the sample, offering daylight white and neutral white LEDs. © 2019 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).

Keywords: cerium chromaticity microwave-oven method white LED yttrium aluminum garnet

SPIE | Art. 027110 | EID: 2-s2.0-85062612946

Catalytic Growth of 1D ZnO Nanoneedles on Glass Substrates Through Vapor Transport

2019

Alsultany F.H.; Majdi H.S.; Abd H.R.; Hassan Z.; Ahmed N.M.

Journal of Electronic Materials , Vol. 48 (3), pp. 1660-1668

10 citations Article English ISSN: 03615235

Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq; School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Gelugor, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; Institute of Nano-Optoelectronics Research and Technology (INOR), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Gelugor, 11800, Penang, Malaysia

In this study, one-dimensional (1D) zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoneedles are successfully fabricated on a Ag catalyst-coated glass substrate through simple physical vapor deposition via thermal evaporation of zinc (Zn) powder in the presence of oxygen (O 2 ) gas at a low growth temperature of 450°C. The growth rate and diameter of ZnO nanoneedles increase as a function of varying silver (Ag) film thicknesses and argon (Ar) flow rates. Detailed structural investigations confirm that the synthesized nanoneedles have high crystallinity with a hexagonal wurtzite structure, and they preferentially grow along the c-axis orientation. This approach provides a simple and cost-effective method for the synthesis and controlled growth of 1D nanostructures, which can be useful in solid-state devices and various optoelectronic applications. © 2019, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.

Keywords: 1D ZnO structural properties UV emission enhancement x-ray diffraction

Springer New York LLC | EID: 2-s2.0-85059855717

One-step chemical bath deposition of Cu2O flowers grown on ITO seed layer coated glass substrate

2019

Alsultany F.H.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering , Vol. 557 (1)

4 citations Conference paper Open Access English ISSN: 17578981

Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Medical Physics, Iraq

Here, the growth of Cu2O flowers on a glass substrate were successfully fabricated using one-step chemical bath deposition method at low growth temperature. These flowers were grown on ITO seed layers that were prepared on glass substrate by magnetron-frequency RF sputtering. The structure and surface morphology of the products of Cu2O flowers were characterized in detail using X-ray diffraction and microscopy of field emission scanning electron. Optical properties were examined through the ultraviolet/visible spectro-scopy. The results showed that the Cu2O flowers were uniformly formed on ITO seeds-coated glass substrate, grow in the cubic structure with film preferential (111) plane orientation, high transmittance, and good crystallinity. The value of band gap is approximately 2.53 eV. This study helps to be the basis for more research on the growth of Cu2O at low-temperature and low cost-effective substrate. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Institute of Physics Publishing | Art. 012081 | EID: 2-s2.0-85069437042

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