Scopus Research — Shereen Mohammed Mekky Al- Husseiny

Preeclampsia (PE), which affects between 2 and 15% of pregnancies, is one of the most often reported prenatal problems. It is defined as gestational hypertension beyond 20 weeks of pregnancy, along with widespread edema or proteinuria and specific types of organ damage. PE is characterized by increased levels and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the mother’s blood and placental cells. This factor controls over 400 genes linked to inflammatory, apoptotic, angiogenesis, and cellular responses to hypoxia and oxidative stress. In the final stages of physiological pregnancy, NF-κB levels need to be lowered to favor maternal immunosuppressive events and continue gestation to prevent hypoxia and inflammation, which are advantageous for implantation. Pharmacotherapy is thought to be a potential treatment for PE by downregulating NF-κB activation. NF-κB activity has been discovered to be regulated by several medications used for both prevention and treatment of PE. However, in order to guarantee treatment safety and effectiveness, additional creativity is desperately required. This article provides an overview of the current understanding of the defined function of NF-κB in PE progression. According to their effect on the cellular control of NF-κB pathways, newly proposed compounds for preventing and treating PE have also been emphasized. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

Within this piece of research, the performance of two-dimensional pure and silicon-decorated monolayers of biphenylene (PBPML and SBPML) in detecting ammonia (NH3) was investigated though DFT calculations. In spite of the fact that PBPML adsorbed NH3 better than other reported 2D materials, NH3 had a physical adhesion on the surface of PBPML and the adhesion energy was −0.037 eV. After decorating the Si atom, the NH3 adhesion capacity of PBPML changed significantly and there was a dramatic change in its electronic attributes. The SBPML can be considered as an encouraging sensor for NH3 with a structural solidity at ambient temperatures, the recovery time of 0.84 s at 300 K, charge transport of 0.56 e and significant adhesion energy of −0.72 eV. The results demonstrated that the SBPML was suitable for sensing NH3 and it was suitable for practical applications. This work can provide insights into the designing and development of biomolecule sensors with high efficiency. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

The goal of this study is to explore whether biphenylene nanosheet (BPNS) and its doped counterparts (B- and Al-BPNS) can be used as sensors for metronidazole (MN) using the density functional theory. The study used the B3LYP functional along with the 6–31 + G(d) and 6–31++G(d,p) basis sets and considered both gas and implicit solvent phases. The most stable configuration of pristine and doped BPNS:MN complexes was identified by optimizing the geometry of all probable conformations obtained from the molecular electrostatic potential plots of nanosheets and the drug molecule. The adsorption of MN on the surface of pristine BPNS resulted in an adsorption energy (Eads) of −18.3 and −16.9 kcal.mol−1 (first and second digits indicate the data obtained from the 6–31 + G(d) and 6–31++G(d,p) basis sets, respectively). The electrical properties of pristine BPNS, identified by the highest occupied and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO and LUMO, respectively), remained unchanged upon adsorption of MN. The predicted time for desorption of the MN drug from the BPNS surface is about 2.5 × 10−3 and 2.3 × 10−4 s. The study suggests that pristine BPNS is not a suitable carrier and biosensor for MN drug molecules. Therefore, the doping technique was explored to enhance the sensing features of BPNS towards the MN molecule. The results showed that the Eads value of B-BPNS is about −20.6 and −20.1 kcal.mol−1, which is higher than that of pristine BPNS. However, the electrical properties of B-BPNS are not sensitive to the presence of MN molecules. The predicted time for desorption of the MN drug from the surface of B-BPNS is about 1.2 × 10−1 and 5.2 × 10−2 s. Adsorption of MN on the surface of Al-BPNS causes an adsorption energy of −25.0 and –23.6 kcal.mol−1. However, the HOMO-LUMO energy gap decreased by approximately 26.3 % and 24.5 %, upon Al doping, which is favorable from a sensing point of view. The predicted time for desorption of the MN drug from the Al-BPNS is about 2.0 × 102 and 1.9 × 101 s. These findings suggest that Al-BPNS could be used as a suitable carrier and biosensor for MN drug molecules. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

Here, the potential of Si76, C76, Al38N38, V-Si76, V-C76 and V-Al38N38 nanocages to transfer the Mechlorethamine are examined by computational methods. Results shown that the water as polar solvent is increased the adsorption energy and enthalpy of Mechlorethamine on Si76, C76, Al38N38, V-Si76, V-C76 and V-Al38N38 nanocages ca 0.12 eV to 0.23 eV. Results shown that the HOMO of Mechlorethamine-nanocage complex is located on Mechlorethamine and LUMO of Mechlorethamine-nanocage complex is located on nanocages. The calculated ΔGadsorption of anticancer drug on Si76, C76, Al38N38, V-Si76, V-C76, V-Al38N38 are -3.06, -2.85, -2.97, -3.75, -3.53 and -3.61 eV. The V-Al38N38 and V-Si76 have higher Eadsorption to transfer the Mechlorethamine than C76 ca 0.17 eV to 0.21 eV. The recovery time (τ) values of complexes of V-Si76, V-C76, V-Al38N38 with anticancer drug are higher than Si76, C76 and Al38N38 ca 3.12 s to 5.49 s. Results indicated that the V-Al38N38 and V-Si76 are effective nanostructures to deliver the Mechlorethamine as anticancer drug. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

The popularity of stevia is high, especially among diabetics and those looking to reduce their calorie-intake. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a commercially-available stevia and of a Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract on the liver function and histology of rats. After preparing the Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract, 60 healthy adult male rats were randomly separated into three groups: untreated control, commercial stevia treatment (25 mg/kg), and Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract treatment (25 mg/kg). Our results show that after 60 days of treatment (oral administration), a significant elevation of the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels was observed in the commercial stevia-treated group, suggesting potential effects on liver function. The Stevia rebaudiana leaf extract-treated group also exhibited increased ALT levels. Moreover, the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were found significantly increased in both of these treatment groups (when compared to the control group). Alkaline phosphatase levels were not found altered between groups. Histological-examinations, in spite of the elevated ALT and AST levels, exhibited no abnor-malities in the liver. Although stevia is generally regarded as safe, this study underlines the importance of considering the type and form of stevia when evaluating its effects on liver health. Further study is warranted so as to elucidate the specific components and mechanisms responsible for the observed variations in liver enzymes, and to confirm the overall safety of stevia products. © 2024 by the authors.

