Scopus Research — Harith Abdelelah Alshukri

Leadership style is a critical factor in achieving success in any field or goal. In sport, it is necessary to consider the complementarity between the coach’s leadership style and sporting satisfaction to achieve team success. In this study, we examine this factor using 194 male football players from public university teams. The research methodology aims to examine the multidimensional model of leadership style to understand the relationship between the five types of leadership styles training and instructions, social support, positive feedback, democratic leadership and autocratic leadership and athletes’ satisfaction. Both aspects were captured through (i) the Leadership Scale of sports to assess leadership style and (ii) the Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire to assess athlete satisfaction. SPSS was used in statistical analysis of data. From the correlation results, the relationships between all facets of leadership style (training and instruction, autocratic style, democratic style, social support, and positive feedback) and athlete satisfaction are significant. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis found that autocratic leadership was negatively associated with athlete satisfaction. In contrast, a positive relationship was found for the styles of training and guidance, democratic leadership, social support and positive feedback. The relationship between the coaches’ leadership style and the athletes’ satisfaction is underlined by the results of this research. The leadership style practised by the coach, with which the athletes are satisfied, achieves the desired goal of promoting quality education. © 2022 by authors, all rights reserved.

Background: Depression and anxiety can lead to a variety of diseases and increase the risk of developing hypertension (HTN). The current study was conducted with the aim to assess the effects of a continuous and periodic aerobic exercise rehabilitation program on depression and anxiety in patients with HTN. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental and simple random sampling was used. The statistical population included 139 individuals. The selected 60 patients were divided into 2 groups, continuous and periodic aerobic exercise. These patients took part in the trial twice, 3 times a week, for 16 weeks. The Costello-Comrey Anxiety and Depression Scales with acceptable validity and reliability were used to assess the subjects' anxiety and depression before and after the training. Data were analyzed using independent and paired t-test in SPSS statistical software. Additionally, ANCOVA was used to investigate depression and anxiety parameters in greater detail. Results: According to the t-test results, continuous and intermittent exercise programs significantly reduced the patient's anxiety and depression (P   0.01). In contrast, the results of ANCOVA revealed no significant difference in anxiety and depression improvement between the 2 exercise groups (P   0.05). Furthermore, in group A, the dissatisfaction component changed the most (16.4%), while the body factor changed the least (4.4%). In group B, the dissatisfaction component (16.7%) changed the most, while the behavioral factor (5.2%) changed the least. Conclusion: Both continuous and intermittent aerobic exercise programs can assist individuals with HTN in reducing anxiety and depression. © 2022, Vesnu Publications. All rights reserved.

Teaching a skill requires achieving accuracy in the flow of movement and not strength at the beginning of each learning, so the researcher found it necessary to study the relationship between some physical abilities and the accuracy of the skill of smash serve because this skill requires accurate technical performance, which was a primary goal of the research, and the researcher reached To the absence of a relationship between the physical abilities under study and the variable of the accuracy of the crushing transmission, as it is not needed at the beginning of learning, especially since the sample is students © 2022, Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities.All Rights Reserved.

The objective of the research is to study the relationship between the anthropometric measurements of the performance arm in handball and the measurements related to the electrical muscular activity of the triceps brachii muscle. This goal was generated through the various changes in the output of muscle strength and the action of electrical effort and the difference in research in the points of influence to increase the output of force by increasing the electrical effort of the muscle. Physical Education at the University of Baghdad, and after collecting and statistically processing the data, the researcher concluded that the electrical activity is related to the great kinetic compatibility between the different parts of the body to control the output of electrical stress and increase the output of muscular strength © 2022, Journal for ReAttach Therapy and Developmental Diversities.All Rights Reserved.

Athletes' performance is the most important factor for a team's success, and a sportsman might achieve this by exhibiting exemplary sportsmanship attributes. This problem also deserves the attention of politicians and researchers. Thus, the present study investigates the effect of personality factors such as attitude toward sports, self-efficacy, and initiative on the performance of athletes in the Iraqi sports complex. The research also examines the moderating effect of team support on sports attitudes, selfefficacy, proactiveness, and players' performance in the Iraqi sports complex. The analysis utilized survey questionnaires to collect information from respondents. SPSS-AMOS was also used to explore the correlations between variables. The results demonstrated a favorable relationship between attitude toward sports, self-efficacy, proactiveness, and players' performance in the Iraqi sports complex. The results also revealed that team support greatly moderates the relationships between players' attitudes toward sports, selfefficacy, proactiveness, and performance in the Iraqi sports complex. Using reasonable personality qualities and team support, the study aids policymakers in formulating legislation to improve the performance of athletes. © 2022, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid y CV Ciencias del Deporte. All rights reserved.

Antioxidants are a line of defense that protects the cells of the body. Attacking the stray oxygen molecules. The function of these antioxidant is to add a group of electrons to the blood vessels to give them to electrolytes or monovalent free radicals so that they stabilize and calm down and do not destroy cells. Thus, antioxidants work to achieve a balance between free radicals and antioxidants In the cell and keeps the cell from being damaged. Increased electrolytes or free radicals work To weaken the ability of antioxidants’ and enzymes secreted by cells despite the fact that the cell has a self-protection and a defensive line to secrete self-antioxidants, and here the importance of antioxidants arises. These metabolic changes increase the oxidative effort and affect the ability to achieve and the efficiency of athletes, as well as the body contains a lot of antioxidant systems Oxidative stress that includes enzymes such as GSH) Glutathione Dos) Super oxide D ismutses. Exercise can produce an imbalance between ROS and antioxidants, which is referred to as oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidant supplements are marketed to and used by athletes as a means to counteract the oxidative stress of exercise. Whether strenuous exercise does, in fact, increase the need for additional antioxidants in the diet is not clear. This research showed the role of free radicals in causing oxidative stress during exercise. The results showed significant increased in malondialdehyde (MDA) level (as an index of lipid peroxidation) glutathione (GSH) superoxide dismuatse activity (SOD) in subjects after efforts of exercise in comparison with the control group. © 2021, Institute of Medico-Legal Publications. All rights reserved.