DNA methylation is one of the main epigenetic mechanisms in cancer development and progression. Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands within promoter regions contributes to the dysregulation of various tumor suppressors and oncogenes; this leads to the appearance of malignant features, including rapid proliferation, metastasis, stemness, and drug resistance. The discovery of two important protein families, DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and Ten-eleven translocation (TET) dioxygenases, respectively, which are responsible for deregulated transcription of genes that play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis, led to further understanding of DNA methylation-related pathways. But how these enzymes can target specific genes in different malignancies; recent studies have highlighted the considerable role of Long Non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs). LncRNAs recruit these enzymes to promoter regions of genes and mediate their functions, showing great potential as therapeutic agents targeting the epigenetic regulation of various genes. Considering the importance of combining the current treatment methods, especially chemotherapies, with DNA methylation inhibitors in improving patients' outcomes, this review aimed to summarize the recent findings about the interaction between DNA methylation machinery and LncRNAs in regulating genes involved in tumorigenesis and drug resistance. So, these studies could provide insights toward developing novel strategies for cancer-targeted therapy. © 2023

In the present work, ab initio calculations were used to evaluate BC3 nanotube (BC3NT) as a potential carrier for delivering thioguanine (TG) anti-cancer drug to protection of nucleic acid. In order to estimate electronic, geometric, and energetic characteristics of the interaction between BC3NT and TG drug, quantum mechanics computations by the B3LYP/6-31 + G(d,p) level of theory. Consequently, details of TG interaction with BC3NT, such as configuration and energies of adsorption, are computed. As for the complex with the highest stability, the drug's sulfur atom interacts with BC3NT's B atom with an interaction length of 1.72 Å while the energy of the adsorption process is around −26.18 kcal/mol. Also, λmax of the complex BC3NT-TG is blue-shifted by 15 nm in the aqueous phase. The release of the drug to the targeted cell after the protonation was taken into consideration due to the fact that cancerous cells have lower pH compared with others. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

s: Reports indicate that renal injury or damage results in high mortality. Aim: To evaluate the beneficial aspects of hesperetin in treating kidney injury in male mice caused by ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Materials and Method: Twenty-eight male Swiss Albino mice with weight range of 35–38 g at 12–16 weeks old were gathered into 4 groups; each group had seven mice, as follows: group I (sham group) undergone all research surgical techniques, with the exception of the use of vascular clamps for occlusion and reperfusion on the pedicles. group II (IR group) was subjected to reperfusion and ischemia. group III (DMSO group), Hesperetin's solvent is (DMSO)dimethyl sulfoxide was subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 1.5 mg/kg of DMSO 30 min prior to the exposure to renal IR processes under anesthesia. group IV (hesperetin treated group) was subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of hesperetin 30 min before being subjected to IR procedures while sedated. Mice underwent euthanization, and then a blood sample from the heart was taken to measure the levels of urea, creainine, MDA, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the serum. Bilateral nephroctomy was performed and the kidney sample underwent homogenization so that the tissue markers can be measured (IL1 and IL6). A part of the kidney sample was placed in paraffin blocks with a 10% formalin solution. and prepared for histological examination. Results: The results demonstrated that the average (mean) tissue levels of (IL1, IL6, and MDA), also the mean serum concentration of (urea and creatinine) and the histopathological changes scores compared to the sham group, increased significantly (P< 0.05) in the IR group, while the activity of glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05) was reduced compared with other groups. In the hesperetin treated group, the mean levels of IL1, IL6, and MDA as well as the mean urea and creatinine levels in the blood underwent significant (P<0.05) reduction. Similarly, the histopathological changes scores were decreased, while the glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05) activity was higher compare with other groups Hesperetin reduces kidney injury caused by ischemia and reperfusion through their pleiotropic effects by modulating the inflammation pathway and oxidative activity. © 2023 Nsoe et al.; Licensee Cosmos Scholars Publishing House.

In this project, the possibility of drug delivery application of three anti-Multiple sclerosis (MS) agents (containing diroximel fumarate (DXF), dimethyl fumarate (DMF), and mono methyl fumarate (MMF)) by using some heteroatom decorated graphitic carbonitride (g-C3N4) (as nano-sized carriers) have been systematically investigated. The results of the study have indicated that As-g-C3N4 QD is not a suitable candidate for drug delivery (at least in the cases of DMF, and DXF drugs); while, it would be an accurate semiconductor sensor for selective detection of each mentioned agents. Also, the use of the P-doped as well as pristine g-C3N4 QD could lead to weak electronic signals with relatively same values (in electronvolts). It means that P-g-C3N4, and g-C3N4 QDs are not good sensors for detection of each of the three considered drugs. However, those two sorbents would be suitable carriers for delivering of all three mentioned pharmaceuticals. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.